Njengoko ufunda oku, amehlo akho ayajikeleza, iminwe yakho ikwifowuni okanye kwimawusi yakho, uyaphefumla... Ngaba wakha wacinga ngamandla amakhulu angasemva kwako konke oku? Leyo 'yindawo yokulawula ephambili' yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale nkqubo imangalisayo ngokulula nangokufudumeleyo. Kufana nje nokuthetha nomhlobo, kungekhona encwadini, kodwa ngesiSinhala esiqondakalayo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo?
Khawuthelekelele umzimba wakho njengenkampani enkulu. Iofisi eyintloko yaloo nkampani yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Le yindawo elawula kwaye ilawula yonke into emzimbeni wonke. Le ofisi eyintloko yenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu aphambili: ingqondo, umqolo, kunye nemithambo-luvo .
Le nkqubo isebenza njengenethiwekhi yefowuni. Ithumela imiyalezo, okanye imiqondiso yombane, phakathi kwengqondo kunye nayo yonke inxalenye yomzimba. Le miqondiso ikuxelela ukuba uphefumle, ushukumise amalungu akho, uthethe, kwaye ubone izinto. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwaqokelela ulwazi rhoqo malunga nento eyenzekayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle komzimba wakho kwaye igqibe ukuba uza kusabela njani kuyo.
Ayilawuli izinto ozenzayo ngabom kuphela, kodwa ilawula nezinto ozenzayo ngabom. Cinga ngezinto ezinjengokuba neentloni, ukubila, nokuqhwanyaza xa uziva uneentloni. Asizilawuli, zizenzekela nje. Inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo isemva kwayo yonke le nto.
Yeyiphi inkonzo enikezelwa yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo emizimbeni yethu?
Imisebenzi eyenzayo ibanzi kakhulu. Eyona iphambili kukuhambisa imiyalezo esuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ukuya engqondweni nakwingqondo ukuya emzimbeni. Makhe sijonge eminye yemisebenzi ephambili.
| Uhlobo lomsebenzi | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Umsebenzi wengqondo | Ukucinga, ukukhumbula, ukufunda izinto ezintsha, ukuva iimvakalelo ezinje ngolonwabo kunye nosizi. |
| Ulawulo lokuhamba | Ukuhamba, ukubaleka, ukubamba izinto, kunye nokugcina ibhalansi. |
| Umsebenzi weemvakalelo | Ingqondo itolika oko amehlo akubonayo, iindlebe ezikuvayo, ulwimi olunambithayo, impumlo evumbayo, kwaye ulusu luziva ngathi luchukunyisiwe. |
| Izenzo ezizenzekelayo | Izinto esingazilawuli ngabom, ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla, ukugaya ukutya, kunye nokubila. |
| Ezinye iinkqubo emzimbeni | Kwaneenkqubo ezinje ngokuphiliswa kwamanxeba, ukulawula ubuthongo, ukufikisa, kunye nokwaluphala zinegalelo ekulawuleni. |
Kulungile, ngoku masibone indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo.
Le nkqubo yonke isebenza kusetyenziswa uhlobo oluthile lweeseli ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurons . Ezi zifana neengcingo zombane emizimbeni yethu. Ezi neurons zezona zithwala imiqondiso yombane (imiyalezo) emzimbeni wonke. Ezi miyalezo zihamba ukusuka engqondweni ukuya eluswini, kwizitho zangaphakathi, nakwimisipha.
Cinga ngamehlo akho, iindlebe, impumlo, ulwimi, kunye nolusu njengeenzwa eziqokelela ulwazi oluvela kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ulwazi oluqokelelwa zezi sensor luthunyelwa engqondweni ngeemithambo-luvo (ii-neurons). Ingqondo ihlalutya olo lwazi, yenze isigqibo malunga nento emayenziwe, ize ithumele umyalezo ngemithambo-luvo ukuya kwilungu okanye kwimisipha efanelekileyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zee-neurons, nganye inomsebenzi owahlukileyo.
| Uhlobo lwe-Neuron | Umsebenzi kunye nomzekelo |
|---|---|
| IiNeuron zeMotor | Ezi zithwala imiqondiso esuka engqondweni nasemqolo ukuya kwimisipha. Kalula nje, zithwala umyalelo othi "yenza." Umzekelo: Ezi neurons ziyalela izihlunu ezisesandleni sakho ukuba zithathe iglasi yamanzi. |
| IiNeuron zeSensory | Ezi ziqokelela ulwazi oluvela kwiimvakalelo (ezifana namehlo, iindlebe, kunye nolusu) zize ziluthwale ziye engqondweni. Zixelela ingqondo ukuba "ivakalelwa njani." Umzekelo: Ezi neurons zithumela umyalezo engqondweni wokuba iglasi yamanzi oyiphetheyo ibanda. |
| Ii-Interneurons | La ngabaxhasi abanxibelelana phakathi kwee-neuron ze-motor kunye neze-sensory, ezisinceda senze izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo ngokusekelwe kulwazi esilufumanayo. Umzekelo: Ukuba ngempazamo uchukumisa into eshushu, kwangoko nje xa umyalezo weemvakalelo ufika usithi ishushu, la ma-neurons ayangenelela ukuze athumele umyalezo we-motor okuxelela ukuba uhambise isandla sakho kude. |
Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngako ngaphambili, ungacinga ngenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo njengomthi. Isiqu sesona sigaba siphambili saloo mthi. Amanye amacandelo ngamasebe.
Inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ifana nomthi. Ingqondo kunye nomqolo ziziqu zomthi. Imithambo-luvo ephuma kuwo ngamasebe omthi. La masebe asasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
Ngoko ke, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini aphambili.
1. Inkqubo yeNervous ePhakathi (CNS): Le 'yiofisi yethu enkulu'. Iquka ingqondo kunye nomqolo . Ifunda kwaye iyaqonda yonke imiyalezo engenayo, kwaye yenza izigqibo.
2. Inkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral (PNS): Le 'yinethiwekhi yonxibelelwano'. Iquka yonke imithambo-luvo eqala kwinkqubo yenervous ephakathi (CNS) ukuya kumzimba wonke - ukuya kwiingalo, emilenzeni, kwiminwe, nakwizitho zangaphakathi - kwaye ithwala imiyalelo evela kwi-CNS ukuya kumzimba wonke, kwaye ikwathwala ulwazi oluvela emzimbeni ukuya kwi-CNS.
Le nkqubo ye-nervous system (PNS) yahlulwe kabini:
- Inkqubo yeNervous yeSomatic: Yile nto ilawula iintshukumo zethu eziqondayo nezizikhethela zona, njengokuhamba, ukuphakamisa ingalo, nokuthetha.
- Inkqubo Yeemvakalelo Ezimeleyo: Oku kulawula izinto esingazenzi ngabom, ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla, kunye nokugaya ukutya.
Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo?
Ngelishwa, kukho inani lezifo kunye neemeko ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo ebaluleke kangaka. Ezinye zazo zezi:
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer
- Umhlaza (ingakumbi engqondweni okanye emgogodleni)
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Isifo sokuwa
- Isifo sikaHuntington
- Iintsholongwane, umzekelo i-meningitis
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Istroke
- Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu
Iimpawu ezibonisa ingxaki yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
Nangona iimpawu zesifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo zahlukile ngokuxhomekeke kwisifo, kukho iimpawu ezithile eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa.
- Utshintsho kwintshukumo kunye nokulinganisela (ubunzima bokuhamba, ukuziva ngathi izinto ziyawa)
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okanye ukwehla
- Intlungu, ukungakhululeki, okanye iiphini kunye neenaliti
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo
- Ubunzima bokucinga nokuqiqa
- Ukuxhuzula
Lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu!
Ezinye iimeko, ingakumbi izinto ezifana nestroke, ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana naziphi na zezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo elikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza okanye utsalele inkonzo ye-ambulensi ku-1990.
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukungakhululeki kwelinye icala lomzimba.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso okanye ukungaboni kakuhle.
- Intetho engacacanga.
- Ukudideka ngequbuliso.
Uvavanyo olujonga impilo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, banokwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa oko.
- I-CT scan (i-computed tomography - i-CT scan)
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram - i-ECG okanye i-EKG) - Jonga ukubetha kwentliziyo
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram - i-EEG) - Jonga umsebenzi wombane wengqondo
- Ukubhoboza iLumbar (Ukubhoboza iLumbar / i-spinal tap) - jonga ulwelo olukwi-spinal cord
- Iiskeni ze-MRI (i-Magnetic resonance imaging - iiskeni ze-MRI) - fumana imifanekiso ecacileyo yengqondo kunye nomqolo
Siyigcina njani inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo isempilweni?
Sifanele siyinyamekele kakuhle le nkqubo ixabisekileyo. Zimbalwa izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukunceda.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Yitya ukutya okunempilo. Faka imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neeproteni ezingenamafutha ekutyeni kwakho. Zilolonge rhoqo.
- Ziphephe izinto ezinobungozi: Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo kunokonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
- Hlala ukhuselekile: Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifana nesigcina-ntloko xa udlala imidlalo okanye uqhuba ibhayisekile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela ukwenzakala entloko.
- Lawula ezinye izifo: Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, zilawule kakuhle, kuba ezi zifo zingonakalisa nemithambo-luvo.
- Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezonyango: Ukuba kukho ingxaki, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango rhoqo ukuze uyichonge kwangethuba.
Inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo yeyona nto iphambili kuyo yonke into emzimbeni wakho. Ukuyigcina isempilweni kubalulekile kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Ukuba le nkqubo ichatshazelwa lusulelo, ingozi, okanye enye imeko yezonyango, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo yeyona ndawo iphambili yokulawula umzimba wakho, eyenziwe yingqondo yakho, umqolo, kunye nemithambo-luvo.
- Le nkqubo ilawula izinto ozenzayo ngabom, kunye nezinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye nokuphefumla.
- Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ineenxalenye ezimbini eziphambili: inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (CNS) kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo engaphandle (PNS).
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu eziqatha ezifana nobuthathaka obukhawulezileyo, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye utshintsho lombono. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ungayigcina inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo isempilweni ngokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, nokuhlala ukhuselekile kwiingozi.
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