Masifunde ngezifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo? (Iingxaki zeMithambo) Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva unesizungu , unesicaphucaphu , okanye udidekile ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zengxaki encinci kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo. Ungakhathazeki, namhlanje sithetha ngeengxaki zemithambo-luvo. Masithethe ngokuba ziyintoni, kutheni zenzeka, indlela yokuzibona, kunye nonyango.

Zithini Iingxaki Zengqondo?

Ngamafutshane, izifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ziimeko ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo . Le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo ifana nenkqubo yombane emzimbeni wethu. Yiyo elawula kwaye ilungelelanise yonke into emzimbeni wethu. Cinga ngayo njenge "Motherboard" yekhompyutha.

Inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini aphambili:

• Inkqubo Yemithambo-luvo Ephakathi (CNS): Kulapho ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo wethu zikhoyo khona. Le yindawo ephambili yokulawula umzimba wethu.
• Inkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral (PNS): Oku kuquka inethiwekhi yemithambo-luvo eqala kwi-spinal cord ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ifana neendlela ezisecaleni ezikhokelela kwindlela enkulu. Yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini:
• Inkqubo yeNervous yeSomatic: Yiyo le nto ilawula iintshukumo zethu zokuzithandela , ezinjengokuhambisa amalungu ethu kunye nokuhamba.
• Inkqubo yeNervous eZilawulayo: Oku kulawula iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo , ezifana nokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokugaya ukutya.

Izinto ezininzi zenzeka kule nkqubo yeemvakalelo kunokuba ucinga. Ukususela ekuphefumleni, ekuginyeni, ekulaleni, ekuhambeni, ekucingeni, ekukhumbuleni, ekuthetheni, ekufundeni, ekuvekeni iimvakalelo... Inkqubo yethu yeemvakalelo inoxanduva lwazo zonke ezi zinto. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo ebaluleke kangaka, inokuchaphazela zonke iinkalo zokusebenza kwethu ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, ekuziphatheni, nangokwengqondo . Oko kuthetha ukuba, kunokubakho izinto ezininzi ezifana nentlungu yomzimba, ukudideka kwengqondo, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, kunye nokuziva ungenakunceda.

Ziziphi iintlobo zezifo ze-neurological ezikhoyo?

Enyanisweni, kukho amakhulu eentlobo zezifo zemithambo-luvo. Zonke zahlukile. Masizihlukanise zibe ziindidi ezimbalwa eziphambili:

• Iimeko zokuwohloka kwemithambo-luvo: Ezi zizifo apho iiseli zemithambo-luvo zifa kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Imizekelo:
• Isifo sika-Alzheimer: Inkumbulo iyalahleka kancinci kancinci.
• I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo.
• Isifo sikaParkinson:Iimpawu ziquka ukungcangcazela kunye nokuhamba kancinci.

• Iimeko ze-neuromuscular: Ezi zizifo ezichaphazela unxibelelwano phakathi kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha. Imizekelo:
• I-Muscular Dystrophy: Imisipha iyabuthathaka kwaye iyancipha.
• I-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezilawula intshukumo ziyatshatyalaliswa.

• Iimeko zobuchopho: Iimeko ezichaphazela ngqo ingqondo. Imizekelo:
• Isifo sokuwa: Ukuxhuzula kwenzeka.
• I-Migraines kunye neengxaki zentloko: Iintloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Istroke: Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.
• Ukulimala Kwengqondo Okubuhlungu (TBI): Ngenxa yeengozi ezifana nokwenzakala entloko.

• Iimeko zomqolo: Izifo ezinxulumene nomqolo . Imizekelo:
• I-Spine Bifida: Isiphene sokuzalwa esikwi-spinal cord.
• Ukulimala komqolo: Ukonakala komqolo ngenxa yeengozi.
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha yomqolo (SMA): Isifo semfuza esenza izihlunu zibe buthathaka.

• Iimeko zemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba: Iimeko ezichaphazela imithambo-luvo ekude nomzimba, njengeenxalenye zomzimba. Imizekelo:
• I-Peripheral Neuropathy: Iimpawu ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo nokurhawuzelela emalungwini.
• I-Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Ukucinezelwa komthambo odlula esihlahleni.
• I-Bell's Palsy: Ubuthathaka bemithambo-luvo kwelinye icala lobuso.

Ezinye izifo zemithambo-luvo zingawela kudidi olungaphezulu kwesinye ngokusekwe kwiimpawu ezizibangelayo, ngoko ke kuxhomekeke kugqirha ukumisela ukuba sesiphi isifo esibangela esi sifo.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi zifo zemithambo-luvo?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezifo ze-neurological, kwaye zixhaphake kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Ezinye izifo ze-neurological zixhaphake kakhulu kunezinye. Umzekelo, iintloko ezibuhlungu zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaninzi kwaye zinxulumene nenkqubo ye-nervous. Iimeko ezifana ne-stroke kunye ne-epilepsy nazo zixhaphakile eSri Lanka.

Zithini iimpawu zezifo zemithambo-luvo?

Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ilawula phantse yonke into emzimbeni wethu, iimpawu zezi zifo ziyahluka kwaye zisasazeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo . Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima besifo. Nangona ezinye izifo zichaphazela inxalenye enye yomzimba kuphela, ezinye zinokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi. Iimpawu zinokufika zihambe, zenzeke kube kanye kuphela, okanye zinokwanda kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Intlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu, umqolo obuhlungu, intlungu yentamo.
• Utshintsho kwiintshukumo zemisipha:Ubuthathaka bomzimba, ukuqina komzimba, ukungcangcazela, ukuxhuzula, ukukhubazeka, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukuwa rhoqo.
• Utshintsho kwindlela ovakalelwa ngayo: ukungaziva kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba, ukulahlekelwa yindlela ovakalelwa ngayo kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ukungabi namdla xa uchukunyiswa kunye nobushushu.
• Utshintsho kwiimvakalelo: ukubona okufipheleyo, ukubona kabini, ukukhala ezindlebeni, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, ukulahlekelwa yivumba nencasa, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, i-vertigo, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Iingxaki zokulala: Ubunzima bokulala, ukuziva ulele kakhulu emini, iintshukumo ezingaqhelekanga xa ulele, ukurhona okukhulu.
• Utshintsho engqondweni: ukuquleka, ukuxhuzula, i-coma.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo: ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokugxila, ubunzima bokufunda okanye ukuqonda, utshintsho lweemvakalelo.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha nokuginya: Ukuthetha kancinci, intetho engacacanga, ubunzima bokuginya.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuba kukwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, akuthethi ukuba unesifo semithambo-luvo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka okanye zivela rhoqo, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Zithini izizathu zezifo zemithambo-luvo?

Kunzima ukuchonga unobangela omnye wezifo ze-neurological. Unobangela uyahluka ngokwesifo ngasinye. Kwezinye izifo ze-neurological, unobangela ochanekileyo awukafunyanwa.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba kutheni:

• Utshintsho kwimfuza: Ezinye izifo zemithambo-luvo zinokufunyanwa njengelifa. Zinokubangelwa lutshintsho kwimfuza.
• Iimeko zokuzalwa: Ezi zinokubangelwa sisiphene ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ekuzalweni. Umzekelo ngu `(i-Spina Bifida)`.
• Ukwenzakala okanye umonakalo kwiindawo ezithile zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Into efana nengozi entloko okanye emgogodleni.
• Iintsholongwane: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yibhaktiriya, iintsholongwane, okanye imingxunya zinokuchaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
• Ithumba: Ukukhula okunomhlaza okanye okungekho ngumhlaza okwakheka engqondweni okanye emgogodleni.
• Istroke: Ukuvaleka okanye ukugqabhuka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni.

Izinto ezibangela ezinje zingonakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo kwaye ziphazamise ukusebenza kwazo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani isifo semithambo-luvo?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zengxaki yemithambo-luvo, into yokuqala ugqirha aza kuyenza kukwenza uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo . Oku kuquka ukujonga indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo. Oku kuthetha ukujonga amandla akho, ibhalansi, imvakalelo, ukusabela, inkumbulo, kunye nentetho.

Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza olunye uvavanyo ukuze afumanise unobangela weempawu zakho, enze uxilongo oluchanekileyo, kwaye akunike unyango olufanelekileyo. Ezinye zezi vavanyo ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukufumanisa izinto ezifana nosulelo kunye nokungabikho kweevithamini emzimbeni.
• I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Oku kulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni izifo ezifana nokuxhuzula.
• I-EMG (i-Electromyography): Jonga umsebenzi wezihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo edibene nazo.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Izinto ezifana ne-`(MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging)` okanye `(CT scan - Computed Tomography scan)`. Ezi zinokubona ngokucacileyo iingxaki (iithumba, ukopha, umonakalo) ngaphakathi kwengqondo kunye nomqolo.
• Uphononongo lokuqhuba imithambo-luvo: Jonga isantya imiyalezo ehamba ngaso kwimithambo-luvo.
• Ukubhoboza umqolo/Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar: Ukuhlola ulwelo lomqolo ukuze kufunyanwe izifo ezithile zemithambo-luvo.
• Ukufunda ngokulala: Fumanisa iingxaki zokulala.

Ayizizo zonke ezi mvavanyo ezenzelwa wonke umntu. Uvavanyo olwenzayo luya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho kunye nezinto ezirhanelwa ngugqirha wakho.

Zinyangwa njani izifo zemithambo-luvo?

Unyango lweengxaki zemithambo-luvo nalo luyahluka kakhulu kwisifo ngasinye. Akukho ndlela 'efanayo neyomntu wonke'. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho ezithile. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isigqibo esinolwazi.

Ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zezi:

• Amayeza: Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zamayeza anokusetyenziswa ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukulawula ukuxhuzula, kunye nokuthintela isifo ukuba singabi mandundu.
• Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokuncedisa: Izinto ezifana neefreyimu zokuhamba, izitulo ezinamavili, kunye nezixhobo zokuthetha.
• Unyango lomzimba okanye unyango lomsebenzi: Olu nyango lunceda ukuphucula intshukumo yomzimba, amandla, kunye nokulinganisela, kwaye lukunceda ufunde ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimela.
• Unyango lokuthetha: Ukunceda ekuthetheni nasekuginyeni iingxaki.
• Utyando: Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokufuneka, umzekelo ukususa ithumba lobuchopho okanye ukuthomalalisa umthambo oxineneyo (njengakwiCarpal Tunnel Syndrome).
• Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi: Xa kuphandwa ngonyango olutsha, ungavolontiya ukuba uthathe inxaxheba.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha neqela lakho lezonyango uze ugqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa unesifo semithambo-luvo? Injani imeko yakho?

Kunzima ukunika impendulo enye kulo mbuzo. Kuba ezinye iimeko ze-neurological zisenokungabi nampembelelo ingako kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla . Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko zinokufuna ukhathalelo lweeyure ezingama-24 . Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo noluhlaziyiweyo malunga nemeko yakho.

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunceda uqonde ukuba yeyiphi imeko yemithambo-luvo ekuchaphazelayo wena okanye umntu omthandayo, zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo, kunye nento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho.

Ukuphila nemeko yemithambo-luvo kunokuba luxinzelelo ngokweemvakalelo . Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokufika zize ziphele ngokungalindelekanga. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukwenza izinto ozithandayo okanye uchithe ixesha nabantu obathandayo. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo . Abantu abaninzi bafumana isiqabu ngokuthetha nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ukuze bafumane iindlela zokulawula impilo-ntle yabo ngokweemvakalelo, ukongeza kwiimpawu zabo zomzimba.

Ngaba izifo zemithambo-luvo zingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, ayizizo zonke izifo zemithambo-luvo ezinokuthintelwa , ingakumbi ezo zibangelwa zizinto zemfuza. Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala okanye wokonakala kwenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo ngokunyamekela impilo yakho iyonke kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ngexesha lemisebenzi eyingozi (umzekelo, ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa udlala imidlalo). Ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, ukulala ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya notywala konke kulungile kwimpilo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo iyonke.

Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?

Ngenxa yokuba izifo zemithambo-luvo zinokuchaphazela abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka kwaye iimpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu, ukuba uziva ngathi 'kukho into engalunganga', bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza .

Abazali abaninzi bafuna iingcebiso zonyango xa umntwana wabo engafikeleli kwinqanaba lokukhula . Ungabonana nogqirha emva kokugula okanye ingozi. Okanye ungamxelela ugqirha ukuba ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo akaziphathanga ngendlela eqhelekileyo .

Izifo ze-neurological zichaphazela wonke umntu ngokwahlukileyo. Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba ziza kukuchaphazela njani okanye nini. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo uneempawu zesifo se-neurological, xelela ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukufunyanwa unesifo semithambo-luvo kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo. Kaloku, inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ilawula yonke into ukususela kwiingcinga zethu, iinkumbulo, iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo zethu. Isifo ngasinye semithambo-luvo sinendlela yaso eyahlukileyo. Sisenokungabi nampembelelo ingako ebomini bakho, okanye sinokufuna ulawulo lweeyure ezingama-24 ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

Kodwa khumbula, nokuba ujongene neyiphi na imeko, awuwedwa.Iqela lakho lezonyango lihlala likulungele ukukunceda uqonde indlela imeko yemithambo-luvo echaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho kunye nento onokuyenza ukugcina impilo yakho.

Izifo ze- neurological, inkqubo ye-nervous, izifo zengqondo, izifo zomqolo, iimpawu, unyango, i-neurology