Usenokuba awukaze uve ngengcali ehlola ukuba inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo, equka ingqondo yakho, umqolo, kunye nenethiwekhi yemithambo-luvo ehamba emzimbeni wakho, isebenza kakuhle na. Njengongcali ehlola ukuba iingcingo ekhayeni lakho zisebenza kakuhle na, zinomda omfutshane ndaweni ithile, okanye ukuba umbane uphantsi, lo gqirha ukwajonga "inkqubo yombane" yomzimba wakho. Namhlanje sithetha ngale ngcali, i-Neurophysiologist.
Ngamafutshane, ngubani i-Neurophysiologist?
Ingcali ye-neurophysiology yingcali efunda ukusebenza kwenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo, ingakumbi umsebenzi wayo wombane , kwaye yenza uvavanyo kwaye ichonge izifo ezinxulumene nayo.
Cinga ngayo, umzimba wethu ngumatshini ontsonkothileyo kakhulu. Igumbi lokulawula lalo matshini yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Oko kukuthi, ingqondo, umqolo, kunye nemithambo-luvo ethwala ulwazi emzimbeni wonke. Yonke into oyicingayo, oyivayo, noyenzayo ilawulwa yile nkqubo. Ukususela kwixesha ophakamisa isandla sakho ukuya kwixesha intliziyo yakho ibetha ngalo, yonke loo nto iyinxalenye yayo.
Ngoko ke ukuba kukho ingxaki ngale nkqubo, nokuba yingxaki ngokuhamba kolwazi okanye yingxaki yemiqondiso yombane, ingcali ye-neurophysiology iya kunceda ukuyifumanisa.
Ingcali yezifo zengqondo kunye ne-Neurophysiologist - Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini?
La magama mabini adla ngokubhidana. Omabini ngoogqirha abasebenza kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci. Masiqonde oku ngomzekelo.
Khawucinge ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yokukhanyisa endlwini yakho. Ungaqala ngokuthetha nosombane oqhelekileyo. Angajonga yonke inkqubo yocingo lwendlu, abone ukuba ifuse ivuthuziwe na, iswitshi ayisebenzi kakuhle, ibhalbhu itshile, aze afumane umfanekiso opheleleyo. Yiyo loo nto injalo iNgcali yezifo zengqondo . Ungugqirha onolwazi olubanzi ngayo yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yeemvakalelo, oko kukuthi, ulwakhiwo lwayo, umsebenzi wayo, kunye nazo zonke izifo ezinxulumene nayo. Ingcali yezifo zengqondo ikunika amayeza akho kwaye icwangcise unyango lwakho.
Ngoku khawucinge ukuba kukho ingxaki enzima kakhulu engenakufunyanwa yingcali yombane. Umbane wamandla uyancipha, kubonakala ngathi kukho ukuvuza okuncinci ndaweni ithile. Emva koko uzisa umntu osebenzisa iimitha ezikhethekileyo, ingcali kwindlela esebenza ngayo i-current flow. Yiyo loo nto i- Neurophysiologist injalo. Uyingcali kwindlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo ye-nervous system, ingakumbi kwindlela imiqondiso yombane ehamba ngayo. Oko akwenzayo kukwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, ukuhlalutya iziphumo, nokufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki ekusebenzeni kwe-nervous.
Ngamafutshane, ingcali yezifo zengqondo ixilonga kwaye inyange izifo. Ingcali yezifo zengqondo yenza uvavanyo olukhethekileyo kwaye inike idatha ebalulekileyo efunekayo ukuze kufunyanwe olo nyango. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ayiniki mvume yonyango.
Iindima ezimbini eziphambili zengcali ye-neurophysiology
Singahlulahlula iingcali ze-neurophysiology zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezisebenza ngayo.
1. Abo basebenza kwicandelo lotyando (iingcali zotyando lwe-Neurophysiology)
2. Abo baxilonga izifo kwiikliniki (Clinical Neurophysiologists)
Makhe sijonge indima yomntu ngamnye kwaba bantu ngokwahlukeneyo.
1. Indima ye-Neurophysiologist kuGqirha
Le yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba umntu utyando olukhulu emgogodleni okanye engqondweni yakhe. Ngelixa besenza utyando, oogqirha kufuneka bajonge umonakalo wemithambo-luvo. Ukuba kukho impazamo encinci, umntu unokukhubazeka, aphulukane nokuva, okanye abe nestroke.
Kulapho ke ingcali ye-neurophysiology ijoyina iqela lotyando. Isebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukujonga umsebenzi wombane wenkqubo ye-nervous yesigulana kulo lonke utyando. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Intraoperative Neurophysiology Monitoring (IONM) . Xa i-nerve ichaphazeleka kancinci, imiqondiso yayo yombane iyatshintsha. Kwakamsinya nje xa ingcali ye-neurophysiology ibona olo tshintsho, iyazisa ugqirha otyandayo. Ugqirha otyandayo angathabatha amanyathelo afunekayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Indima yesazinzulu se-neurophysiology |
|---|---|
| Utyando lomqolo | Ukujonga umonakalo kumqolo kunye nemithambo-luvo evela kuwo. Ukunceda ukuthintela ukulahleka kwamalungu omzimba. |
| Utyando lobuchopho | Ukubona ukuba iindawo ezibalulekileyo zobuchopho, umzekelo, iindawo ezinxulumene nentetho, umbono kunye nokuhamba, zonakele na. |
| Utyando lwendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (iinkqubo ze-ENT) | Ukuthintela ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngenxa yomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo yokuva, ingakumbi ngexesha lotyando lwendlebe. |
| Utyando lweMithambo | Ukubeka esweni umsebenzi wobuchopho ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo obangelwa kukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni (ischemia). |
2. Ingcali ye-neurophysiology eyenza ukuxilongwa kwezonyango
Lo ngugqirha wezifo zengqondo esihlala simbona, lowo ugqirha wethu asithumela kuye. Bakwizibhedlele okanye kwiikliniki. Benza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezi vavanyo, ugqirha wakho wezifo zengqondo uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi imeko onayo.
Nazi ezinye zeemvavanyo eziphambili abazenzayo:
- I-EMG (i-Electromyography): Olu vavanyo lujonga impilo yezihlunu zakho kunye nemithambo-luvo ezilawulayo. Ukuba unesithukuthezi, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ubuthathaka engalweni yakho, olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ingxaki ikwimisipha ngokwayo okanye kwimithambo-luvo eyinika yona. Oku kubalulekile ekuxilongeni iimeko ezifana neCarpal Tunnel Syndrome (imithambo-luvo ecinezelekileyo esihlahleni) kunye nePeripheral Neuropathy (umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo engalweni nasemilenzeni ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nesifo seswekile).
- I-NCS (Uphononongo Lokuqhuba Imithambo-luvo): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ixesha elithathayo ukuba isignali yombane ihambe ngemithambo-luvo kunye nokuba ihamba ngesantya esingakanani. Ukuba imithambo-luvo yonakele, isantya esihamba ngaso eso signali siyehla. Rhoqo, uvavanyo lwe-EMG kunye nolwe-NCS lwenziwa kunye.
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Usenokuba ukhe weva ngale nto. Oku kuquka ukuncamathisela ii-electrode ezincinci entlokweni kunye nokurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wengqondo . Olu vavanyo lubalulekile ekuxilongeni iimeko ezifana nesifo sokuwa kunye nokufumanisa apho unobangela ukhoyo engqondweni.
- Uvavanyo Olunokubangelwa Zizinto Ezinokwenzeka: Oku kuquka ukunika isikhuthazo, njengokukhanya emehlweni okanye isandi ezindlebeni, kunye nokulinganisa umsebenzi wombane engqondweni nakwintambo yomqolo xa uphendula. Oko kukuthi, kulinganisa ukuba oko ukubonayo ngamehlo akho kufikelela ngokukhawuleza kangakanani engqondweni, kunye nokuba oko ukuvayo ngeendlebe zakho kufikelela ngokukhawuleza kangakanani engqondweni.
- Isifundo sokulala (Uphononongo lokulala / iPolysomnography):Abanye abantu baneengxaki ezifana nokurhona, ukuhambahamba ebuthongweni, kunye nokurhona xa belele. Ukuze kufunyaniswe ezi ngxaki zokulala, isigulana siya esibhedlele kwaye imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba (amaza obuchopho, ukuphefumla, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo) ijongwa ubusuku bonke. Oku kwenziwa yi-Neurophysiologist.
Ungaba njani yiNeurophysiologist?
Olu luhambo olude kakhulu noluzinikeleyo. Ingcali ye-neurophysiology ngugqirha. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqale ubhalise kwisikolo sezonyango uze ugqibezele isidanga sezonyango (MD/MBBS).
Emva koko:
- Kufuneka ugqibezele i-internship yonyaka omnye.
- Emva koko, kufuneka udlule iminyaka eliqela yoqeqesho lwe-postgraduate (Residency/MD) ukuze ufumane ulwazi olukhethekileyo kwi-neurology.
- Emva kolo qeqesho, uza kufunda ngokunzulu ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye ufumane uqeqesho kwicandelo elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba yiNeurophysiology.
Oku kufuna ixesha elininzi, ufundisiso, kunye nokuzinikela.
Ngoko ke ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuthumelele uvavanyo olufana ne-EMG okanye i-EEG, ngoku uyazi ukuba uza kubona i-Neurophysiologist. Ngumntu oza kuhlola inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo nzulu aze akuncede wenze uxilongo oluchanekileyo lwemeko yakho. Ngoko ke ungoyiki, buza loo gqirha nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali ye-neurophysiology ngugqirha ogxile kumsebenzi wombane wenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo (ingqondo, imithambo-luvo).
- Ingcali yezifo zengqondo inyanga izifo zemithambo-luvo, ngelixa ingcali yezifo zengqondo inceda ekuxilongeni ezo zifo ngovavanyo olukhethekileyo (olufana ne-EMG, i-EEG).
- Ngexesha lotyando olukhulu (umqolo, ubuchopho), uncedo lwengcali ye-neurophysiology lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithambo-luvo ayonakaliswa.
- Ukuba uthunyelwe kuvavanyo olufana ne-EMG, i-NCS, okanye i-EEG, uza kuhlolwa yi-Neurophysiologist. Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngalo mba.
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