Ingaba ukhuselo lomzimba wakho luphantsi? Masithethe nge-neutropenia!

Ngaba uhlala ugula? Okanye ngaba ugqirha wakhe wajonga uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi waza wathi, "Iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi ziphantsi kancinci?" Mhlawumbi unomkhuhlane, uzive ubuthathaka kancinci, kodwa awukwazi ukuqonda ukuba kutheni. Ngamaxesha anje, kunokuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-neutropenia, esithetha ngayo namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, masiyichaze ngokulula.

Yintoni i-neutropenia? Kulula kakhulu!

Ngamafutshane, i-neutropenia yimeko apho igazi lakho linenani elingaphantsi kuneliqhelekileyo lohlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-neutrophils. Cinga ngala ma-neutrophils njengamapolisa aqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Ngawo alwa neentsholongwane, ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ezingena emizimbeni yethu zize zisikhusele kwizifo.

La majoni abizwa ngokuba zii-neutrophils enziwa ikakhulu kumzi-mveliso ongaphakathi kwithambo lethu. Ngoko ke, xa inani lala ma-neutrophils lincipha, amandla omzimba wethu okulwa neentsholongwane nawo ayancipha. Oko kuthetha ukuba amathuba okufumana usulelo ayanda kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, neebhaktheriya eziqhele ukubangela ingxaki enkulu kumntu ophilileyo, njengezo zisemlonyeni okanye emathunjini ethu, zinokubangela ukugula kakhulu. Uyaqonda?

Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo lee-neutrophils lifanele libe lingakanani?

I-Neutropenia ihlelwa ngokwenani lee-neutrophils kwisampulu yegazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyavunywa ukuba umntu omdala kufuneka abe ne-1,500 yee-neutrophils kwi-microliter yegazi. (Abanye bacinga ukuba lo mda yi-1,800). Nantsi indlela echazwa ngayo:

• I-neutropenia engephi: Phakathi kwe-1,000 - 1,500 yee-neutrophils.
• I-neutropenia ephakathi: Phakathi kwama-neutrophils angama-500 ukuya kwi-1,000.
• I-neutropenia eqatha: Ii-neutrophils ezingaphantsi kwama-500.

Le meko inokuba yeyokwexeshana (ebukhali) okanye yexesha elide (engapheliyo). Isenokuba yeyokuzalwa okanye efunyenweyo.

Ngubani onokuthi abe ne-neutropenia?

I-neutropenia ngamanye amaxesha inokubangelwa zizifo. Nangona kunjalo, idla ngokubonwa njengemiphumo emibi yonyango lomhlaza, ingakumbi i-chemotherapy. Abaphandi bathi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% yabantu abafumana i-chemotherapy banokuba ne-neutropenia.

Kukho olunye uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN).' Le yimeko yokuzalwa, ehlala ixesha elide. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseAfrika, eMbindi Mpuma, naseNtshona Indiya. Aba bantu banenani le-neutrophil elingaphantsi kwe-1,500, kodwa abakho semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana usulelo.

I-neutropenia ichaphazela njani umzimba wam?

Iziphumo ze-neutropenia ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinani le-neutrophil yakho. Umntu one-neutropenia encinci usenokungabi nazimpawu. Idla ngokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi lwenye imeko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-neutropenia ephakathi ukuya kweyona inzima, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana usulelo. I-neutropenia enzima inokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele le meko.

Kutheni i-neutropenia isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

I-Neutropenia inokubangelwa zizinto ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Umongo wakho wethambo awuvelisi ii-neutrophils ezaneleyo.

2. Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza (ukutshatyalaliswa) kwee-neutrophils eziveliswayo.

3. Okanye, ukutshabalalisa ii-neutrophils ezenziweyo.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokuba kutheni:

• Iimeko zemfuza: Ngamanye amaxesha le meko inokudluliselwa ukusuka kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni ngee-genes. I-Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN), i-Cyclic neutropenia, kunye ne-Severe congenital neutropenia zezinye zeentlobo ezibangelwa zezo zizathu zemfuza.
• Izifo: I-Neutropenia inokubangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye nezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-HIV, i-hepatitis, isifo sephepha, i-sepsis (usulelo olubi lwegazi), kunye nesifo seLyme.
• Umhlaza: Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-leukemia, i-lymphoma, kunye nezinye izifo ezibandakanya igazi okanye umongo wethambo zinokubangela ukuba umzimba ungakwazi ukuvelisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisempilweni ozifunayo, nto leyo ebangela i-neutropenia.
• Amayeza: Unyango lomhlaza, olufana ne-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation, lunokonakalisa ii-neutrophils kunye nomongo wethambo ozivelisayo. Kwakhona, amanye amayeza kwezinye iimeko ezingezizo zomhlaza anokunciphisa amanqanaba e-neutrophil njengesiphumo esibi.
• Ukunqongophala kwesondlo: I-Neutropenia inokwenzeka ukuba umzimba awufumani iivithamini kunye neeminerali ezaneleyo, ezifana ne-vitamin B12, i-folate, okanye i-copper.
• Ukusilela kwe-Autoimmune: Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ingaqondi kakuhle inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba kwaye yenza ii-antibodies ezitshabalalisa ii-neutrophils ezisempilweni. Kufana nomkhosi wethu ozihlaselayo. Isifo sikaCrohn, i-lupus, kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zezinye zezi meko.

Ngamanye amaxesha kukho imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Chronic idiopathic neutropenia'. Oko kukuthi, kukho i-neutropenia, kodwa unobangela ochanekileyo awufumaneki .

Kutheni unyango lomhlaza lubangela i-neutropenia?

Unyango lomhlaza olufana ne-chemotherapy ngamayeza anamandla kakhulu. Abulala iiseli zomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, zingonakalisa neeseli eziphilileyo ezahlukana ngokukhawuleza. Ii-neutrophils zethu kunye neeseli zomongo wethambo ezenza zona nazo zahlulahlula iiseli ngokukhawuleza. Yiyo loo nto i-neutropenia ixhaphakile ngexesha le-chemotherapy. Amanqanaba e-neutrophil adla ngokuncipha kakhulu kwiiveki ezimbini zokuqala zonyango. Emva koko, ayanda kancinci kancinci kwakhona.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo ongezelelweyo ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane ngeli xesha, kuba eli lixesha apho ukhuselo lomzimba lubuthathaka kakhulu.

Zithini iimpawu ze-neutropenia?

I-Neutropenia ngokwayo ayinazo iimpawu ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana usulelo ngenxa ye-neutropenia, unokufumana iimpawu zosulelo. Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lunokuba luphawu lwe-neutropenia. Nazi ezinye zeempawu:

• Umkhuhlane (ingakumbi imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-febrile neutropenia)
• Ukudinwa
• Umphimbo obuhlungu (Pharyngitis)
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo
• Izilonda emlonyeni okanye ezijikeleze i-anus
• Intlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokubomvu kwindawo yosulelo
• Ukungagayi kakuhle ukutya, urhudo
• Iimpawu zomchamo, ezinje ngokutsha xa uchama kunye nokuchama rhoqo

Ukuba une-neutropenia encinci, usenokuba nee-neutrophils ezaneleyo emzimbeni wakho ukulwa nosulelo. Kwimeko enjalo, usenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-neutropenia?

Uvavanyo oluphambili nolulula lokuxilonga oku kukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (i-CBC) ngokwahlukana . Ukuba ufumana unyango olufana ne-chemotherapy, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza olu vavanyo rhoqo ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho akaqinisekanga ukuba yintoni ebangela i-neutropenia yakho, unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo. Umzekelo, isampuli yomongo wakho wethambo ingathathwa ize ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Olu vavanyo lunokumisela ukuba ii-neutrophils ziveliswa ngokufanelekileyo na kumongo wakho wethambo, okanye ziyatshatyalaliswa emva kokuba zivelisiwe. Olu lwazi lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-neutropenia?

Ezinye iintlobo ze-neutropenia zisenokungafuni unyango. Ezinye iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil aphantsi.

Oku kulandelayo kungenziwa njengonyango:

• Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba une-febrile neutropenia enomkhuhlane, ii-antibiotics zinokusindisa ubomi. Uya kungeniswa esibhedlele rhoqo kwaye unikwe ii-antibiotics, ezifana ne-saline, ngemithambo. Ngeli xesha, kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lokufumana unobangela wosulelo.
• IiCorticosteroids: Ukuba une-neutropenia ebangelwa yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba, ugqirha wakho unokukunika iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroids. La mayeza anciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba, nto leyo etshabalalisa ii-neutrophils zakho.
• I-Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza avuselela umongo wakho wethambo ukuba uvelise iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ukuba ufumana i-chemotherapy, unganikwa le injection ye-G-CSF.

Ukuba kufumaniseke ukuba i-neutropenia ibangelwa liyeza olisebenzisayo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukulisebenzisa elo yeza okanye utshintshe umthamo walo.

Ngaba i-neutropenia ingathintelwa?

Asinakuyithintela indlela yokuzalwa ye-neutropenia. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usebenzisa i-chemotherapy, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil aphantsi, unokulibazisa umjikelo olandelayo we-chemotherapy okanye anciphise umthamo. Banokucebisa nokufakwa kwe-G-CSF ukuze kwandiswe imveliso yeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Ndingazikhusela njani kwiintsholongwane ukuba ndine-neutropenia?

Ukuba uyazi ukuba ii-neutrophils zakho ziphantsi, kukho amanyathelo amaninzi onokuwathatha ukuze uzikhusele kwiintsholongwane. Ezi zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule.

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha okanye usebenzise isicoci sezandla esisekelwe kutywala.
• Kubandakanya umkhuhlane kunye ne-Covid-19 `(COVID-19)`Fumana zonke iigonyo zakho ngexesha.
• Musa ukuhlala nabantu abagulayo nakwiindawo ezixineneyo apho unokudibana nomntu ogulayo.
• Lumka imikrwelo, amanxeba, kunye namanxeba (kuquka iitattoos kunye nokugqobhoza umzimba). Nyanga nawuphi na umonakalo wolusu ngoko nangoko.
• Hlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle, wahlukanise inyama nentlanzi kwezinye ukutya, kwaye ulungiselele ukutya ekhitshini elicocekileyo, ukupheke kakuhle. Ngale ndlela, unokuthintela ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezitya zokutya, iikomityi, okanye ukutya nesiselo nabanye.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana neetawuli, iireyiza, kunye neebrashi zamazinyo nabanye.
• Ukuba usebenza egadini, nxiba iiglavu.
• Kuphephe ukususa inkunkuma yezilwanyana zasekhaya kwaye utshintshe amanabukeni asandul’ ukuzalwa kangangoko unako (ukuba kuyimfuneko, nxiba iiglavu kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuba ugqibile).
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amachibi, amachibi, imilambo, kunye neebhafu ezishushu.
• Sebenzisa amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ewayalele ukuthintela usulelo.

Uninzi lwezi ngcebiso zizinto esihlala sizenza ukuze sihlale sisempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-neutropenia, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba yintoni enye onokuyenza ukuze uzikhusele kwiintsholongwane, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ophila ngayo kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.

Ithini ingqikelelo yabantu abane-neutropenia? (Ingqikelelo)

I-Neutropenia inokunyangeka, ngoko ke ikamva labantu abaninzi lilungile. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthintela usulelo kwaye ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza (ukuba uyagula).

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana i-chemotherapy okanye unesinye isifo esinokubangela i-neutropenia, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu, okanye utsalele ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike ingcebiso malunga nento omawuyenze:

• Umkhuhlane ongama-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) okanye ngaphezulu.
• Ukubila okanye ukungcangcazela ngenxa yokubanda.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuxinana kweempumlo.
• Ukuqina komphimbo okanye intamo.
• Ukukhwehlela okutsha okanye ukukhwehlela okukhoyo kube kubi ngakumbi.
• Urhudo kunye/okanye ukuhlanza.
• Ukukhupha amanzi okanye ukurhawuzelelwa sisisu.
• Intlungu, ukuba bomvu, okanye ukudumba naphi na emzimbeni.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuchama (intlungu, ukutsha, imfuneko yokuchama rhoqo).
• Ukuqala kwentlungu entsha, ingakumbi esiswini okanye kwi-rectum.
• Ukuziva udidekile okanye ingqondo yakho yahlukile kunesiqhelo.
• Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu okanye ungaphilanga kakuhle.

Indlela ofumana ngayo i-neutropenia ixhomekeke kwinto ebangele ukuba amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil ehle. Ukuba amanqanaba akho aphantsi ngenxa yosulelo olusandula ukwenzeka, anokubuyela esiqhelweni njengoko umzimba wakho uphola. Ukuba i-neutropenia yakho ibangelwa kukugula ixesha elide okanye i-chemotherapy, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil rhoqo ukuthintela iingxaki ezivela kwiintsholongwane. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba i-neutropenia yakho ifuna uvavanyo lwezonyango rhoqo kunye namayeza okuthintela iintsholongwane.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Neutropenia yimeko apho iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zomzimba, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neutrophils, ziphantsi. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abafumana unyango lomhlaza olufana ne-chemotherapy.

Akukho nto ifanele ixhalabise ngayo, kukho iindlela zonyango zoku. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile:

• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukuthatha onke amanyathelo anokwenzeka ukuze uzikhusele kwizifo.
• Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba uyazi oku kwaye uthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko, unokuhlala usempilweni nokuba une-neutropenia. Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.

I- Neutropenia, ii-neutrophils, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ukungakhuseleki komzimba, usulelo, umhlaza, i-chemotherapy