Usuku obuluphupha kwaye ululinde ngolangazelelo kangangeenyanga ngoku lusondele kakhulu. Kusele ixesha elifutshane kakhulu ukuba undwendwe olutsha lujoyine ubomi bakho nobomyeni wakho. Kule mihla, mhlawumbi uzele luvuyo, kodwa uloyiko oluncinci kunye nomdla. "Kuza kuvakalelwa njani xa uqala ukuba nomntwana ?", "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni?", njl. Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngento eyenzekayo ukususela ekuqaleni kokuba nomntwana, ukuya kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa nomntwana wakho omtsha.
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuba uza kuba nomntwana?
'Umhla wokuzalwa' owanikwa ngugqirha ngumbono nje ongeyonyani. Akukho mntu unokukuxelela ukuba uza kuba nomntwana nini kanye kanye. Kuqhelekile ukuba umntwana wakho afike kwiiveki ezintathu ngaphambi okanye kwiiveki ezimbini emva komhla wokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa zokuba ukufika komntwana wakho akukude. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
| Uphawu | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Ukukhanyisa | Kulapho intloko yomntwana ilungele ukuzalwa kwaye isiya ezantsi kwi-pelvis yakho. Isisu sakho siya kuvakala sisezantsi kancinci. Amaphaphu akho aya kuvakala engaqinanga kangako kwaye kuya kuba lula ukuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, unokufuna ukuya kwindlu yangasese rhoqo kuba umntwana ucinezela isinyi sakho. |
| Umboniso ogcwele igazi | Iplagi ye-mucus ekhusela isibeleko kwizifo inokuphuma, kwaye ulwelo olupinki-mdaka lunokuphuma kwilungu lobufazi. Oku kungenzeka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuzala okanye njengoko ukuzala kuqala. |
| Urhudo | Ukuchama rhoqo kungaba luphawu lokuba umntwana sele eza kuzalwa. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwee-membrane (ii-membrane eziqhekekileyo) | Ingxowa ye-amniotic ekhusela umntwana ingaqhuma, ibangele ukukhutshwa kolwelo ngequbuliso okanye ukuvuza okuncinci kolwelo nge-vaginal. Oku kudla ngokuqala ukubuhlungu kwiiyure ezingama-24. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni abangele ukuzala ukuthintela usulelo. |
| Ukuncitshiswa | Kuqhelekile ukuba neentlungu ezingacwangciswanga (iintlungu zeBraxton Hicks) njengoko usondela ekubelekeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unentlungu eziqhubekayo neziqhelekileyo, malunga nemizuzu eli-10, oko kuthetha ukuba ubelekile. |
Amanqanaba amathathu okuzala
Ukuzala kudla ngokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili. Ubude bexesha umama ngamnye alichithayo kwezi zigaba buyahluka.
Inqanaba loku-1
Le yeyona nxalenye ithatha ixesha elininzi. Ikwanazo neenxalenye ezintathu.
- Isigaba esifihlakeleyo: Eli lelona xesha lide nelingenabuhlungu kakhulu xa ubeleka. Ngeli xesha, intlungu iyanda kancinci kancinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba umlomo wesibeleko uyavuleka kancinci kancinci ukuze kuvuleke indlela yomntwana. Nje ukuba intlungu iphele, uza kungeniswa esibhedlele. Ugqirha uza kukujonga rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba umlomo wesibeleko sakho uvuleke kangakanani.
- Isigaba esisebenzayo: Kule ndawo, umlomo wesibeleko sakho uqala ukuvuleka ngokukhawuleza. Uza kuziva iintlungu ezibukhali okanye uxinzelelo esiswini sakho okanye emqolo ngalo lonke ixesha xa unesifuthufuthu. Nokuba uziva ufuna ukutyhala, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ulinde de umlomo wesibeleko sakho uvuleke ngokupheleleyo (iisentimitha ezili-10).
- Isigaba sokutshintsha: Okwangoku umlomo wesibeleko uvuleke ngokupheleleyo. Intlungu ibukhali kakhulu kwaye inamandla. Ivela rhoqo emva kwemizuzu emi-3-4 kwaye ihlala malunga nemizuzwana engama-60-90.
Inqanaba lesi-2
Eli nqanaba liqala xa umlomo wesibeleko sakho uvuleke ngokupheleleyo. Kulapho ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba "utyhale." Amandla okutyhala kwakho kunye namandla entlungu ziyadibana ukuze zityhale umntwana emjelweni wokuzalwa.
Khawucinge nje, "amabala athambileyo" (iifontanels) entlokweni yomntwana yiwo amenza akwazi ukuphuma kule ndlela incinci. Yindalo emangalisayo yendalo.
Xa inxalenye ebanzi yentloko yomntwana isondela kumngxuma welungu lobufazi, siyibiza ngokuba yi-crowning. Nje ukuba intloko yomntwana iphume, ugqirha uza kumfunxa impumlo nomlomo womntwana ukuze asuse naluphi na ulwelo olugqithisileyo, igazi, kunye ne-mucus. Emva koko, njengoko uqhubeka utyhala, amagxa nomzimba womntwana uya kuphuma.
Nje ukuba umntwana azalwe ngokupheleleyo, ugqirha okanye umyeni wakho (ukuba ucele oko) uza kunqumla i-umbilical cord .
Inqanaba lesi-3
Emva kokuba ufumene umntwana wakho, ungena kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokubeleka. Kulapho i-placenta, ebisoloko isondla umntwana ngaphakathi esibelekweni sakho, izalwa khona.
Khumbula, wonke umama kunye nokuzalwa ngakunye kwahlukile. Ixesha elithathwayo kwisigaba ngasinye kwezi lihlukile. Ukuba ngumntwana wakho wokuqala, kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezili-12-14. Kumntwana wakho wesibini okanye wesithathu, eli xesha lifutshane kakhulu.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ngentlungu?
Njengokuba ubude bokuzala buhlala bunjalo, iintlungu ezifunyanwayo ziyahluka kumntu nomntu. Izinto ezifana nendawo yomntwana, ubungakanani bakhe, kunye nobunzima bentlungu zinokuchaphazela oku. Abanye oomama banokuyilawula intlungu ngokwenza umthambo wokuphefumla kunye neendlela zokuphumla. Kodwa abanye bafuna ezinye iindlela zokujongana nentlungu.
Ukulawula iintlungu ngamayeza
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa intlungu yokubeleka. La mayeza akhuselekile kakhulu kumama nakumntwana. Nangona kunjalo, njengakweminye imithi, kukho iingozi ezithile, ngoko ke kungcono ukuxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili uze wenze isigqibo.
- I-Analgesics: Ezi zinciphisa ubuninzi bentlungu ozivayo, kodwa aziyisusi ngokupheleleyo loo mvakalelo.
- Ii-Anesthetics : Ezi zisusa zonke iimvakalelo, kuquka neentlungu.
- Ukuvimba komqolo okanye ukuvimba kwe-epidural: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. Olu tyando lufakwa kwindawo yomqolo, luze luvale icandelo elisezantsi lomzimba wakho. Nge-epidural, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) kwindawo ejikeleze i-vertebrae kwaye kunikwa amayeza entlungu aqhubekayo.
- Ii-Anesthetics eziQhelekileyo: Oku kukwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa ngexesha lokubeletha ngotyando.
Iindlela zokuhlangabezana nentlungu ngaphandle kwamayeza
Abanye oomama bakhetha ukujongana nale ngxaki ngaphandle kwamayeza. Izinto ezifana ne-acupuncture, i-hypnosis, imithambo yokuphefumla, kunye nokutshintsha izikhundla zinokunceda. Nokuba ukhetha le ndlela, ukuba awusakwazi ukunyamezela nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lokubeleka, unelungelo lokucela amayeza eentlungu.
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kokuba nomntwana?
Umzimba wakho udlula kwiinguqu ezininzi ngaphambi nasemva kokuba ube nomntwana. Kungaba luncedo kakhulu ukwazi ngezi zinto kwangaphambili.
Utshintsho olunokwenzeka emzimbeni
- Intlungu kwindawo apho kuthungwe khona: Ukuze kube lula ukuba umntwana aphume, ugqirha angenza isilonda esincinci (i-'Episiotomy') kwindawo ephakathi kwelungu lobufazi kunye ne-anus (perineum). Ngaphandle koko, indawo inokukrazuka yodwa. Izithungo ezibekwe kwezi ndawo zinokwenza kube nzima ukuhamba okanye ukuhlala. Usenokuziva iintlungu xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla.
- Iintlungu zebele: Njengoko ubisi lwakho luqala ukungena, amabele akho asenokuvakala evuvukile, eqinile, kwaye ebuhlungu kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Iingono zakho nazo zinokuba buhlungu.
- IiHemorrhoids: Kuqhelekile ukuba neehemorrhoids emva kokubeleka.
- Ukuqhinwa: Kunokuba nzima ukuba nesisu kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Oku kungenziwa mandundu zizinto ezifana neentlungu zokuthungwa okanye ii-hemorrhoids.
- Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda: Amanqanaba e-hormone kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi kuyatshintsha, ngoko unokubila ngequbuliso uze uzive ubanda kwaye kufuneka ufihle.
- Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo okanye isitulo: Ngenxa yezihlunu ezinwebekayo ngexesha lokubeleka, unokuvuza umchamo xa uhleka okanye ukhohlela. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokuba nobunzima bokulawula amathumbu akho. Ezi zinto ziya kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- "Iintlungu emva kokubeletha": Intlungu ehlala iintsuku ezimbalwa njengoko isibeleko sincipha sibuyele kubukhulu baso bokuqala. Le ntlungu inokuba qatha ngakumbi xa uncancisa.
- Ukuphuma kwegazi kwisini (iLochia): Emva kokubeleka, kukho ukuphuma kwegazi okuninzi kunangexesha lokuya exesheni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kuphuma kwegazi kuba mhlophe okanye kube tyheli kwaye kuyeke ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ezimbini.
Izinto zengqondo
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala neeveki emva kokuba nomntwana, ungaziva unomsindo, ulusizi, kwaye ude ulile. Oku sikubiza ngokuba "yi-baby blues." Malunga nama-80% oomama abatsha bafumana le meko. Ezi zinto ziqhelekile xa kukho utshintsho kwiihomoni, ukudinwa, kunye noxanduva olutsha.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka okanye ziba nzima, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo. Le isenokuba yimeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-postpartum depression. Kubalulekile ukufuna unyango lwayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezibonisa ukuba kuza kuqala ukuzala. Ziqaphele kwaye ungoyiki.
- Amava okuzala komama ngamnye ahlukile. Ixesha elithathwayo lahlukile. Musa ukuzithelekisa nabanye.
- Zininzi iindlela zokulawula iintlungu. Xoxa nogqirha wakho ngendlela efanelekileyo kuwe kwangaphambili .
- Emva kokuba nomntwana, uza kubona utshintsho oluninzi emzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo. Qonda ukuba ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo.
- Ukuba "i-baby blues" ihlala ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini okanye iba qatha, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Impilo yakho yengqondo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.
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