Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba amehlo ethu ahamba ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kangakanani xa sifunda incwadi, sijonga imoto endleleni, okanye sithetha nomntu? Konke oku kwenzeka phantse njengomlingo, ngaphandle kokuba siqaphele. Ngoko ke iqhawe eliphambili elisemva kwale nkqubo imangalisayo yi-oculomotor nerve, okanye oko ngokwezonyango sikubiza ngokuba yi-`(Oculomotor Nerve)`. Le yeyesithathu kwizibini eziphambili ezili-12 zemithambo-luvo ezidibene ngqo nengqondo yethu. Yiyo loo nto sikwayibiza ngokuba yi-`(CN III)`.
Ngoko ke yintoni umsebenzi we-oculomotor nerve?
Ngamafutshane, le mithambo-luvo ilawula malunga nezihlunu ezisixhenxe ezijikeleze amehlo akho. Nangona kukho imithambo-luvo emithathu ephambili ebandakanyekayo ekushukumeni kwamehlo, le yenza umsebenzi omninzi. Kufana nomphathi oyintloko eofisini.
Khawuthelekelele, amehlo akho ziikhamera ezimbini emzimbeni wakho. Ezi khamera zimbini kufuneka zijikwe, zoomiswe, kwaye zilungiswe ngokwesibane. Onke amaqhosha anxulumene nalo msebenzi akufutshane nalo mthambo.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye ngale mithambo-luvo.
| Umsebenzi ophambili | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphakamisa iinkophe | Uvula amehlo akho kusasa uze uwagcine evulekile imini yonke ngenxa yemiqondiso evela kulo mthambo. |
| Amehlo ajijekile phezulu nasezantsi | Yile nto ikuncedayo ukujonga inqwelo-moya esibhakabhakeni kunye nento ewileyo emhlabeni. |
| Ukujika amehlo ajonge empumlweni | Ukuba impukane iwela empumlweni yakho, le mithambo-luvo ijika amehlo akho ajonge ngaphakathi. |
| Ulawulo lwabafundi | Yile cilia inye enciphayo xa ivezwa lilanga elikhanyayo ukuze kuncitshiswe ukukhanya okufikelela elisweni, ize ikhule ebumnyameni ukuze ifunxe ukukhanya okungakumbi. |
| Ukugxila ngokulawula ilensi yeliso | Xa ujonga into ekude uze ngequbuliso uzame ukufunda incwadi ekufutshane, le mithambo-luvo itshintsha imilo yelensi yeliso ukuze ibone ngokucacileyo kuzo zombini iibanga. |
Kodwa khumbula, le nerve ayiyo yodwa elawula zonke iintshukumo zamehlo. Ezinye ii-nerve ezimbini zinceda kweminye imisebenzi emibini emincinci. Yi-`(Trochlear nerve / CN IV)`, enceda iliso lijike lijonge ngaphakathi, kunye ne-`(Abducens nerve / CN VI)`, enceda iliso lijike libheke ngaphandle (ngaphakathi) .
Izakhono ezikhethekileyo ngaphandle kokunyakaza kwamehlo
Le mithambo-luvo, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi, isinceda senze izinto ezininzi ngokufanelekileyo.
- Indawo Yokuhlala: Khawucinge ngomntu ekuphosa ibhola. Kungenxa yomsebenzi wale mithambo-luvo obangela ukuba ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokuyibona kakuhle ibhola, ngaphandle kokuba ingabonakali kakuhle njengoko isondela.
- Ukuskena iintshukumo zamehlo (iiSaccades): Ezi ziintshukumo ezikhawulezayo ezihambisa amehlo akho ukusuka kwelinye igama ukuya kwelinye, umgca ukuya komnye, xa ufunda iphephandaba okanye incwadi. Ziyafana naxa ujonga abantu kwigumbi ngamanye amaxesha.
- Ukulandela ngokutyibilikayo: Olu buchule lukunceda ukuba ulandele imoto endleleni okanye intaka esibhakabhakeni ngaphandle kokususa amehlo akho kuyo.
- I-Vestibulo-ocular reflex: Oku kukunceda ugcine amehlo akho engashukumi nokuba ujika intloko yakho ngokukhawuleza ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene. Isebenza kunye nenkqubo elawula ibhalansi yakho.
- I-Pupillary light reflex: Le nerve ilawula inkqubo apho umfundi weliso efinyela khona xa ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngequbuliso kubetha iliso, kwaye iyanda xa ukukhanya kuncipha.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela le mithambo-luvo?
Njengayo nayiphi na enye imithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu, imithambo-luvo ye-oculomotor ingonakaliswa zizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neengozi. Imeko apho le mithambo-luvo ingasebenzi kakuhle ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Oculomotor nerve palsy." Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezinokubakho.
| Unobangela onokwenzeka | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi | Ingakumbi isifo seswekile esingalawulwa kakuhle kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwimithambo-luvo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"ischemia." Oku kungonakalisa imithambo-luvo kwaye kubangele ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha elawulayo. |
| Ukwenzakala entloko nasebusweni | Ukwenzakala entloko okanye kwindawo ejikeleze iliso ngenxa yengozi kungonakalisa ngqo le mithambo-luvo. |
| Iintsholongwane | Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane, ezifana nesifo seLyme, zinokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo. |
| Izifo zengqondo kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo | Le mithambo-luvo ingachaphazeleka zizifo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo, ezifana nestroke , i-migraine, kunye nokuxhuzula. |
| Ukudumba | Ezinye iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba zinokubangela ukuba izicubu ezijikeleze imithambo-luvo zidumbe, njenge-multiple sclerosis (MS). Oku kudumba kungonakalisa imithambo-luvo kwaye kuphazamise ukusebenza kwayo. |
| Iithumba | Le mithambo-luvo inokuthi icinezelwe kwaye yonakaliswe ziithumba okanye iithumba eziqhelekileyo engqondweni. |
| Iimeko zokuzalwa | Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki zinokwenzeka xa umntwana ezalwa ngenxa yokuba umthambo okanye izakhiwo ezingqongileyo azikhuli kakuhle. |
Uyazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki ngale mithambo-luvo? (Iimpawu)
Ukuba kukho ubuthathaka okanye umonakalo kwi-oculomotor nerve, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ezi zisenokuqala ngequbuliso.
- Ijwabu elithontsizayo (i-ptosis): Imeko apho ijwabu elinye libonakala lithontsiza ezantsi, lingakwazi ukuvula ngokuqhelekileyo.
- I-Strabismus: Imeko apho iliso elinye lijikwa kwelinye icala, amehlo engakwazi ukukhomba kwelinye icala .
- Ukubona kabini (diplopia): Ukubona into enye njengembini.
- Ukubona izinto zingacacanga: Ukubona izinto zingacacanga, ukungakwazi ukubona kakuhle.
- Ukuxinana kwamehlo kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu inokubakho ngenxa yokuxinana kwamehlo okongezelelekileyo.
- I-Mydriasis: I-iris yelinye iliso inkulu kunelinye kwaye ayiphenduli ekukhanyeni okanye iphendula kancinci kakhulu.
Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana iimpawu ezinje, ingakumbi ukuba unentloko ebuhlungu kunye nokubona kabini, ukugoba kwamehlo, njl.njl., isenokuba yingxamiseko. Kwimeko enjalo, kuya kufuneka uye kwi- ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngokukhawuleza.
Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuthintela olu hlobo lweengxaki zemithambo-luvo?
Njengokuba sinyamekela umzimba wethu wonke, kufuneka sicinge nangempilo yale mithambo-luvo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ezi zinto.
- Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo ngonyaka kunye novavanyo lwamehlo. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
- Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya, ukuhlafuna icuba, njl.njl. Ukuba sele uyisebenzisa, cela uncedo kugqirha wakho ukuze uyeke.
- Ziphephe iingozi entloko. Nxiba isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela iibhayisekile kunye neebhayisekile. Nxiba ibhanti yesihlalo xa ukhwela iimoto.
- Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, zilawule kakuhle. Thatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha. Landela imiyalelo kanye njengoko ixeliwe.
Ekugqibeleni, le nerve ye-oculomotor yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu enceda buthule phantse kuyo yonke into esiyenzayo imihla ngemihla. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwayo, eyona nto ingcono kukungabi luloyiko okanye uloyiko, kodwa kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-oculomotor nerve yeyona mithambo-luvo iphambili elawula uninzi lweentshukumo zamehlo, ukuphakamisa iinkophe, kunye nobukhulu belihlo elimnyama.
- Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile esingalawulwa kakuhle kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zinokuyonakalisa le mithambo-luvo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokugoba kwamehlo, ukubona izinto ezimbini (ukubona izinto ezimbini), okanye ubunzima bokujika iliso elinye, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ngokulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni nokulawula ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezingapheliyo, sinokukhusela yonke inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo, kuquka nale mithambo-luvo.
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