Intsholongwane engaqhelekanga ebangela amadyungudyungu eluswini? Masifunde nge-Orthopoxvirus!

Ngaba wakha weva ngeli gama elithi 'Orthopoxvirus'? Eli lisenokuba ligama elitsha kuwe. Kodwa eli qela leentsholongwane linokubangela amaqhuma amancinci kunye namaqhuma agcwele amanzi eluswini lwethu. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinto zinokudluliselwa kuthi zivela kwizilwanyana. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje? Masibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Orthopoxvirus?

Ngamafutshane, i-Orthopoxvirus ligama elinikwa iqela leentsholongwane. Xa ezi ntsholongwane zingena emzimbeni, zibangela izilonda zesikhumba, ezinje ngamaqhuma okanye amaqhuma. Okukhethekileyo kukuba zikwabizwa ngokuba zizifo ze-'zoonotic'. Oku kuthetha ukuba ezi ntsholongwane zinokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana, kwaye zisuka kwizilwanyana ziye ebantwini. Izilwanyana ezanyisayo ezifana neenkomo, iikati, kunye neempuku ezincinci zinokuzifumana. Ngamanye amaxesha, zinokudluliselwa nakubantu. Nangona kunjalo, zimbini kuphela iintsholongwane, i-smallpox - esele itshatyalalisiwe ngokupheleleyo kwihlabathi - kunye ne -Mpox, okwangoku ezaziwa ngokuba zii-orthopoxviruses ezinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-Orthopoxvirus ezikhoyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane ezikusapho lwe-Orthopoxvirus. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Intsholongwane ye-Akhmeta
• Intsholongwane yeAlaskapox
• Intsholongwane yeCamelpox – oko kukuthi, ivela kwiinkamela.
• Intsholongwane yeCowpox – Oku kunokudluliselwa kwiinkomo.
• Intsholongwane yeHorsepox - enxulumene namahashe.
• Intsholongwane yeMpox – Usenokuba ukhe weva ngale nto kutshanje.
• Intsholongwane yeVaccinia – Le yinto esetyenziswa ukwenza ugonyo lwe-smallpox.
• Intsholongwane yeVariola – Le yintsholongwane ebangela i-smallpox endiyikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Ukuba ufumana i-Orthopoxvirus enje, uphawu oluphambili noluqondakala lula kukuqhambuka okuphakanyisiweyo, okuchazwe kakuhle, nokunamaqhuqhuva. Ezi qhuqhuva aziveli ngaxeshanye. Zikhula ngamanqanaba. Ziqala zithe tyaba, emva koko ziphakame (ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba zii-papules), emva koko zibe ngamaqhuqhuva azele lulwelo (ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba zii-vesicles), kwaye ekugqibeleni ziyagquma kwaye ziphilise. Le nkqubo yonke ingathatha iiveki ezininzi. Ezi qhuqhuva ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba buhlungu kwaye zirhawuzelele.

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsholongwane, ezi zilonda zinokuvela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Umzekelo:

• Ezandleni zakho, ingakumbi ezintendeni zakho.
• Ezinyaweni zeenyawo.
• Ngokuphathelele kwimpundu.
• Kwiindawo zesini (ipenis okanye i-vaginal).

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi:

• Intlungu yemisipha, njengomqala obuhlungu.
• Ukudumba kwee-lymph nodes, sizibiza ngokuba zii-glands ezivuvukileyo, yiloo nto kanye.

I-Orthopoxvirus isasazeka njani?

Zimbini iindlela eziphambili ezinokuthi le Orthopoxvirus isasazeke ngazo: ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini kunye nokusuka ebantwini ukuya ebantwini.

Ungayifumana le ntsholongwane kwisilwanyana esinesifo ukuba isilwanyana siyakukrwela okanye siyakuluma, okanye ukuba ulusu lwakho ludibana ngqo negazi lesilwanyana, ulwelo lomzimba, okanye izilonda zesikhumba.

Kwakhona, ungasuleleka ukuba usondelelene nomntu osuleleke yile ntsholongwane. Oku kuthetha ukuba:

• Ngokudibana namathontsi okuphefumla aphuma xa ukhohlela, uthimla, okanye uthetha.
• Ngokudibana nolwelo oluphuma kumanxeba esikhumba somguli kunye namadyungudyungu.
• Ukusuka ekunxibelelaneni okusondeleyo, njengokuqabulana nokwenza isondo.

Okwangoku, i-Orthopoxvirus ekuphela kwayo enokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye yiMpox. (I-Smallpox nayo yadluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kodwa iye yasuswa kwihlabathi ukususela ngo-1980.) Ezinye ii-Orthopoxvirus, ezifana ne-Alaskapox kunye ne-Camelpox, zidluliselwa ngokudibana nezilwanyana ezineentsholongwane.

Luhlobo luni lwezilwanyana ezithwala ezi ntsholongwane?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana ezincancisayo ezinokuthwala le Orthopoxvirus. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Izilwanyana zasekhaya ezikumakhaya ethu, oko kukuthi, abantu abanjengeekati nezinja.
• Ii-voles ezibomvu kunye nee-shrews zezona zithwala intsholongwane ye-Alaskapox.
• Izilwanyana ezincinci ezifana nee-squirrels, iimpuku, kunye neempuku zinokuthwala intsholongwane yeMpox.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-Orthopoxvirus zinokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana ngezinambuzane ezifana neenkozo.

Sichongwa njani esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ugqirha usenokucinga ukuba une-orthopoxvirus ngokusekelwe kwirhashalala yakho kunye nezinye iimpawu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, banokwenza uvavanyo oluninzi. Umzekelo:

• Isampulu yegazi lakho iya kuvavanywa.
• Kuthathwa isampulu yolwelo oluvela kwinxeba lolusu ize ivavanywe.
• Okanye ungathatha iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba (isampulu yezicubu) uze ulivavanye.

Indlela yokunyanga oku?

Ixesha elininzi, oogqirha abayinyangi i-Orthopoxvirus ngaphandle kokuba unesifo esinzima. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ukuba unesifo esinzima seMpox, unokunikwa amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-smallpox. Kwakhona, i-Vaccinia immune globulin (VIG-IV)Indlela yonyango equka ii-antibodies nayo ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndifumana intsholongwane efana nale? Ndingalindela ntoni?

Ukuba ugqirha uqinisekisa ukuba une-orthopoxvirus, uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho ekhaya kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba iimpawu zakho ziba nzima . Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala kude nabanye abantu ngelixa uneempawu. Oku kuya kukunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye.

Okwangoku, i-Orthopoxvirus ayibonakali rhoqo ebantwini. Ngaphezu koko, ekubeni i-smallpox isusiwe, uninzi lwezifo ze-Orthopoxvirus ezixeliweyo ngoku azisongeli ubomi.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-Orthopoxvirus, thetha nogqirha. Angachaza umngcipheko wakho kunye namanyathelo okuzikhusela onokuwathatha.

Ukongeza, bonana nogqirha ukuba:

• Ukuba unerhashalala entsha okanye isilonda eluswini lwakho .
• Ukuba uziva ungaphilanga kakuhle, njengomkhuhlane , iintlungu zomzimba, okanye ukudumba kwee-lymph nodes .
• Ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu okanye isilwanyana esosulelwe yi-Orthopoxvirus.

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu ezinzulu , kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka (ER) ngoko nangoko. Oku kuthetha ukuba:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
• Ubunzima obukhulu okanye obukhawulezileyo bokuphefumla.
• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ukuhlanza kakhulu okanye urhudo.
• Ukudideka okanye olunye utshintsho lwengqondo (umz., ukulahlekelwa zingqondo).
• Ubuthathaka obuhlala buhleli okanye isiyezi.

Asinakuzikhusela na kule Orthopoxvirus? Singenza ntoni?

Ewe, zikho izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele kwezi ntsholongwane. Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana enye yezi ntsholongwane, ungafumana imijovo yokulwa nezinye iintsholongwane ze-orthopox. Umzekelo, kukho imijovo ye-measles kunye ne-smallpox.

Ukongeza, unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokwenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umsebenzi wakho okanye into oyenzayo ifuna ukuba usebenzisane nezilwanyana (ingakumbi ezo zinokuthwala ezi ntsholongwane), nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela , ezifana neeglavu kunye neemaski.
• Kuphephe ukudibana nezilwanyana okanye abantu abaneentsholongwane. Oku kuquka nezilwanyana ezifileyo.
• I-OrthopoxvirusKuphephe ukuchukumisa iibhedi, impahla engcolileyo, njl.
• Pheka konke ukutya okunenyama yesilwanyana okanye iindawo zesilwanyana kakuhle.
• Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo.
• Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo . Oko kuthetha ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana neekhondom kunye namadama amazinyo.
• Ukuba unyamekela umntu osulelwe yi-Orthopoxvirus, sebenzisa izixhobo zokuzikhusela zobuqu (i-PPE) .

Ingaba i-chickenpox nayo luhlobo lwe-Orthopoxvirus?

Hayi, i-chickenpox ayisosifo esikwiqela le-Orthopoxvirus. Intsholongwane ebangela i-chickenpox yi -Varicella-zoster virus. Ikwintsapho ye-Herpes virus.

Ukususela ekuphelisweni kwe-smallpox, ukuqhambuka kwe-orthopoxvirus ebantwini bekungaqhelekanga. Kodwa ukuba bekunokwenzeka enye, ibiya kuba yindaba eyoyikisayo. Ngethamsanqa, kukho imijovo yee-orthopoxvirus ezimbini kuphela esizaziyo ezinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, i-smallpox (nangona ingekuko ngoku) kunye ne-mpox. Nangona ii-orthopoxvirus ngamanye amaxesha zisuka kwizilwanyana ziye ebantwini, amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane akhoyo kunye nonyango lwe-antibody lunokuba luncedo ekunyangeni iintlobo ezintsha ze-orthopoxviruses ebantwini.

Ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, nazi ezinye zezinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule malunga ne-Orthopoxvirus:

• Le ntsholongwane ingabangela ukurhawuzelela, okufana namaqhuqhuva esikhumba kunye namaqhuqhuva .
• Ezi zinokudluliselwa ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini, kwaye ezinye iintlobo (ngoku ziyiMpox) nazo zinokudluliselwa ukusuka ebantwini ukuya ebantwini .
• Ukulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko (ukuhlamba izandla kakuhle, ukuhlala kude nabantu/izilwanyana ezinesi sifo, ukwenza isondo esikhuselekileyo) kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezikrokrisayo (izilonda ezintsha, umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba) , okanye ubusondelelene nomntu/isilwanyana esosulelekileyo , qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kugqirha.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezinzulu (umkhuhlane ophezulu, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukudideka) , yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.

Khumbula, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi le ntsholongwane. Akukho nto yokoyika, kodwa kungcono ukuba ulumke!

I-Orthopoxvirus , iMpox, iSmallpox, Izilonda zolusu, Usulelo lwentsholongwane