Ukuba ulwa nomhlaza webele, siyazi ukuba uhambo lunokuba nzima kangakanani. Ngokuhambela phambili kwezonyango zanamhlanje, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lomhlaza webele. Yiyo loo nto inani labasetyhini abaphola kumhlaza nalo lisanda. Kodwa ngeli xesha lokulwa, usenokuba sengozini yengxaki yempilo onokuthi ungayazi. Oko kukuthi, amathambo aba buthathaka, abhitye, kwaye aphuke lula. Oku sikubiza kwezonyango ngokuthi 'i-Osteoporosis'. Ngenxa yokuba ihlala ivela ngaphandle kweempawu, abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba "sisifo esingathethiyo". Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzifundisa ngale nto.
Yintoni enxulumene nomhlaza webele kunye nokuncitshiswa kwamathambo?
Ngamafutshane, kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi komhlaza webele kunye ne-osteoporosis. Oku kungenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Cinga ngoku: Umhlaza webele uxhaphake kakhulu kubafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa ngamathambo nawo uyanda kule minyaka. Ingakumbi emva kokuya exesheni, xa amanqanaba e-estrogen emzimbeni ehla. I-estrogen yi-hormone enceda ukugcina amathambo ethu eqinile. Ngoko ke xa le hormone incipha, amandla amathambo ethu nawo aqala ukwehla kancinci kancinci.
Ukongeza, umhlaza ngokwawo ubangela ukudumba emzimbeni. Oku kwandisa isantya apho iiseli ezindala zamathambo ziqhekeka khona kwaye kunciphise isantya apho iiseli ezintsha zamathambo zenziwa khona. Esi sesinye isizathu sokuba amathambo abe buthathaka.
Izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga nama-80% abantu abasindileyo kumhlaza webele emva kokuya exesheni basengozini yokulahlekelwa bubunzima bamathambo.
Unyango lomhlaza luwenza njani amathambo abe buthathaka?
Ukulahleka kwamathambo akubangelwa ngumhlaza kuphela. Ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza nazo zinokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo oku. Ngokukodwa, unyango lwehomoni kunye ne-chemotherapy zinokubangela ukuba uxinano lwamathambo lunciphe. I-Osteopenia inokwenzeka kuqala, ize emva koko iqhubekele kwi-osteoporosis.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukulahleka kwamathambo okubangelwa lunyango lomhlaza kunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ngokuphindwe kasixhenxe kunokuba kwenzeka ngokwendalo xa umntu ekhula.
Malunga nesibini kwisithathu somhlaza wamabele sine-hormone receptor-positive. Oku kuthetha ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zikhuthazwa ukuba zikhule zii-hormone ezifana ne-estrogen. Ngoko ke unyango lwale meko lusebenza ngokunciphisa amanqanaba e-estrogen emzimbeni, okanye ngokuthintela i-hormone. Nangona oku kubalulekile ekulawuleni umhlaza, ngelishwa kukwaphuca amathambo ethu i-estrogen ayifunayo.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone ukuba zeziphi iindlela eziphambili zonyango lomhlaza ezinokuchaphazela amathambo.
| Uhlobo lonyango | Indlela echaphazela ngayo amathambo |
|---|---|
| Tamoxifen | Eli yeza lithintela ukusebenza kwehomoni i-estrogen kwiiseli zomhlaza. Nangona linyusa kancinci umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kwamathambo kubasetyhini ngaphambi kokuya exesheni, kodwa linciphisa umngcipheko kubasetyhini emva kokuya exesheni. |
| Izithinteli zeAromatase (ii-AI) | La mayeza (umz. i-Anastrozole, i-Letrozole) anciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-estrogen emzimbeni, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kwamathambo. |
| Ukucinezelwa kwamaqanda | Ama-ovari ayayeka ukuvelisa i-estrogen. Oku kungenziwa okwethutyana ngamayeza afana neGoserelin (Zoladex) okanye ngokususa ama-ovari ngokusisigxina. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa ngamathambo. |
| Unyango ngamakhemikhali | Nangona la mayeza anamandla ebulala iiseli zomhlaza, anokonakalisa namaqanda kwaye abangele ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kwasebuntwaneni, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kwamathambo. |
Ezinye izinto ezandisa umngcipheko
Ngelixa unyangwa umhlaza webele, umngcipheko wakho wokuncitshiswa kwamathambo unokuba phezulu nangakumbi ukuba ezi zinto zilandelayo ziyasebenza nakuwe:
- Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala.
- Ukutshaya.
- Ukusela kakhulu imihla ngemihla.
- Ekubeni wayekhe waphuka ngaphambili.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-steroid ixesha elide.
- Ubunzima bomzimba bungaphantsi kweekhilogram ezingama-57 (iikhilogram ezili-125).
Ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi ziyasebenza kuwe, nceda uqiniseke ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho. Akukho mfuneko yokoyika, kodwa kubalulekile ukwaziswa kwangaphambili.
Ungayijonga njani impilo yamathambo?
Ugqirha wakho unokujonga impilo yamathambo akho ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva konyango lomhlaza. Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziswa koku yi- DEXA scan .
Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu, olulula kakhulu. Lufana ne-X-ray ekhethekileyo. Lulinganisa uxinano lweeminerali zamathambo zomqolo wakho kunye ne-hip. Kungcono ukuba olu vavanyo lwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango kwaye ulugcine njengomlinganiselo osisiseko. Emva koko ungaluthelekisa kamva ukuze ubone ukuba uxinano lwamathambo akho luhlile na.
Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zinikwa njenge-T-score. Ukuba eli xabiso liyi-2.5 okanye ngaphantsi, kuthathwa njenge-osteoporosis kwaye unyango lunokufuneka.
Ngawaphi amayeza anikwayo ukuqinisa amathambo?
Ukuba unethambo eliphantsi okanye usemngciphekweni wokuqhekeka kwamathambo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuqinisa amathambo. Basebenzisa isixhobo esifana nesixhobo seFRAX ukubala umngcipheko wakho.
| Uhlobo lweziyobisi | Ukusebenza kunye nemizekelo |
|---|---|
| IiBisphosphonates | Ezi zithintela ukulahleka kwamathambo kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo. Zinikwa njengeepilisi okanye inaliti efakwa kwimithambo. Imizekelo: I-Alendronate, i-Ibandronate, i-Zoledronic acid. |
| I-Denosumab (Denosumab - Prolia) | Le yindlela eyahlukileyo kwabo bangenakusebenzisa i-bisphosphonates. Inikwa njengenaliti rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6. Oku kunciphisa nokuqhekeka kwezicubu zamathambo. |
| I-Raloxifene (i-Raloxifene - i-Evista) | Isebenza njengehomoni ye-estrogen emathanjeni, iwaqinisa. Isetyenziselwa ukuthintela nokunyanga i-osteoporosis. |
Izinto onokuzenza ngokwakho ukukhusela amathambo akho
Ukongeza kumayeza, ukutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kunokunceda ukugcina amathambo akho eqinile.
- Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D. Ezi zondlo zimbini zibalulekile emathanjeni. Udinga malunga ne-1000-1200 milligrams ye-calcium kunye ne-800-1000 international units (IU) ye-vitamin D ngosuku. Ezi zininzi kubisi nakwiimveliso zobisi, iyogathi, itshizi, imifuno eluhlaza (isipinatshi, ikale), kunye neentlanzi ezincinci (ezifana ne-sardines). Ukuba awufumani ngokwaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho, cinga ngokuthatha isongezelelo phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha .
- Yenza umthambo wokuthwala ubunzima. Izinto ezinje ngokuhamba, ukunyuka izinyuko, nokudlala ithenisi zibeka uxinzelelo emathanjeni akho kwaye ziwaqinise. Ukuphakamisa iintsimbi nokusebenzisa ii-resistance bands nako kulungile.
- Yeka ukutshaya notywala ngokupheleleyo. Zombini ezi zinto zenza amathambo abe buthathaka. Ukutshaya, ngakumbi, kunciphisa amandla omzimba okufunxa ikhalsiyam ekutyeni.
Ngexesha nasemva konyango lwakho lomhlaza, soloko uxoxa ngempilo yamathambo akho nogqirha wakho. Musa ukoyika ukubuza ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo okanye imibuzo onokuba nayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zawo (ingakumbi unyango lweehomoni) zinokwenza amathambo akho abe buthathaka kwaye zonyuse umngcipheko wakho we-osteoporosis.
- Ngenxa yokuba esi "sisifo esingathethiyo," kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku kwangethuba, kunokulinda ukuba kuvele iimpawu.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho uze ucinge ngokufumana i-DEXA scan ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ungakhusela amathambo akho ngokutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D, ukwenza umthambo othwala ubunzima, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya/utywala.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into enxulumene nempilo yakho, ingakumbi nayiphi na inkxalabo enxulumene nempilo yamathambo.
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