Umntwana wakho ukhulile ngoku, akunjalo? Utshintsha njani ukusuka kukhathalelo lwabantwana ukuya kukhathalelo lwabantu abadala?

Ixesha liyakhawuleza, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi uyakhumbula umhla owathatha umntwana wakho wamsa kugqirha wabantwana okokuqala. Kodwa, abantwana bethu abahlali bengabancinci ngonaphakade. Liyeza ixesha lokuba umntwana wakho atshintshele kwinkonzo yezempilo yabantu abadala. Olu tshintsho lunokuba nzima kakhulu kuwe nakumntwana wakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ukuba sobabini silungiselela kakuhle, olu lutshintsho olungenazingxaki ukuya ebudaleni.

Ngaba ufuna ukunceda umntwana wakho omncinci afumane ugqirha omtsha?

Xa abantwana bekhula, oko kukuthi, xa befikelela kwiminyaka yobuncinci, banokufumana ugqirha onyanga abantu abadala. Sibabiza ngokuba yiPrimary Care Physician (PCP) . Ukuchaneka, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoogqirha:

• Ugqirha wezonyango lwangaphakathi okanye ingcali yezonyango zangaphakathi - Aba ngabantu abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kunyango lwezifo zabantu abadala.
• Ugqirha wezonyango losapho - Aba gqirha banyanga lonke usapho, ukusuka kubantwana abancinci ukuya kubantu abadala. Ngoko ke ukuba umntwana wakho unokubona ugqirha ofanayo kwasebuntwaneni, kulungile oko.
• Ugqirha Jikelele (GP) - Aba bantu banyanga izifo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo.

Kwilizwe lethu, oogqirha babantwana badla ngokunyanga kuphela iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kunye nabantwana de kube sekupheleni kobutsha. Nangona kunjalo, lo mda wobudala awufani kuzo zonke iindlela zokufundisa abantwana. Kwezinye iindawo, abababoni abantwana emva kweminyaka eli-18, kwezinye iindawo banokulinda ixesha elide. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wabantwana ngale nto kwangoko nje ukuba umntwana wakho afikelele ebusheni.

Umzekelo, ukuba awunayo ugqirha wosapho ocinga ukuba umntwana wakho ufanele aye kuye, okanye ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo esinganyangekiyo esifuna iinkonzo zengcali yabantu abadala, cela ugqirha wabantwana wakho ukuba akuthumelele ingcebiso . Usenokukwazi ukucebisa ingcali yabantu abadala elungileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umntwana wakho unemeko engaqhelekanga , ukukhubazeka, okanye imeko yokuqala kwabantwana (imeko eqala ebuntwaneni) , kunokuba nzima ukufumana i-PCP okanye ingcali enyanga abantu abadala. Oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka ufumane ugqirha ozimiseleyo namava ekunyangeni abantwana abanezi meko zinzima. Ke ngoko, bubulumko ukuqala ukukhangela oogqirha abanjalo kwangethuba, xa umntwana wakho esemncinci.

Enye into, ungazama ingcali entsha ngexesha lovavanyo.Buza ukuba ungamnika na umntwana wakho ithuba lokudibana nawe. Emva koko, thetha nogqirha wabantwana omdala womntwana wakho nize nixoxe ngendlela amava amatsha ahamba ngayo, indlela izinto ezihamba ngayo, njl. Nika le nkqubo yonke ixesha elaneleyo. Emva koko, ukuba kukho into engahambanga kakuhle, umntwana wakho uya kukwazi ukubona ugqirha wabantwana omdala wakhe ude ufumane ugqirha omdala ofanelekileyo nofanelekileyo.

Masikuncede ukhethe ukhuseleko lwempilo olufanelekileyo kumntwana wakho.

Ngoku masithethe nge-inshorensi yezempilo. Ukuba umntwana wakho uxhomekeke kwi-inshorensi yakho yezempilo, ngokwe -Affordable Care Act (ACA) , umntwana wakho unokugutyungelwa yi-inshorensi yakho ade abe neminyaka engama-26 ubudala. Akunamsebenzi nokuba umntwana ukwimfundo ephakamileyo, uhlala ekhaya, uyasebenza, okanye utshatile. Basenokugutyungelwa yipolisi yakho. Kwilizwe lethu, le mithetho inokwahluka kancinci kwinkampani ye-inshorensi, nakwipolisi. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukubuza inkampani yakho ye-inshorensi ngale nto.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sempilo esisekelwe emsebenzini, eso sigubungelo sidla ngokuphelelwa lixesha xa umntwana efikelela kwiminyaka engama-26. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uqale ukukhangela isigubungelo esitsha se-inshorensi ngaphambi kwaloo mhla. Ukuba une-inshorensi ngenkqubo efana ne -ACA Health Insurance Marketplace, njengaseMelika, unokukwazi ukugcina loo inshorensi kude kube nguDisemba 31 wonyaka umntwana wakho efikelela kwiminyaka engama-26. Imeko kwilizwe lethu isenokuba yahlukile, ngoko ke funda imiqathango yepolisi yakho ye-inshorensi ngononophelo.

Ziziphi iindlela zomshuwalense zomntwana?

Iinkampani ezininzi zibonelela ngenkxaso-mali yokhathalelo lwempilo lwamaqela njengenxalenye yephakheji yeenzuzo zabasebenzi bazo. Oku kuvumela abasebenzi ukuba benze ngokwezifiso isicwangciso sabo. Kungabandakanya izinto ezifana nokhathalelo lwamazinyo, ukhathalelo lombono, ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo, kunye nokhathalelo lwezonyango oluqhelekileyo . Kunokubakho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-inshurensi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elide . Ezi zizibonelelo zonyango ozifumanayo ukuba awukwazi ukusebenza ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuza ngeendleko ezongezelelweyo.

Ukuba une-inshurensi ngomqeshi wakho, oko kukuthi, ngendawo osebenza kuyo, umntwana wakho kuya kufuneka ahlawule oku kulandelayo:

• Iprimiyamu yenyanga - Le yimali ekufuneka uyihlawule inyanga nenyanga ukuze ugcine i-inshurensi.
• Iintlawulo zokuhlawula kunye kunye neentlawulo eziphuma epokothweni ziindleko ozihlawulayo kubaboneleli beenkonzo zempilo, njengoogqirha kunye neekhemesti. Ezi ziyinxalenye yentlawulo kagqirha okanye iindleko zamayeza owahlawulayo ngepokotho yakho.

Khawucinge ukuba umntwana wakho omdala akasagutyungelwa yisicwangciso sakho se-inshurensi, kwaye akanayo i-inshurensi yezempilo ngesicwangciso somqeshi wakhe okanye somlingani wakhe. Ukuba kunjalo, banokufanelekela i-inshurensi phantsi kwenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi -COBRA (uMthetho woXolelwaniso lweBhajethi ye-Omnibus eQokelelweyo) . Lo ngumthetho wase-US ofuna ukuba zonke iinkampani ze-inshurensi yezempilo zandise i-inshurensi okwethutyana kwizicwangciso zazo zeqela ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezingama-36 kubantu ababexhomekeke kubo ngaphambili.

I-COBRA ayizenzekeli nje. Umntwana wakho kufuneka afake isicelo sayo. Kwakhona, kufuneka ufake isicelo kungekudala kuba ixesha lokufaneleka lilinganiselwe. Kodwa khumbula, iya kukubiza ngaphezulu kweprimiyamu yenyanga oyihlawuleyo njengomntu oxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho.

Nangona kungekho nkqubo ithile ye-COBRA efana nale kwilizwe lethu, ezinye iinkampani zeinshorensi zinokubonelela ngezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo njengezisombululo kwiimeko ezinjalo. Ngoko ke, jonga nakwezo zinto.

Enye indlela kukukhetha ukhuseleko lwempilo lomntu ngamnye ngeMarketplace eHealthCare.gov eMelika. Izicwangciso ezininzi zisekelwe kwingeniso yomntwana wakho omdala. Zikwaxhaswa ngemali ukuze zifikeleleke ngakumbi. Kwilizwe lethu, ungafumana iipolisi zomshuwalense womntu ngamnye ngeenkampani zomshuwalense zabucala. Ungafumana okungakumbi ngazo kwinkampani nganye.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokukodwa

Kukho iimeko ezithile ezikhethekileyo, kwaye kulungile ukuba siziqaphele nezo.

Iinkampani zeinshorensi ngokubanzi azinakwala ukhuseleko okanye zihlawulise ngaphezulu umntu onesifo esele sikhona (lo ngumthetho kumazwe amaninzi, kwaye unokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimigaqo yepolisi yakho yeinshorensi, ngoko buza ngale nto xa ufumana ipolisi yakho). Ukuba umntwana wakho unezidingo ezikhethekileyo zempilo , isicwangciso sakho seinshorensi sinokuba nesiqendu esikhethekileyo sabantwana abadala abakhubazekileyo . Oku kuvumela abantwana abadala abakhubazekileyo ukuba bahlale kwisicwangciso sabazali babo ngaphandle kwemiqathango. Jonga ukuba inkampani yakho yeinshorensi iyakunika oku na.

Abantwana abadala abakhubazekileyo banokugutyungelwa ngeenkqubo zikarhulumente ezifana neMedicaid ukuba umvuzo wabo awanele ukugubungela iindleko zeenkonzo zonyango, okanye ukuba bayafaneleka/bafumana izibonelelo ezifana ne -Supplemental Security Income (SSI) njengase-United States. Kwilizwe lethu, iSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu libonelela ngezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo kunye noncedo kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Ungajonga kwakhona loo nto.

I-Inshorensi yoKhubazeko loKhuseleko lweNtlalo (i-SSDI) eMelika yeyabo bakhubazekileyo ngaphambi kokuba bafikelele kwiminyaka engama-22 ubudala.Usenokufanelekela ne-SSDI. Ezi zibonelelo zinikezelwa kubantwana abakhubazekileyo abazali babo abahlawulele i-Social Security ubomi babo bonke bokusebenza. Ukuba abazali baswelekile, bathathe umhlala-phantsi, okanye bafumana izibonelelo zokukhubazeka, abo bantwana banokufanelekela nezi zibonelelo. Emva kweenyanga ezingama-24 ze-SSDI, banokufanelekela ne -Medicare, isicwangciso se-inshurensi sikarhulumente wase-US.

ESri Lanka, kukwakho neenkqubo ezifana ne-Employees Provident Fund (EPF) kunye ne-Employees Trust Fund (ETF) ezibonelela ngeenzuzo ezithile kwiimfuno ezithile zonyango. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iinkonzo ezininzi ziyafumaneka simahla okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi ngenkqubo yezibhedlele zikarhulumente.

Ungamnceda njani umntwana wakho omncinci ukuba abe sisigulana esinoxanduva?

Ukhathalelo lwabantu abadala lusekelwe kuxanduva lwesigulana . Oko kuthetha ukuba yonke into ukususela ekubekeni idinga ukuya kumamela ugqirha ukuya ekuthatheni amayeza akho ngexesha luxanduva lwakho. Ngaloo xanduva kuza nolawulo . Ngoko ke, umntwana wakho nguye owenza zonke izigqibo zakhe zonyango. Kwaye banelungelo lokuba yimfihlo malunga nalo lonke ulwazi lwabo lwezonyango. Ngaphandle kokuba bakhethe ukwabelana ngalo nawe, awuyi kulwazi olo lwazi. Oku kusenokuba yinto entsha kancinci, kuba xa babesebancinci, yonke into yayidlula kuwe.

Khawuthelekelele intombi okanye unyana wakho eza kubona ugqirha eyedwa. Kufuneka akwazi ukuphendula imibuzo kagqirha aze achaze ngokucacileyo izinto ezimxhalabisayo. Kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba uyayiqonda kwaye uyayilandela imiyalelo kagqirha.

Njengoko ukhula, kubalulekile ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho lwezonyango nabo bonke ababoneleli bezempilo obabonayo. Oku kuquka izinto ezifana nezifo zangaphambili, utyando, amayeza, kunye nokugonywa. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies kumayeza okanye imbali yosapho lwakho yezifo ezifana nomhlaza okanye isifo sentliziyo. Olu lwazi luya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba enze uxilongo oluchanekileyo kwaye anikezele ngonyango olungcono.

Xelela intombi okanye unyana wakho ukuba agcine iikopi zazo zonke iirekhodi zabo zonyango, kunye noluhlu lwamayeza ahlaziyiweyo. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha xa unesifo esithile, kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo . Uhlobo lovavanyo olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kwimbali yezonyango yomntwana wakho kunye neyosapho.

Ndingabanceda njani abantwana bam ukuba bathathe uxanduva lokukhathalela impilo yabo?

Ungamnceda umntwana wakho aqalise ukulawula impilo yakhe xa esemncinci. Kancinci kancinci, mvumele athathe indima ebonakalayo. Umzekelo, mvumele enze izinto ezifana nokucwangcisa amadinga kunye nokugcwalisa amayeza. Oku kwakha ukuzithemba kwakhe kwaye kubonisa abazali ukuba banokuzinyamekela.

Khawuthelekelele, xa umntwana wakho eneminyaka eli-15 okanye eli-16 ubudala, uthi kuye, 'Nyana/ntombi, zama ukwenza idinga likagqirha wakho olandelayo ngokwakho.' Ekuqaleni, usenokufuna uncedo oluncinci, kodwa emva kwexesha elithile, uya kuqhela ukukwenza eyedwa. Kungezinto ezincinci ezinje apho bafunda khona ukuthwala uxanduva olukhulu.

Utshintsho oluya kwinkonzo yokhathalelo lwempilo yabantu abadala aluphumi ngobusuku obunye. Kufuneka lwenzeke kancinci kancinci. Kodwa ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili nokuthetha ngento onokuyilindela kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuncedeni abantwana ukuba balawule inkonzo yabo yokhathalelo lwempilo xa ixesha lifika.

Ngoko ke, masidibanise oku size sikhumbule oko sithethe ngako? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Nangona ukuhambisa umntwana wakho ukusuka kwinkonzo yabantwana ukuya kwinkonzo yokhathalelo lwabantu abadala kunokuvakala ngathi linyathelo elikhulu, akuyongxaki ukuba kulawulwa ngendlela eyiyo.

• Qala kwangethuba: Qala ukukhangela ugqirha omtsha kwaye ujonge iindlela zomshuwalense xa umntwana wakho esemncinci.
• Thetha nomntwana wakho: Thetha naye ngokukhululekileyo malunga nolu tshintsho kunye noxanduva lwakhe olutsha. Mamela izimvo zakhe.
• Nceda ufumane ugqirha olungileyo: Nceda umntwana wakho akhethe ugqirha ofanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakhe nomntu anokuthetha naye ngokulula. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo esingapheliyo okanye uneemfuno ezizodwa.
• Lumka nge-inshorensi: Phanda ixesha lokugcinwa kwe-inshorensi yomntwana wakho kunye neendlela ezikhoyo ukuba ufuna i-inshorensi entsha.
• Khuthaza uxanduva: Kancinci kancinci fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba athwale uxanduva lwempilo yakhe, ulwazi lwezonyango, kunye nokubonana nogqirha. Yakha ukuzithemba kokuba angenza ezi zinto eyedwa.
• Uncedo lwakho lusafuneka: Nangona umntwana wakho emdala, ulwalathiso lwakho kunye nenkxaso yakho zibaluleke kakhulu ngeli xesha lotshintsho.

Khumbula, eli linyathelo elinye elibalulekileyo kuhambo lomntwana wakho lokuba ngumntu omdala ozimeleyo. Ngothando lwakho nenkxaso yakho, akuyi kuba nzima ukuba oyise lo mceli mngeni!

Impilo yabantwana , ukhathalelo lwempilo yabantu abadala, ukhathalelo lwezonyango lwabantwana, i-inshurensi yezempilo, impilo yolutsha, utshintsho kwezonyango, iingcebiso zokuba ngumzali