Ingaba umntwana wakho uneenyanga ezi-6 kuphela ubudala? Yiza, masifunde ngolu vavanyo lubalulekileyo lwezonyango (Uhlolo lweenyanga ezi-6)!

Umntwana wakho ngoku uneenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, akunjalo? Kuyamangalisa indlela ixesha elikhawuleza ngayo! Ezi nyanga zintandathu lixesha elibaluleke kakhulu ebomini bomntwana. Ngoko ke, uvavanyo lwezonyango, olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Well-Child Tour", ukujonga impilo nophuhliso lomntwana kwezi nyanga zintandathu kubaluleke kakhulu. Namhlanje, masithethe ngento eyenzekayo ngeli xesha lovavanyo lweenyanga ezintandathu, into omele uyilindele, nento omele uyazi. Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwezonyango?

Xa usisa umntwana wakho ekliniki, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kumhlola umntwana. Nazi ezinye zezinto eziphambili eziza kwenzeka:

1. Ukuthatha imilinganiselo yomntwana

Into yokuqala oza kuyenza kukulinganisa ubunzima bomntwana wakho, ubude bakhe, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe . Ezi zilinganiso zithathwa kwaye zirekhodwe kwitshathi ekhethekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Growth Chart." Le yindlela oogqirha abagqiba ngayo ukuba ukukhula komntwana kuyahambelana nobudala bakhe nokuba ukhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo na. Cinga ngayo njenge "ngxelo yenkqubela phambili" yomntwana wakho.

2. Ukubuza imibuzo aze akunike iingcebiso

Okulandelayo, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kukubuza ngomntwana wakho. Eli lixesha elihle lokubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo kunye nokususa nawaphi na amathandabuzo onokuba nawo. Izihloko eziphambili eziza kuxoxwa ngazo zezi:

• Ukutya:

"Ndingondla ntoni umntwana wam ngoku?" ngokuqinisekileyo uza kubuza. Ukuba awukaqali, eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuqala ukunika umntwana wakho ukutya okuqinileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, into yokuqala oyinika umntwana wakho yi-cereal ene-iron-fortified single-grain (njenge-rice porridge) okanye into efana nenyama ecoliweyo. Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba umntwana wakho uye waba neempembelelo zokutya okutsha, njengokuhlanza, urhudo, okanye amabala. Khumbula, nangona uneminyaka eli shumi, umthombo oyintloko wesondlo somntwana wakho lubisi lwebele okanye ifomyula. Ukutya okuqinileyo sisongezelelo nje.

• Ukuchama nokuphuma kwamanzi:

Emva kokuqala ukutya okuqinileyo, uza kubona utshintsho olukhulu ekuchameni komntwana wakho, ingakumbi indle yakhe. Umbala kunye nokuqina kwendle yakhe kunokutshintsha kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwinto ayityayo. Oku kuqhelekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba indle iqinile kwaye yomile, okanye ukuba kunzima ukuba umntwana wakho aphume, okanye ukuba inamanzi, ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha wakho , kulungile?

• Ukulala:

Xa sele beneminyaka emalunga neenyanga ezi-6, iintsana zilala phakathi kweeyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-16 ngosuku. Oku kuquka ukulala emini. Uninzi lweentsana ngoku zilala ubuncinane iiyure ezi-6 ngexesha ebusuku. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iintsana ezifanayo, kwaye ezinye iintsana zivuka kancinci ebusuku, nto leyo eqhelekileyo. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokulala komntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho.

• Uphuhliso noPhuhliso:

Ngoku makhe sijonge ukukhula komntwana. Okwangoku, abantwana abaninzi sele beqalile ukwenza izinto ezinje:

• Bayatshintshana ngokwenza izandi ezahlukeneyo nawe, ngokungathi bayathetha.
• Wenza isandi esithi 'fuh' 'fuh' ngomlomo (ukubetha “iiraspberries”), uhleka kakhulu.
• Ubaqonda kakuhle abantu abaqhelene nabo (umama, utata, amalungu osapho).
• Ndiyakuthanda ukuzijonga esipilini.
• Bafaka izinto abanokuzifumana ezandleni zabo emlonyeni wabo ukuze bafumane ukuba ziyintoni na (le yindlela yabo yokufunda!).
• Xa bebona into yokudlala abayifunayo, bayayibamba ngesandla.
• Xa zikhasa, ziqengqeleka ukusuka esiswini ukuya emqolo.
• Xa ukhasa, gcina iingalo zakho zithe tye uze uziphakamise ngaphezu kwesifuba sakho.
• Xa ndihleli, ndizama ukuzixhasa ngokubeka ubunzima ezandleni zam.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana wakho akakakwenzi enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zinto, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi akenzi into awayeyenza ngaphambili, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Musa ukoyika, kuba ayizizo zonke iintsana ezikhula ngesantya esifanayo. Kodwa xelela ugqirha wakho ukuze abone ukuba kukho into ekhethekileyo abanokuyikhangela okanye ukuba kukho into ekufuneka bayibukele ixesha elide.

3. Uvavanyo lomzimba

Okulandelayo, ugqirha uza kukhulula zonke iimpahla zomntwana phambi kwakho aze enze uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba. Oku kuquka ukujonga amehlo omntwana, ukumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukujonga ukuba amathambo esinqe abekwe kakuhle na, indlela umntwana ashukumisa ngayo amalungu akhe, kunye nokujonga ukuba akukho ziphene emzimbeni wakhe.

4. Ukugonywa

Okulandelayo kukunika umntwana wakho imigonyo ecwangciselwe ukunikwa. Le migonyo ibaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela umntwana wakho kwizifo ezinzulu ezifana ne-masisi kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo. Ke ngoko , kubalulekile ukunika umntwana wakho imigonyo echanekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iishedyuli zokugonya zinokwahluka kancinci kwenye kwenye. Ke ngoko, cela ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba zeziphi imigonyo ecwangciselwe ngeli xesha kunye neziphumo ezincinci (ezifana nomkhuhlane) ezinokubangelwa zizo.

5. Ukubuza ngempilo yengqondo kamama

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Uxinzelelo emva kokubeletha, imeko eyenzeka koomama emva kokufumana umntwana, ixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba sicinga. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha womntwana wakho enokubuza imibuzo embalwa malunga nempilo yakho yengqondo, okanye akucele ukuba ugcwalise iphepha lemibuzo elifutshane elibizwa ngokuba yi-"Screening Questionnaire." Oku kunokukunceda, ngoko ke nyaniseka ngento oyicingayo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela (de kube lixesha lokuhlolwa kweenyanga ezili-9)

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele kude kube luvavanyo olulandelayo, oko kukuthi, uvavanyo lweenyanga ezili-9.

Malunga nokutya neziselo

Ngeli xesha, kukho utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela umntwana atya nasela ngayo.

• Ukuba uncancisa , qhubeka uncancisa ubuncinane unyaka omnye ukuba kunokwenzeka. Okanye logama nje wena nomntwana wakho niludinga. Ukuba uyeka ukuncancisa ngaphambi konyaka omnye, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka unike ubisi oluqinisiweyo ngesinyithi. Musa ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo oluqhelekileyo nangasiphi na isizathu de abe nonyaka omnye ubudala.
• Ukunika ukutya okuqinileyo:
• Ukuba umntwana wakho unemeko yesikhumba efana ne-eczema okanye i-allergy yokutya, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nembali yezi meko (umz., i-allergy yamandongomane), qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba umnike ukutya okutsha.
• Xa uqala, nika inani elincinci le-cereal ene-single-grain eyomelezwe yi-iron (umz., umgubo werayisi, umgubo we-buckwheat) exutywe nobisi lwebele okanye ifomula, okanye inyama ecoliweyo ene-iron eninzi.
• Xa utyisa umntwana, sebenzisa icephe losana. Ungaze ufake ukutya okuqinileyo ebhotileni. Oku kunokubangela ukukrwitshwa.
• Xa umntwana wakho sele eqhele ukutya iinkozo okanye inyama ecoliweyo ngecephe, qala ukumfundisa okunye ukutya okutsha (iziqhamo ezicoliweyo, imifuno, ezinye iinkozo, okanye inyama) nganye nganye.
• Oku kubaluleke kakhulu: Yazisa ukutya okutsha kube kanye ngexesha. Linda iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine ukuze ubone ukuba umntwana wakho akanazo na iimpawu zokunganyamezelani (umz., urhudo, ukuhlanza). Kulapho ke kuphela apho kufuneka uzise okunye ukutya okutsha.
• Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo, kancinci kancinci faka ukutya okunezimo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuqala kucoliwe, uze kucoliwe, uze emva koko kube ngamaqhuma athambileyo .
• Xa uqala ukunika ukutya okuncinci (ngesiqhelo malunga neenyanga ezi-8-9), khetha iziqwenga zokutya ezincinci nezithambileyo. Ziphephe izinto ezinokukrwitshwa, njengeediliya ezipheleleyo, iziqwenga zemifuno eluhlaza (ezifana neminqathe), iidiliya ezivundisiweyo, iipopcorn, iihot dog, itshizi enzima, kunye neziqwenga ezinkulu zenyama .
• Nikela ingqalelo kwiindlela umntwana wakho azibonisayo xa elambile naxa ehluthi (umz., ukuvula umlomo wakhe xa enikwa ukutya, ukujika intloko yakhe).
• Musa ukunika umntwana wakho ijusi yeziqhamo ade abe nonyaka omnye ubudala. Endaweni yoko, mnike iziqhamo ezicoliweyo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokunika umntwana wakho izongezo ze-fluoride. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani be-fluoride emanzini kwindawo okuyo.
• Ukuba uncancisa, qhubeka unika izongezo zevithamini D. Iintsana ezincancisayo zinokufuna izongezo zesinyithi de zifumane isinyithi esaneleyo ekutyeni. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika iingcebiso ngale nto.
• Ungaze ulalise umntwana wakho ibhotile ebhedini. Oku kunokubangela ukubola kwamazinyo kunye nosulelo lweendlebe.

Ukhathalelo Lwesiqhelo

• Ukuhlamba amazinyo nokunyamekela:

Uninzi lweentsana luqala ukufumana amazinyo azo okuqala xa zineminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Ukuze unciphise ukungonwabi kwamazinyo, hlikihla iintsini zomntwana wakho ngomnwe wakho ococekileyo. Okanye, mnike into yokudlala ekhethekileyo okanye ilaphu elicocekileyo nelifumileyo ukuze alihlafune.

Akuba engene amazinyo omntwana wakho, wacoce ngelaphu elicocekileyo nelifumileyo okanye ibrashi yamazinyo ethambileyo yosana. Sebenzisa i-toothpaste enomlinganiselo werayisi ye-fluoride ukuxubha amazinyo omntwana wakho kabini ngemini. Ukunceda ekuthinteleni ukubola kwamazinyo, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa i-fluoride varnish emazinyweni omntwana wakho izihlandlo ezibini ukuya kwezine ngonyaka.

• Utshintsho ebuthongweni:

Phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 nezi-9, iintsana ezazilala kakuhle ebusuku zisenokuqala ukuvuka kube kanye okanye kabini ebusuku. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Sleep Regression". Ungakhathazeki, oku kuqhelekile. Nika umntwana wakho ixesha lokuba alale eyedwa kwakhona. Ukuba uyaqhubeka ekhala, mqinisekise ukuba ukhona, kodwa ungayi kumthatha, udlale naye, okanye umtyise. Ukwenza njalo kunokwenza kube ngumkhwa.

• Ukudlala nokufunda:

Cula iingoma, uthethe, udlale imidlalo, kwaye ufunde iincwadi zemifanekiso ezinemibala nomntwana wakho yonke imihla. Iintsana zifunda ngcono ngezi ntlobo zemisebenzi. I-TV, iividiyo ezikwiifowuni, kunye nezinye izinto ezifana neetablethi azifanelekanga kwiintsana ezikule minyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuncokola ngevidiyo nesalamane esikude kulungile.

• Indawo ekhuselekileyo:

Yenza indawo ekhuselekileyo ekhaya ukuze umntwana wakho akwazi ukukhasa, ukuqengqeleka, nokuhlola izinto ezintsha. Gcina umgangatho ucocekile kwaye ususe izinto ezincinci ezinokuba yingozi kumntwana wakho.

• Impilo kamama:

Kuqhelekile ukuba oomama abatsha bazive bediniwe, bexinezelekile, kwaye benesizungu ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba ezi mvakalelo zingaphaya kwamandla akho, okanye ukuba uziva ulusizi okanye uxhalabile ngalo lonke ixesha, musa ukuzityeshela. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye umbelekisi.

• Inkxaso yoluntu:

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nemeko yakho yokuhlala, efana nokutya, indawo yokuhlala, i-inshurensi yezempilo, njl.njl., ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto. Banokukuxelela ngezixhobo zoluntu onokuzifuna, okanye bakuthumele kumncedisi wentlalo ofanelekileyo.

ukhuseleko

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucinga ngokhuseleko ngeli xesha umntwana wakho eqala ukusokola.

• Ukulala: Hlala ulala ngomqolo umntwana wakho. Nangona kunjalo, kulungile ukuba aqengqeleke yedwa (esiswini sakhe), kuba uya kukwazi ukuqengqeleka kwakhona xa efika kuloo minyaka.
• Abahambi ngeenyawo: Ungaze usebenzise abahambi ngeenyawo beentsana nangasiphi na isizathu. Bayingozi kakhulu kwaye banokubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu. Abahambi ngeenyawo abancedi ekuhambeni ngeenyawo, kwaye banokulibazisa ukuhamba.
• Ukungahoywa: Ungaze umshiye umntwana wakho eyedwa xa evukile, ingakumbi kwindawo ephakamileyo efana nebhedi okanye ebhafini yamanzi.
• Izinto eziyingozi: Gcina izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nomchamo, izinto zokudlala, amayeza, kunye nolwelo lokucoca kwiindawo eziphakamileyo apho umntwana angenakukwazi ukufikelela kuzo.
• Isihlalo Semoto: Soloko ubeka umntwana wakho kwisihlalo semoto esijonge ngasemva kwisihlalo esingasemva xa uhamba nomntwana wakho emotweni.
• Ukukhuselwa lilanga: Khusela umntwana wakho elangeni ngqo kangangoko unako. Mgcine emthunzini, nxiba umnqwazi, kwaye umgqume ngempahla. Sebenzisa i-sunscreen (SPF 30) efanelekileyo kwiintsana kuphela ukuba umthunzi kunye nempahla aziboneleli ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo.
• Ukukhusela abantwana: Yenza ikhaya lakho likhuseleke kumntwana wakho. Hambahamba endlwini ugobile uze ukhase ukuze ubone ukuba zeziphi izinto umntwana wakho anokuzifumana kunye nokuba zeziphi ezinokuba yingozi. Gcina iingcango zivaliwe, beka amasango okhuseleko phezulu nasezantsi kwezinyuko, kwaye uvale iindawo zombane.
• Umsi ocuthwa ngumntu wesibini: Gcina umntwana wakho kude nomsi ocuthwa ngumntu wesibini kangangoko unako. Oku kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo nesifo semiphunga ebantwaneni. Ngokufanayo, umsi ocuthwa ngombane nawo uyingozi.

Izinto Ekufuneka Uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Omele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba iinyanga ezi-6 zibaluleke kakhulu kwaye zinomdla ekukhuleni komntwana wakho. Olu vavanyo lwezonyango lukunika ithuba elihle lokuxoxa ngempilo yomntwana wakho, isondlo sakhe, kunye nophuhliso lwakhe, kunye nayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo nogqirha.

Ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho nantoni na, nokuba incinci kangakanani na. Bakhona ukukunceda wena nomntwana wakho.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kuxa umntwana eneenyanga ezili-9 ubudala. Kude kube ngoko, khumbula izinto ezikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku kwaye unyamekele umntwana wakho ngothando, uthando, kunye nokhuseleko! Iminqweno emihle kuwe nakumntwana wakho!

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