Ungalucwangcisa njani utyelelo lomntwana wakho osempilweni? Makhe sijonge!

Njengomzali, iphupha lakho elikhulu, ithemba lakho elikhulu kukubona umntwana wakho ephilile kwaye onwabile. Ngoko ke, usenokuba uzibuza ukuba ngaba kufuneka ubone ugqirha nokuba umntwana wakho akaguli okanye akaqaqanjelwa. Enyanisweni, ewe! Oku sikubiza ngokuba "lutyelelo lomntwana ophilileyo". Kufana nesikhokelo sohambo olusempilweni lomntwana wakho.

Zithini iiNdwendwelo zoMntwana Osempilweni? Kutheni zibaluleke kangaka?

Ngamafutshane, ukuxilongwa komntwana ophilileyo kukuhlolwa ngugqirha umntwana wakho xa engaguli ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yakhe iyonke kunye nophuhliso lwakhe. Kufana nokuba nemoto elungiswa ngamanye amaxesha. Kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba yonke into ilungile ngaphambi kokuba ulinde ukuba kuvele ingxaki.

Khawucinge ukuba singafunda lukhulu kangakanani kwezi zifundo zokuhlolwa:

• Ngaba umntwana wakho ukhula kakuhle?: Ugqirha okanye umbelethisi wakho uza kulinganisa ubude bomntwana wakho, ubunzima bakhe, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe (kwiintsana) ukuze abone ukuba ukhula ngesantya esifanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe. Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni iingxaki ezifana nokungondleki kakuhle kwangethuba.
• Ngaba iziganeko ezibalulekileyo zokukhula zenzeka ngexesha? : Jonga ukuba umntwana wakho uyancuma, uyaqengqeleka, uyakhasa, uhamba, kwaye uthetha ngendlela efanelekileyo kubudala bakhe. Oku kuya kukunceda uchonge naziphi na iingxaki kwaye uzilungise ngokukhawuleza.
• Ngaba imigonyo inikwa ngexesha? : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana bafumane imigonyo yabo ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela eyiyo ukuze babakhusele kwizifo ezinzulu. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa, sixoxa ngaloo migonyo size sibanike leyo ifanelekileyo.
• Ithuba lokubuza imibuzo yakho : Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo malunga nokutya, ukulala, ukuziphatha, okanye ukhuseleko lomntwana wakho. Ukuthetha nogqirha nokufumana iingcebiso kuya kukunika uxolo lwengqondo oluninzi.
• Ungazichonga iingxaki ezincinci ngaphambi kokuba zibe nkulu : Ezinye iingxaki zempilo azibonisi zimpawu zinkulu kwizigaba zokuqala. Kodwa ngovavanyo olwenziwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa olunje, izinto ezifana neengxaki zokubona kunye neengxaki zokuva zinokuchongwa kwangethuba kwaye unyango lunokuqala.

"Kuqhelekile ukuya kugqirha xa umntwana egula. Kodwa kubulumko ngokwenene ukujonga impilo yomntwana wakho nokuba akaguli!"

Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala yosana: Lixesha lokubona ugqirha rhoqo!

Ukususela ngomhla umntwana wakho ozelwe ngawo ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala, kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha rhoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba nengqondo yomntwana wakho zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngeli xesha. Kwakhona, kukho ezinye izitofu ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinikwa ngeli xesha.

Sidla ngokulandela ishedyuli ekwincwadi yempilo yomntwana (i-CHDR - iRekhodi yoPhuhliso lwezeMpilo yoMntwana). Le mihla ikwabhalwe ngokweenkcukacha kuyo.

• Phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3-5 emva kokuzalwa: Ukuhlolwa kokuqala emva kokubuya ekhaya evela esibhedlele.
• Inyanga yoku-1 : Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwenyanga.
• Iinyanga ezi-2, ezi-4, ezi-6 : Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngeli xesha kunye nokugonywa.
• Iinyanga ezili-9 : Olunye uvavanyo olubalulekileyo.
• Unyaka (iinyanga ezili-12) : Ukuhlolwa ngosuku lokuzalwa lokuqala.
• Iinyanga ezili-15, iinyanga ezili-18 (iminyaka eli-1.5) : Oku kubalulekile.
• Iminyaka emi-2 (iinyanga ezingama-24), iminyaka emi-2.5 (iinyanga ezingama-30), iminyaka emi-3 : Ngeli xesha, kukwajongwa nophuhliso lomntwana, amandla akhe okuthetha, kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe.

Njengakwezinye iindlela zokuhlola, ugqirha uza kulinganisa ubunzima bomntwana wakho, ubude bakhe, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe. Baza kukubuza malunga nokutya komntwana wakho, imikhwa yakhe yokulala, kunye nemisebenzi yakhe. Baza kujonga namehlo, iindlebe, intliziyo, kunye nemiphunga yomntwana wakho. Musa ukoyika ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo onokuba nayo, nokuba yeyona incinci. Umzekelo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza, "Gqirha, umntwana wam akakakhaseli okwangoku. Ngaba yingxaki leyo?"

Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uhlolwa kwangethuba:

• Ukuncancisa kunye neSondlo : Ukuba uncancisa, siza kuthetha ngokuba sele uqalile na ukutya okuncedisayo, kunye nendlela yokukunika.
• Ukulala : Uxoxa ngeendlela zokulala zomntwana kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuvela.
• Ukhuseleko : Inika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabantwana ekhaya naxa bedlala.
• Ukuqaqanjelwa kwamazinyo : Sithetha ngezinto ezibangela ukuqaqanjelwa kwamazinyo nendlela yokugcina amazinyo akho ecocekile.

Abantwana abakwiminyaka yokuqala neyokuqala isikolo: Ngaba kufuneka siye kuhlolwa ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka?

Emva kokuba umntwana egqibe iminyaka emi-4, kufuneka aye kuhlolwa impilo yakhe kube kanye ngonyaka. Ngeli xesha, umntwana uya kwisikolo sabantwana abancinci, aze aqale isikolo. Ngoko ke, lixesha apho ubomi bakhe buza kuba notshintsho olukhulu.

Kule minyaka, izinto esizijongayo ngexesha lokuhlolwa zahlukile kancinci.

• Ukujonga ukukhula rhoqo : Ngokujonga izinto ezifana nobude, ubunzima, kunye nexabiso le-``BMI - Body Mass Index```, siqinisekisa ukuba ukukhula komntwana kuhamba kakuhle.
• Ukubona nokuva : Impilo yezi zivamvo zimbini ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle esikolweni. Ke ngoko, kwenziwa uvavanyo olukhethekileyo kuzo.
• Ubuchule bokufunda kunye nokuziphatha : Uza kubuzwa ngezinto ezifana nokuba umntwana wakho uqhuba njani esikolweni, ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela aziphethe ngayo, kunye nokuba unjani xa ekunye nabahlobo bakhe.
• Ii-Booster Vaccines: Ezinye ii-vaccine zifuna ii-booster doses ukuze zihlale zikhuselekile. Oku kuxoxwa ngako ngexesha lokuhlolwa.
• Ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga : Siza kuxoxa ngendlela umntwana atya ngayo kunye nokuba uyasebenza na, size sinike iingcebiso ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Khawucinge nje, ngamanye amaxesha umntwana unokuba nobunzima bokufunda eklasini kuba engakwazi ukubona ibhodi kakuhle. Kodwa usenokungayithethi loo nto. Ukuba into efana nale ifunyenwe ngokuhlolwa, iya kuyichaphazela kangakanani ikamva lomntwana lonke?

Ulutsha: Masinyamekele impilo yabo nabo!

Olu vavanyo lwempilo lwaminyaka le lubalulekile njengoko abantwana bekhula kwaye befikelela kwinqanaba lokufikisa (malunga neminyaka eli-11/12 ukuya kweli-18/21 ubudala). Ngeli xesha, batshintsha kakhulu emizimbeni yabo nasezingqondweni zabo.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokukodwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwabantwana abakule minyaka:

• Ukufikisa kunye notshintsho oluhambelanayo : Ukuthetha ngezinto ezifana notshintsho lomzimba kunye nokuya exesheni (kumantombazana) kuyabanceda basombulule iingxaki kunye nemiba yabo.
• Impilo Yengqondo : Izinto ezifana noxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba zinokuvela ngeli xesha. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngempilo yengqondo yomntwana wakho.
• Iindlela Zokuziphatha Ezinobungozi : Inxalenye yolu vavanyo kukufundisa umntwana ngezinto ezinje ngokutshaya nokusebenzisa iziyobisi nokumnceda aziphephe.
• Impilo yesondo kunye neMfundo : Ibonelela ngolwazi oluhambelana neminyaka malunga nempilo yesondo kunye neendlela ezikhuselekileyo.
• Indlela Yokuphila Esempilweni : Sikukhuthaza ukuba uhlakulele imikhwa enempilo ngokuthetha ngezinto ezinje ngokutya okunesondlo, ukuzilolonga ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokulala kakuhle.
• Ukulungiselela ikamva : Bafundiswa ukuthwala uxanduva ngempilo yabo njengabantu abaselula.

Kukwangumbono omhle ukunika umntwana wakho ithuba lokuthetha nogqirha eyedwa kule minyaka. Ngale ndlela, banokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngezinye zezinto ezisengqondweni yakhe.

Izinto onokuzenza xa usiya kugqirha

Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kolu vavanyo lwempilo-ntle, nawe ungenza amalungiselelo amancinci.

• Bhala phantsi imibuzo yakho : Ukuba ubhala phantsi izinto ofuna ukuzibuza ugqirha ephepheni kwangaphambili, akuyi kulibala nto.
• Thatha irekhodi yempilo yomntwana (CHDR) : Iluncedo kakhulu kugqirha kuba iqulethe zonke iinkcukacha malunga nokukhula komntwana, ugonyo, njl.
• Xela inyani : Nika ugqirha ulwazi oluyinyani malunga nokutya komntwana wakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe. Kulapho kuphela apho banokukunika khona icebiso elichanekileyo.
• Bandakanya umntwana wakho : Ukuba umntwana wakho mdala kancinci, mbuze imibuzo uze umvumele aveze izimvo zakhe.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukutyelela umntwana wakho kwiZiko lokuNceda Umntwana akupheleli nje ekuhlolweni ngugqirha. Kulutyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kwikamva elisempilweni lomntwana wakho.

• Ungaphoswa zezi zilingo. Nokuba umntwana wakho akaguli, mse kwangethuba ukuze ahlolwe.
• Olu luhambo oluza kuqhutywa nguwe nogqirha. Thetha nogqirha ngayo yonke into esengqondweni yakho, ubuze imibuzo.
• Ngokubona iingxaki kwangethuba, unokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Akukho nto yanelisayo ngaphezu kokubona umntwana wakho ekhula esempilweni, onwabile, kwaye enamandla. Ngoko ke, ezi mvavanyo zempilo ziya kuba luncedo kakhulu kuloo nto!

"Ukuhlolwa kweMpilo-ntle, Utyelelo loMntwana Osempilweni, Impilo yoMntwana, Ukugonywa, Iziganeko zoPhuhliso, Uphuhliso loMntwana, Ingcebiso yoBuzali