Ingaba utywala buyingozi kumntwana osesiswini? Masithethe nge-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)!

Ixesha olilindeleyo ukuba ngumama likhethekile kakhulu, akunjalo? Kwangaxeshanye, zininzi izinto ekufuneka uzicingele umntwana osesiswini. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela elichaphazela ngayo usana ukuba umama usela utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-fetal alcohol syndrome, okanye `(Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - FAS)` kwisayensi yezonyango.

Yintoni i-fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?

Ngamafutshane, ukuba umama usela utywala (ibhiya, iwayini, okanye utywala) ngexesha lokukhulelwa, oko kunokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana esibelekweni, okubangela iziphene ezahlukeneyo zokuzalwa kunye neengxaki zokukhula. Zonke iingxaki ezinokubakho kumntwana ngenxa yolu hlobo lotywala zibizwa ngokuba yi- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) . Ezi ziquka iintlobo ngeentlobo zeengxaki zomzimba, zokuziphatha, kunye nokufunda. Eyona ngxaki inzima kwezi FASD yi-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) .

Le meko (FAS) ichaphazela njani iintsana?

Kulungile, ngoko ke zeziphi iziphumo ezinokubakho kumntwana onesi simo esithi "(FAS)"? Makhe sibone.

Okokuqala, ungaphawula utshintsho oluthile kwinkangeleko yobuso bomntwana . Umzekelo:

• Amehlo asenokuba mancinci kunesiqhelo.
• Umlebe ongasentla unokuba mncinane kakhulu .
• Ukugoba phakathi kwempumlo nomlebe ongentla (oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba yi-'philtrum') kusenokuba tyaba kwaye kungabonakali ngokucacileyo.

Okulandelayo, ukukhula komntwana kusenokungakhuli kakuhle. Oku kuthetha ukuba:

• Kukho ithuba lokuba umntwana uza kuncipha umzimba aze abe nentloko encinci xa ezalwa.
• Kusenokwenzeka ukuba basenokungakhuli babe bade okanye batyebe njengoko bekhula, njengabanye abantwana.

Enye into exhalabisayo kukuba kungenzeka ukuba umntwana azalwe eneziphene.

• Iingxaki zentliziyo zinokubakho.
• Iingxaki zamathambo nezintso zinokubakho.
• Kwakhona, ukulahleka kokubona nokuva kuxhaphakile phakathi kwaba bantwana.

Iingxaki ze-neurologic nazo zinokwenzeka.

• Abanye abantwana banokuba nesifo sokuxhuzula .
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda , ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, kunye nokuncipha kokulungelelanisa izinto nako kunokubonwa.

Ukukhula okucothayo kubonakala ebantwaneni. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokuba buthathaka kunabanye abantwana ekwenzeni izinto ezifanelekileyo kwiminyaka yabo (umzekelo, ukuthetha, ukuhamba, ukudlala).

Iingxaki zokuziphatha nazo ziyinto exhalabisa kakhulu kule meko.

• Iintsana ezincinci kakhuluIngazibonakalisa kwizinto ezifana nokulila rhoqo, ukucaphuka, kunye nobunzima bokulala.
• Xa ukhula kancinci, oko kukuthi, abantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo nabantwana abancinci, ungabona izinto ezinje:
• Ukungabikho kolungelelwaniso, kunye nobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi emihle (umz., ukucofa amaqhosha, ukubhala ngepensile) (izakhono ezingezizo zokusebenzisa iimoto kakuhle).
• Unengxaki yokuhlalisana kakuhle nabahlobo kunye nokunxibelelana nabanye abantu.
• Iingxaki zokufunda, ingakumbi ukungakwazi ukubala, inkumbulo ebuthathaka, kunye nezakhono ezingezizo zokusombulula iingxaki .
• Iindlela zokuziphatha ezifana nokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo , ukunganikeli ngqalelo kunye nokugxila kancinci, kunye nokungakhathali.

Abantwana abanezinye ii-FASD baneengxaki ezifanayo, kodwa azibi nzima njengabo bane-FAS.

Ifunyanwa njani i-fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?

Ugqirha udla ngokuxilonga le meko ngokujonga iimpawu zosana (ezifana notshintsho lobuso esixoxe ngalo ngaphambili, ukulibaziseka kokukhula, njl.njl.) nangokufumanisa ukuba umama usele utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kulula ukufumanisa ukuba umama usele utywala na. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu zabantwana azibonakali kangako, okanye ukuba i-"FASD" incinci, kunokuba nzima ukuyixilonga.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba akukho vavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo okanye olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango ukuqinisekisa le meko (FAS).

Ngoko ke, umntwana udla ngokuthunyelwa kwiqela leengcali ukuze axilonge ngokuchanekileyo imeko. Eli qela lingabandakanya:

• Ugqirha ogxile ekukhuleni nasekuphuhliseni umntwana (ugqirha wezifo zabantwana)
• Ugqirha ogxile kwizifo ezinxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (ingcali yemithambo-luvo)
• Ingcali yemfuza
• Ingcali yokunyanga iingxaki zokuthetha ngumntu onyanga iingxaki zokuthetha.
• Ingcali yezonyango zomsebenzi - umntu onceda abantu baphuhlise izakhono ezifunekayo ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• Ingcali yezengqondo

Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga oku?

Enyanisweni, akukho nyango lwe-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) okanye ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene noko (FASDs). Oko kukuthi, ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa, oko akuthethi ukuba asinakwenza nto. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa le ngxaki kwangethuba. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunceda umntwana afikelele kwisakhono sakhe esipheleleyo aze aphumelele ebomini.

Izinto ezinje ngezi zinokuba luncedo olukhulu kumntwana wakho:

• Iinkonzo zokungenelela kwangethuba : Ukubonelela ngenkxaso noqeqesho olufunekayo kwasebuntwaneni.
• Inkxaso yemfundo ekhethekileyo esikolweni : Ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyenzelwe iimfuno zokufunda zomntwana.
• Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango :
• Unyango lolwimi lokuthetha: Ukuphucula izakhono zokuthetha nezolwimi.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Lukunceda ukuba wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (umz., ukunxiba, ukutya, ukubhala) ngokuzimela.
• Unyango lomzimba: Ukuphucula izinto ezifana nokuhamba komzimba kunye nokulinganisela.
• Iiklasi ezifundisa izakhono zentlalo : Zifundisa izinto ezinje ngendlela yokuhlalisana kakuhle nabanye kunye nendlela yokwenza abahlobo.
• Ukunika iingcebiso nogqirha wezempilo yengqondo : Kunceda umntwana nosapho ukuba bajongane noxinzelelo lwengqondo oluhambelana nale meko.

Ukongeza, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha banokunika amayeza okulawula ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho kwi-FAS (umzekelo, i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ukudakumba, ukuziphatha okunobundlobongela, iingxaki zokulala, kunye nexhala) .

Kukho iinkqubo ezibonelela ngoqeqesho olukhethekileyo kubazali nakubanakekeli. Ngazo, ungafumana ukuqonda okungcono kwendlela yokunyamekela umntwana onje kunye nendlela yokujongana neempawu zokuziphatha ezinengxaki ezinokuvela kumntwana.

Ngaba le meko ayinakuthintelwa?

Le yeyona ndaba ilungileyo nebaluleke kakhulu kweli bali liphela! Ewe, i-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) kunye nezinye ii-FASD zinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo!

Khawucinge nje, kwanakwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo, unobangela ophambili weziphene zokuzalwa kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo okunokuthintelwa kukusebenzisa utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngoko ke, le yinto esezandleni zethu.

Uyithintela njani ke le nto? Kulula kakhulu:

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukuphepha ukusela naluphi na uhlobo lotywala (ibhiya, iwayini, utywala, njl.njl.) ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

• Ukuba ulindele umntwana, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe, kufuneka uyeke ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo ukususela ngelo xesha.
• Nokuba ubusela utywala ngexesha ukhulelwe ungaqondanga, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuyeka ukusela kwangoko wakufumanisa. Okukhona uyeka ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona impilo yomntwana wakho ingcono.

Kutheni oku kubaluleke kangaka? Kuba utywala obuselwa ngumama bunokunqumla lula i-placenta (izicubu ezinika umntwana ukutya, isiselo, kunye neoksijini) zingene emzimbeni womntwana. Ngoko ke,Akukho tywala bukhuselekileyo onokubusela ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nokuba butywala obuncinci bunokulimaza umntwana osakhula, bunyuse umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu, kwaye bubangele ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Singabanceda njani abazali?

Abantwana abane-FASD badla ngokuba nobuhlobo kakhulu, bonwabile, kwaye bathanda ukudlala nokuthetha nabanye. Yiyo loo nto. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyamekela nokukhulisa umntwana onesi sifo kunokuba ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kubazali nakubanakekeli. Kuba aba bantwana banokuba neengxaki zomzimba, zokufunda, kunye nokuziphatha ubomi babo bonke.

Ngoko ke ungenza ntoni?

• Sebenzisa iinkonzo zokungenelela kwangethuba esizixubushe ngaphambili kunye nenkxaso evela kwisikolo somntwana wakho .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudala ikhaya elizinzileyo, elinothando, nelikhuselekileyo kumntwana wakho. Olu hlobo lwendawo lunceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni iziphumo ze-FASD. Umntwana wakho udinga ukuziva ethandwa kwaye ekhuselekile.
• Musa ukoyika ukucela uncedo xa ulufuna. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha womntwana wakho okanye iqela lezempilo (njengabagqirha bezonyango, abacebisi) abanyanga umntwana wakho. Yabelana ngemibuzo neemvakalelo zakho.
• Nina (bazali, abagcini) kufuneka nicinge ngawe kunye nomntwana wenu. Impilo yenu yengqondo neyomzimba nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, joyina amaqela enkxaso kwaye ucele uncedo lomcebisi. Ukuthetha nabanye abaye baba namava afanayo kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla.
• Kwakhona, ukuba umzali okanye umntu onyamekela umntwana uxhomekeke etywaleni, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango kunye noncedo lwaloo nto. Ukufumana uncedo kwingxaki yakho kubaluleke njengokunceda umntwana wakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule!

Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule malunga nemeko esithethe ngayo namhlanje ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - FAS":

• Musa ukusela utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nokuba yithontsi. Leyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela umntwana wakho.
• I-FAS yimeko enokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Ixhomekeke kwisigqibo esenziwa ngumama.
• Ukuba umntwana ufunyaniswe ene-FAS okanye enye i-FASD, musa ukoyika. Kubalulekile ukuqala unyango oluyimfuneko kunye nonyango ngokukhawuleza kwaye wenze imeko-bume yothando nenkxaso kumntwana.
• Awuwedwa. Ungoyiki ukucela uncedo uze ufumane inkxaso. Oogqirha, abagqirha bezonyango, kunye namaqela enkxaso bakhona ukukunceda.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nosapho lwakho!

Isifo sotywala esingenamntwana, i - FAS, ukukhulelwa, utywala, iziphene zokuzalwa, iingxaki zokukhula