Ngaba umntwana wakho wenza izinto ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo? Okanye ngaba unesifo sokungakhathali okanye sokungakhathali?

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba umntwana wakho ngamanye amaxesha wenza into efanayo rhoqo, okanye ucinga ngezinto ezithile ngokungeyomfuneko? Mhlawumbi ayiqhelekanga loo nto. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo, ethi `(Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)` okanye `(OCD)` ngamafutshane. Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku, kuba ukuqaphela oku linyathelo lokuqala.

Yintoni le ``(OCD)``? Masiqonde ngqo?

Ngamafutshane, i-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder yimeko apho umntwana enengcinga ezingafunekiyo, ezingalawulekiyo neziphazamisayo (esizibiza ngokuba "zii-Obsessions"), kunye noxinzelelo olubangelwa zezo ngcinga kunye nomnqweno wokwenza izinto ezithile ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze akhulule uloyiko (esizibiza ngokuba "zii-Compulsions" okanye "iiRituals"). Cinga ngayo njengomjikelo ombi. Umntwana ukhathazwa zezi ngcinga, kodwa xa engenakukwazi ukuzinqanda, uziva ngathi kufuneka enze into ethile ukuze akhulule uxinzelelo.

Oku kunokwenzeka kubantwana abancinci kunye nabantwana abadala, oko kuthetha ukuba abantwana abancinci. Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unokuba ne-OCD, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukuthetha nogqirha womntwana wakho okanye umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo . Banokukunceda ubone ukuba yi-OCD okanye kukho esinye isizathu seempawu zomntwana wakho.

Ziziphi iimpawu onokuzibona njengomzali?

Iimpawu ezinokubonwa kumntwana one-OCD zinokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili. Ezi yi-Obsessions (iingcinga eziphazamisayo) kunye ne-Compulsions (izenzo ezibangelwa zezo ngcinga).

Zinjani ezi ngcinga ziphazamisayo ('Iingcinga Ezingapheliyo')?

Ezi ziingcinga ezifika engqondweni yomntwana wakho ngamaxesha onke, kwaye akanakuyeka ukucinga ngazo nangona ecinga ukuba akufanele azicinge . Umntwana akafuni ukucinga ngezi zinto, kodwa akanakulawula iingcinga zakhe. Njengomzali, unokuzibona ezi njengoloyiko olugqithisileyo kunye nokuxhalaba emntwaneni wakho. Abantwana abane-OCD banokuba nexhala elingaqhelekanga okanye boyike izinto ezifana nezi:

• Uloyiko olugqithisileyo lweentsholongwane, ukungcola, izifo, kunye neengozi : Umzekelo, boyika ukuba nokubona iqhekeza elincinci lokungcola kuya kubangela ukugula okunzulu.
• Ukuhlala uxhalabile ngomntu ogulayo, ofumana ingozi, okanye ofayo : Ukuhlala ucinga ukuba kukho into embi eza kwenzeka kumntu omthandayo.
• Imvakalelo yokuba ezinye izinto azikho kwindawo yazo, azikho kwindawo yazo : Nokuba iincwadi azikho kwindawo yazo etafileni, zisenokungahambi kakuhle.
• Uloyiko lokuba iingcinga ezimbi ziya kwenzeka ngenene : Kukho uloyiko olukhulu lokuba ingcinga embi efika engqondweni iya kwenzeka ngenene.
• Ukuziva ngathi izinto azilunganga, azifani, azifani 'njengoko kufanele ukuba zinjalo' : Xa unxiba iikawusi ezimbini, imivimbo emibini kuzo zombini kufuneka ibe kwinqanaba elifanayo, kungenjalo aziyi kuziva zilungile.

Zithini ezi 'Zinyanzeliso' / 'Amasiko'?

Ezi zezinye nje zezo ngcinga ziphazamisayo.Izinto umntwana azenzayo ukuze afumane isiqabu nokunciphisa uloyiko lokuba kuza kwenzeka into embi. Umntwana ucinga ukuba ngokwenza ezi "(amasiko)" banokuziyeka ezo ngcinga zimbi baze basuse uloyiko. Ngokuchanekileyo, bacinga ukuba banokuthintela into embi ukuba yenzeke.

Njengomzali, ungabona izinto ezinje:

• Kukho ukuchukumisa okungaqhelekanga, ukunqonqoza, kunye nezitebhisi : umzekelo, xa ungena emnyango, unqonqoza kwiqhosha lomnyango kathathu.
• Ukucwangcisa izinto ngendlela efanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo : Ukuzama ukubeka amathoyizi ngokulandelelana okufanayo, ngendlela efanayo.
• Amagama, iziqwenga zezivakalisi, imibuzo iyaphindwa kwaye ibuzwe : Umbuzo ofanayo ubuzwa kuwe izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini.
• Ndisoloko ndiziva ndithandabuza, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukwenza izigqibo : Ndichitha iiyure ndicinga nangezinto ezincinci.
• Bahlamba baze bacoce kakhulu : Bahlamba izandla zabo ixesha elide, kwaye bahlamba izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini.
• Ukuzinika ixesha elininzi lokunxiba, ukuhlamba, ukutya, okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya : Nemisebenzi yesiqhelo ithatha ixesha elingeyomfuneko.

Cinga ngako oku, ngamanye amaxesha abantwana bade babandakanye abazali babo kwezi `(Amasiko)`. Ekuqaleni, usenokungaqondi nokuba `liSiko`. Umzekelo, umntwana unokukubuza into efanayo kaninzi, ezama ukufumana isiqinisekiso ngokuthi, ``Ngaba konke kulungile, Mama/Tata?'' Okanye, umntwana unokukunyanzela ukuba uthethe into ethile amaxesha athile, okanye uyenze ngendlela ethile.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba abantwana abane-OCD banokuba ne-Obsessions kuphela, i-Compulsions kuphela, okanye zombini.

Umntwana uvakalelwa njani ngale meko?

Enyanisweni, iimpawu ze-OCD zinzima kakhulu kwaye ziyabakhathaza abantwana. Nangona ezi zithethe zingabanceda ekuqaleni, ziyanda kancinci kancinci endaweni yokuncipha . Oku kuthatha ixesha elininzi namandla, ngoko umntwana ulahlekelwa lixesha lezinto azonwabelayo, njengokufunda okanye ukudlala nabahlobo.

Iingcinga, iimvakalelo, kunye namasiko e-OCD zibamba umntwana kumjikelo woxinzelelo . Oku kwenza kube nzima ukugxila emsebenzini wesikolo, ukonwaba nabahlobo, ukulala kakuhle ebusuku, kunye nokuphumla.

Ungambona umntwana ngolu hlobo:

• Ndihlala ndixhalabile kwaye ndisoyika.
• Ukhawuleza abe nomsindo, aphazamiseke, aze abonise ukucaphuka.
• Ubonakala edakumbile, ediniwe, kwaye ediniwe.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukwenza loo nto ``(Isiko)'', uza kukhathazeka kakhulu kwaye ukhathazeke.
• Ndihlala ndibuza abazali bam, "Ngaba yonke into ilungile?" kwaye ndilindele ukuqinisekiswa.

Abanye abantwana ababaxeleli abazali babo ngezi ngcinga, uloyiko, kunye nezenzo. Baziva beneentloni kwaye bedidekile ngaloo nto, ngoko ke bayayigcina kubo. Ngamanye amaxesha bade bazame ukufihla amasiko abawenzayo. Ngexesha abazali beqonda, umntwana usenokuba ebenezi mpawu ze-OCD ixesha elide.Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela utshintsho kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo nakwiimvakalelo zakhe.

Ngoko ke zeziphi iindlela zonyango zale `(OCD)`?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-OCD yimeko enokunyangeka .

Unyango oluphambili nolusebenzayo lwe-OCD yiCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Olu luhlobo lonyango olunikwa ngumcebisi oqeqeshiweyo, ugqirha wengqondo, okanye ingcali yezengqondo.

Kule `(Therapy)`, abantwana bafundiswa iindlela zokulawula ixhala labo nokuzola iingqondo zabo. Kwakhona, bafundiswa kancinci kancinci ukujongana noloyiko lwabo nokuhlala nalo ngaphandle kokwenza loo `(Rituals)`. Oku kubizwa ngokuba `(Exposure and Response Prevention)` okanye `(ERP)`, kwaye yinxalenye ye `(CBT)`.

Kunye nonyango, oogqirha bakwacebisa amayeza kwabanye abantwana abane-OCD. Ayilonyango lomntu wonke, kodwa kuphela kwabo baludingayo. Uhlobo oluphambili lwamayeza olunikwa abantwana abafuna amayeza yi-SSRIs, okanye i-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngala magama: iZoloft®, iProzac®, kunye neLuvox® zeli qela. La mayeza asebenza ngokulinganisela umsebenzi weekhemikhali ezithile engqondweni (ii-neurotransmitters).

Ukuze unyango luphumelele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba omnye wabazali aye kunyango lomntwana. Emva koko nawe ungafunda indlela yokusabela kwiimpawu zomntwana ze-'(OCD), indlela yokuziqhelanisa nezinto ozifundayo kunyango lomntwana, kunye nendlela yokuxhasa umntwana yonke imihla.

Ndingamnceda njani umntwana wam?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-OCD, zininzi izinto ezixabisekileyo onokuzenza.

Thetha nomntwana.

Thetha nomntwana wakho ngento oyibonileyo ngendlela exhasayo nenothando . Mamela ngononophelo into ayithethayo umntwana wakho. Zama ukuqonda umntwana wakho ngaphandle kokumgxeka. Umzekelo, ungabuza, "Nyana/ntombi yam, ndikubonile usebenza nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikawusi zakho ziyafana. Ndiyabona ukuba uphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu lokuba uzilungise. Uziva njani ngelo xesha?"

Xelela umntwana wakho ukuba olu xhala kunye nokuziphatha kusenokubangelwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"OCD." Xelela umntwana wakho ukuba angabonana nogqirha ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye, ukuba yinto enokunyangeka, kwaye uhlala ukhona ukumnceda .

Bona ingcali.

Yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha wengqondo wabantwana okanye ingcali yezengqondo. Ugqirha wakho wosapho angakuthumela kumntu ofanelekileyo koku. Ukuze afumanise ukuba une-OCD, uza kuthetha nawe nomntwana wakho, abuze imibuzo malunga neempawu zomntwana wakho, aze akhangele iimpawu ze-OCD. Ukuba ufunyaniswe ene-OCD, uza kukuchazela iindlela zonyango.Oku akuyonto ifanele ibe neentloni, luphawu nje lokuba umntwana udinga uncedo.

Thatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kunyango lomntwana wakho

Inxalenye yonyango kukukuqeqesha njengomzali ngendlela yokuphendula kwiimpawu ze-OCD zomntwana wakho. Funda zonke iindlela onokunceda ngazo . Funda indlela yokuxhasa uphuhliso lomntwana wakho ngaphandle kokulandela amasiko akhe. Sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze uncede umntwana wakho.

Linda.

Ukuyeka i-OCD ayisiyonto eyenzeka ngobusuku obunye, yinkqubo . Kuza kubakho imihla emihle, kuza kubakho imihla enzima. Kuya kufuneka uye kwiiseshoni ezininzi zonyango. Qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke. Nceda umntwana wakho aziqhelise oko kufundiswa yingcali yonyango ekhaya. Mncome umntwana wakho nangomzamo omncinci. Thetha izinto ezinje, "Usebenze nzima kakhulu namhlanje kwaye wenze oku, ndiyaziqhenya ngawe." Soloko ukhumbuza umntwana wakho ukuba i-OCD ayilotyala lakhe.

Fumana inkxaso uze uyinike abanye.

Kukho izixhobo ezininzi kunye nemibutho yokuxhasa enokunceda iintsapho ezijongene ne-OCD. Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezifana ne-International OCD Foundation ezibonelela ngolwazi kwi-intanethi. Ukwazi ukuba awuwedwa kunokukunceda uhlangabezane nale ngxaki. Ukwabelana ngamabali empumelelo nabanye abazali kunokukunika ithemba nokuzithemba.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo?

Kulungile, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• Isifo Sokuxhalaba Okugqithisileyo (OCD) sisifo sengqondo esinyangekayo esinokunyangwa esichaphazela abantwana. Sibonakaliswa ziingcinga ezingafunekiyo neziphazamisayo (ukuxhalaba) kunye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo (ukunyanzelwa/amasiko) okwenziwayo ukuze kulawulwe.
• Asikuko oku kuphosakele komntwana, kwaye asikuko nakuwe njengomzali. Ezi zinto zinokwenzeka nakubani na.
• Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo (i-CBT, amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko) kunokubonelela ngoncedo kumntwana kwaye kubuyisele ubomi bomntwana kwisiqhelo.
• Uthando lwabazali, ukuqonda, inkxaso, kwaye ingakumbi umonde kubaluleke kakhulu kumntwana kolu hambo.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo nokuba mancinci kangakanani ngomntwana wakho, musa ukuba neentloni, ungoyiki, kwaye ungalibazisi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Leyo yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kumntwana wakho.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Ngolwazi oluchanekileyo nenkxaso, ungamelana nale meko ngempumelelo.

I- OCD, Isifo Sokuxhalaba Ngokugqithisileyo, Impilo Yengqondo Yabantwana, Ukuxhalaba Ngokugqithisileyo, Ukunyanzelwa, I-CBT, Ingcebiso Yokukhulisa Abantwana, ISri Lanka, IsiSinhala, Isifo Sengqondo