Ngaba umntwana wakho une-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)? Nceda wena njengomzali!

Ukunyamekela umntwana one-ADHD kunokuba nzima ngamanye amaxesha, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo ngale meko kwaye unceda umntwana wakho ngendlela eyiyo, ngokuqinisekileyo ungenza ubomi bakhe bube yimpumelelo ngakumbi. Makhe sithethe ngakumbi ngale nto.

Yintoni i-ADHD? Ibachaphazela njani abantwana?

Ngamafutshane, i-ADHD, okanye i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , yimeko echaphazela amandla abantwana okunikela ingqalelo, ukulawula indlela abaziphatha ngayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bahlale bezolile, xa kuthelekiswa nobudala babo. Inxulunyaniswa notshintsho oluthile ekusebenzeni kwengqondo. Oku kwenza kube nzima kubantwana ukukhulisa amandla okulawula ingqalelo yabo, ukuziphatha, iimvakalelo kunye nemisebenzi kunabanye abantwana. Ngenxa yoko, banokuziphatha ngeendlela ezinzima kubazali ukuzilawula.

Kukho iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-ADHD. Masizijonge nganye nganye:

1. Ukungakhathali

Abantwana abanale mpawu banengxaki yokugxila kwinto enye. Khawucinge nje, xa utitshala efundisa isifundo esikolweni, akakwazi ukugcina ingqondo yakhe ikwindawo enye.

• Ukuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo: Baphazanyiswa lula zezinye izinto, ngokungathi baphazanyiswa nasisandi esincinci.
• Kubonakala ngathi akamameli: Usenokuvakalelwa kukuba akamameli xa uthetha.
• Ubunzima bokugxila kumsebenzi othile: Kunzima ukuhlala ugxile rhoqo, nokuba udlala umdlalo okanye ufunda.
• Akayilandeli kakuhle imiyalelo: Basenokuba nobunzima bokulandela kanye into oyithethayo, ingakumbi imiyalelo enamanyathelo amaninzi.
• Udinga ukukhunjuzwa rhoqo ukuba wenze izinto: Ufanele uhlale uzikhumbuza ukuba wenze izinto ezifana nokuxukuxa amazinyo akho nokwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikolo.
• Kubonakala ngathi abanamdla kumsebenzi wesikolo: Kusenokubonakala ngathi abazibhokoxi kangako kumsebenzi wesikolo okanye umsebenzi wesikolo.
• Banobunzima bokugcina izinto zabo zihlelekile: Ukugcina iincwadi kunye namathoyizi ehlelekile ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kubo.

2. Ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo

Aba bantwana basoloko bekhuthele kwaye abathandi ukuhlala kwindawo enye.

• Bayabaleka baze batsibe nokuba bafuna ukudlala buthule: Nokuba bafuna ukuthula, banengxaki yokungaguquguquki. Bahlala beshukumisa imilenze yabo baze bavuke ezitulweni zabo.
• Kufana nokuba abanakuhlala ndaweni inye, bahlala behambahamba: bahlala bebaleka behambahamba, ngokungathi banenjini esebenza emzimbeni wabo.
• Nezinto ekufuneka zenziwe kancinci zenziwa ngokukhawuleza: Ukuzama ukwenza yonke into ngokukhawuleza.
• Iimpazamo zenzeka ngenxa yokungakhathali: Benza iimpazamo ezincinci ngenxa yokungxama.
• Uhlala uxakekile yinto ethile, awukwazi ukuhlala kwindawo enye: kufana nokuba "usendleleni".

3. Ukungxama

Kunzima kancinci kwaba bantwana ukucinga kakuhle ngezinto baze balinde ithuba labo.

• Ukutsiba ngequbuliso ngelixa abanye bethetha: Ukuqala ukuthetha ngaphandle kokulinda isiphelo sencoko.
• Ukuthetha okanye ukwenza izinto ngokungxama ngaphandle kokucinga: Ukwenza okanye ukuthetha nantoni na efika engqondweni ngaphandle kokucinga ngemiphumo.
• Ukwenza izinto owaziyo ukuba azilunganga: Kukho amaxesha apho wenza izinto ezithile nangona usazi ukuba azilunganga.
• Ubunzima bokulinda ithuba labo nokwabelana nabanye: Abazithandi izinto ezifana nokulinda emgceni, ukulinda ithuba labo, okanye ukwabelana ngethoyi nabanye.
• Uba nomsindo ngequbuliso kwaye kunzima ukulawula iimvakalelo zakho: Uba nomsindo ngezinto ezincinci, awukwazi ukulawula iimvakalelo zakho uze uqhume ngequbuliso.

Abazali bavakalelwa njani ngale nto?

Ekuqaleni, abazali basenokungaqondi ukuba ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zibangelwa yi-ADHD. Usenokucinga ukuba umntwana ungumntu okrwada nje okanye akathobeli ngabom. Oku kunokubangela uxinezeleko olukhulu kubazali, ukukhungatheka , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uzive ngathi umntwana akabakhathaleli.

Khawucinge nje, xa usiya endlwini yomhlobo wakho, umntwana wakho ubaleka ekhala, kwaye akahlali ndawo. Kuqhelekile ukuba neentloni kwaye ungakhululekanga ngento abanye abanokuyicinga ngomntwana wakho, nangawe. Usenokude uzisole, uzibuze, "Ngaba ndenze into engalunganga ukwenza lo mntwana aziphathe ngolu hlobo?"

Kodwa enyanisweni, abantwana abane-ADHD abazikhulisi ngokwemvelo ezi zakhono zokulawula ingqalelo, ukuziphatha, kunye nemisebenzi. Asikuko ukusilela kwabo, kwaye asikuko nokwakho ukusilela.

Kodwa ukuba thina, njengabazali, sifunda nge-ADHD ngokufanelekileyo size siqonde ezona ndlela zilungileyo zokunceda umntwana wethu, sinokuyiphucula imeko yomntwana wethu size simncede ahlale esempilweni.

Singenza ntoni njengabazali?

Indima yabazali ekunyangeni umntwana one-ADHD ibaluleke kakhulu. Enyanisweni, inkxaso yabazali kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabo kubaluleke njengalo naluphi na olunye unyango. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela abazali abasabela ngayo, imeko yomntwana ene-ADHD inokuphucula okanye ibe mandundu .

Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe ene-ADHD ngugqirha, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza:

1. Zibandakanye kuyo yonke into, funda kakuhle

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukufunda okuninzi kangangoko unako ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD. Funda iincwadi malunga ne-ADHD, ndwendwela iiwebhusayithi ezithembekileyo, kwaye ubuze oogqirha. Landela unyango olucetyiswe ngugqirha womntwana wakho okanye ingcali yezonyango ngokuchanekileyo. Qiniseka ukuba uya kwiiseshoni zonyango nomntwana wakho. Thetha naye ngemibuzo yakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo.

2. Ukuba unika umntwana wakho amayeza, lumka ngawo.

Oogqirha banika amayeza ukunceda ukulawula i-ADHD kwabanye abantwana. Ukuba unika amayeza, cinga ngoku kulandelayo:

• Nika iyeza kanye ngexesha elicetyisiweyo kunye nomthamo njengoko ugqirha emyalele .
• Ungaze utshintshe idosi okanye uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
• Gcina amayeza omntwana wakho kwindawo ekhuselekileyo apho kungekho mntu unokuwafumana khona .

3. Qonda kakuhle indlela i-ADHD echaphazela ngayo umntwana wakho

Ayingabo bonke abantwana abafanayo. Ayingabo bonke abantwana abane-ADHD abachaphazeleka ngendlela efanayo. Chonga iingxaki ezithile umntwana wakho anazo nge-ADHD. Abanye abantwana banokufuna ukuphucula ixesha labo lokuqwalasela kunye nezakhono zokuphulaphula. Abanye banokufuna ukucotha kwaye basebenze ngokuzolileyo. Cela iingcebiso kunye neengcebiso kugqirha womntwana wakho malunga noku. Buza neendlela onokumnceda ngazo umntwana wakho ukuziqhelanisa nezi zakhono.

4. Gxila ekufundiseni into enye ngexesha.

Musa ukuzama ukwenza yonke into ngaxeshanye. Ukwenza njalo kuya kukudinisa kwaye kubeke uxinzelelo kumntwana wakho. Qala kancinci . Khetha indlela yokuziphatha okanye umkhwa omnye uze ugxile ekuwuphuculeni kuqala. Mncome umntwana wakho ngemizamo yakhe . Ukuba ubonisa inkqubela encinci, mncome kwaye umkhuthaze. Yithi into efana nale, 'Ndiyabona ukuba usebenza nzima, kulungile oko, nyana/ntombi.' Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Positive Reinforcement . Oko kukuthi, mncome umntwana wakho xa esenza into elungileyo kwaye umkhuthaze ukuba ayenze kwakhona.

5. Sebenzisana nesikolo somntwana wakho.

Ukuba i-ADHD ichaphazela indlela umntwana wakho aqhuba ngayo esikolweni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nesikolo.

• Thetha notitshala womntwana. Mxelele ngemeko yakhe.
• Fumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho udinga isicwangciso semfundo ekhethekileyo, njenge-"IEP - Individualized Education Program" okanye "504 plan" njengoko ifumaneka kwamanye amazwe, okanye inkxaso yemfundo ekhethekileyo efanayo ngokwenkqubo yaseSri Lanka. Ezi zizibonelelo ezikhethekileyo ezibonelelwa sisikolo ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zemfundo zomntwana.
• Dibana nootitshala rhoqo ukuze ufumane ukuba umntwana wakho uqhuba njani esikolweni.
• Sebenzisana notitshala ukuze niyile isicwangciso sokunceda umntwana wakho afunde ngcono. Oku kungabandakanya ukuba umntwana wakho ahlale phambili eklasini okanye ukwahlula umsebenzi ube ziinxalenye ezincinci.

6. Nxibelelana nabanye ukuze ufumane inkxaso nolwazi

Kukho imibutho kunye namaqela enkxaso anceda abazali babantwana abane-ADHD.

• Umzekelo, kukho imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe efana ne-`(CHADD - Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abane-Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)`. Kwiindawo ezinje ngezi, ungafumana iindlela zonyango zamva nje, ulwazi, njl.
• Fumanisa ukuba kukho amaqela enkxaso afana nala eSri Lanka. Okanye, ubuncinane nxibelelana namaqela anjalo kwi-intanethi. Emva koko uya kuqonda ukuba awuwedwa. Ungafunda okuninzi kumava abanye abazali.

7. Fumanisa ukuba unayo na i-ADHD

I-ADHD ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka kwiintsapho. Oko kukuthi, inokuba nefuthe lemfuza . Abazali (okanye ezinye izalamane ezisondeleyo) zabantwana abane-ADHD basenokungazi ukuba bane-ADHD. Usenokuba wawuneempawu ezifanayo xa wawusengumntwana, kodwa wawungazi ngelo xesha. Ngoko ke, ukuba abazali bakho nabo bane-ADHD, ukuyifumanisa kwaye uyinyange kunokukunceda njengabazali ukuba wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukunceda umntwana wakho. Xa uyiqonda imingeni yakho, kulula ukuqonda imingeni yomntwana wakho, akunjalo?

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nangona ukunyamekela umntwana one-ADHD ngamanye amaxesha kunokuvakala ngathi ngumceli mngeni omkhulu, akunakwenzeka. Ngomonde, ukuqonda, kunye nendlela efanelekileyo, unokunceda umntwana wakho aphile ubomi obuphumelelayo nobonwabisayo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazisa umntwana wakho ukuba uyamthanda ngokupheleleyo kwaye uya kuhlala umxhasa.

Khumbula, wonke umntwana uxabisekile, wonke umntwana uneziphiwo zakhe ezikhethekileyo. I-ADHD ayilophawu lomntwana, yingxaki nje abajongene nayo. Ngenkxaso efanelekileyo, aba bantwana banokwenza izinto ezimangalisayo.

Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukufuna uncedo koogqirha, kwiingcali zonyango, nakootitshala xa kufuneka. Awuwedwa kolu hambo.

` I-ADHD, abantwana, abazali, ingqalelo, ukusebenza kakhulu, ukuziphatha, iingcebiso, impilo yengqondo, isikolo, unyango, unyango