I-ADHD Yabantu Abadala kunye Nokwenzakala Kwabantwana: Masithethe Ngonxibelelwano

Ukuba ungumntu omdala one-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), awuwedwa. Izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela ziphila nale meko. Siyazi ukuba ii-genes zakho zidlala indima enkulu koku. Nangona kunjalo, kukwafunyaniswe ukuba kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kokwenzakala esijamelana nako ebuntwaneni kunye ne-ADHD ebudaleni. Makhe sithethe ngokunzulu ngale nto namhlanje.

Yintoni kanye kanye ingxubakaxaka yobuntwana?

Ngamafutshane, oku kubhekisa kwiziganeko ezoyikisayo, ezibuhlungu, eziyingozi, okanye ezisongela ubomi esidibana nazo ngaphambi kokuba sifikelele kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lobuntwana. Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba ngamava amabi obuntwana (ACEs) .

Olu hlobo loxinzelelo lunokuvela kwinto ekwehleleyo ngqo, okanye lunokuvela kwinto oyibonayo okanye oyivayo. Khawuthelekelele, ngumothuko omkhulu kumntwana obukele ingxaki ekhaya. Nabani na unokujongana nento efana nale.

Nazi ezinye zeziganeko ezinokubangela ukwenzakala ebuntwaneni:

• Ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokungahoywa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo, okanye ngokwengqondo.
• Ukubona umntu ehlukumeza okanye ehlasela umama okanye utata wakhe.
• Ukuhlala nabantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi okanye abanezifo zengqondo ekhaya.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngabazali ngenxa yokufa okanye uqhawulo-mtshato.
• Ilungu losapho likhe lavalelwa entolongweni okanye lavalelwa entolongweni.

Ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela:

• Ukukhula phakathi kobunzima obukhulu kwezoqoqosho.
• Ukuhlala kwindawo enobundlobongela nesiphithiphithi.
• Ukucalulwa nokungabandakanywa ngenxa yezinto ezifana nohlanga okanye uhlanga (ucalucalulo olucwangcisiweyo okanye ukucalulwa).
• Ujongene nengozi enkulu yemoto.
• Ukujongana nesifo esisongela ubomi.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye neNkathazo yoMdlandla?

I-ADHD sisifo sophuhliso lobuchopho. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho utshintsho kwimisebenzi ethile yengqondo. Nangona ukwenzakala kukusabela ngokweemvakalelo kwisiganeko esiyingozi okanye esibuhlungu, zombini ezi meko zinokubangela iingxaki zokuziphatha eziqhubekayo kunye nokungakhathali.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abadala abane-ADHD banamathuba amaninzi okuba nesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi -Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) kunabo bangenayo i-ADHD. I-PTSD yimeko yempilo yengqondo enokuvela emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukwahlula phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye ne-PTSD kubantu abadala, njengoko iimpawu zezi meko zombini zifana.

Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-PTSD emva kokwenzakala. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba okwahlukileyo kunokuba yinyani. Kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kuqondwe ngokupheleleyo olu lwalamano.

Ngaba ukwenzakala ebuntwaneni kunokubangela i-ADHD xa umntu emdala?

Izakhi zofuzo zakho, indawo ohlala kuyo, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo zonke zidlala indima ekukubumbeni. Zininzi izinto ekufuneka zihlangane ukuze kubekho i-ADHD.

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ukuchatshazelwa ngamava angapheliyo obuntwana (ACEs) kwandisa "amanqanaba anobuthi oxinzelelo" emzimbeni. Oku akulunganga kwimpilo yomzimba okanye yengqondo yomntu. Kodwa kubonakala ngathi kwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-ADHD ephakathi ukuya kweqatha.

Impembelelo ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo

Iingqondo zabantwana abancinci zihlala zifunda kwaye ziqhelana nehlabathi langaphandle. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukwenzakala ebuntwaneni kunokutshintsha indlela iindawo zengqondo, ingakumbi izakhiwo ezibuthathaka kuxinzelelo, ezikhula ngayo. Olu tshintsho lunokukhokelela kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kwi-ADHD. Umzekelo:

• Ukuziva uloyiko okanye ukungakhuseleki rhoqo.
• Xa ujongene noxinzelelo, impendulo yalo ayipheli lula kwaye iyaqhubeka.
• Ubunzima bokulawula iimvakalelo.
• Ubunzima bokucwangcisa okanye ukugxila.
• Ukungabikho kolawulo lokushukuma.

Ukukhetha okungalunganga kwememori

Uxinzelelo lobuntwana lunokutshintsha indlela olibona ngayo ihlabathi. Usenokulingeka ukuba uhlale ucinga ngeenkumbulo ezimbi kunezilungileyo. Ezi ngcinga zinokuphazamisa indlela ocinga ngayo eqhelekileyo kwaye zonyuse iimpawu ze-ADHD ezifana nokungakhathali okanye ukusebenza kakhulu.

Ukungabikho kwenkxaso yoluntu

Ayingabo bonke abantu abafumana ubunzima bobuntwana abaya kufumana olu tshintsho engqondweni yabo. Esi siphumo sinokuba sikhulu kwabo baziva bengenakunceda. Xa abantwana befumana ukhuseleko nenkxaso kubazali, abahlobo, kunye nezalamane, kulula kubo ukuba baphile kwimeko enjalo yobunzima.

Kwelinye icala, ngaba i-ADHD iyandisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala ebuntwaneni?

Oku nako yinto ekufuneka uyiqwalasele. Ewe, kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ubuneempawu ze-ADHD usengumntwana, usenokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana iziganeko ezibuhlungu (umz., iingozi, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokweemvakalelo) ungaqondanga. Ezo ziganeko zinokubangela i-ADHD xa sele umdala.

Oku kungaba ngolu hlobo:

• Abantwana abane-ADHD badla ngokuhlwaywa. Abantwana abane-ADHD banengxaki yokulawula indlela abaziphethe ngayo kunye neemvakalelo zabo. Abantu abadala banokucinga ukuba aba bantwana baziphethe kakubi ngabom kwaye abaphulaphuli oko kuthethwayo. Ngenxa yoku, banamathuba amaninzi okuhlwaywa kabuhlungu nangokuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni.
• Ukuphepha iimpawu ze-ADHD.Ngamanye amaxesha, ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwabantwana kunokuncipha xa bechaphazeleka kukwenzakala. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abadala banokujonga iimpawu zokungakhathali njenge-ADHD. Ukuba azinyangwa, ubudlelwane esikolweni nasekhaya bunokuphazamiseka, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwezinye izinto ezimbi (ACEs).
• Impilo yengqondo yabazali. Ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba zixhaphakile kubazali babantwana abane-ADHD. Basenokuba ne-ADHD. Ukukhulisa abantwana ngendlela engqongqo kunokubangelwa luxinzelelo ekhaya okanye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo yabazali.

Ungalufumana njani uncedo?

Ukuba ukhe wahlangabezana noxinzelelo usengumntwana, xelela ugqirha wakho ngalo. Musa ukulifihla. Ugqirha wakho usenokungakubuzi ngalo kuqala. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha ngalo wena.

Cela ugqirha wakho ukuba akuthumele kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo okanye kugqirha wengqondo ogxile kwizifo zoxinzelelo olubangela ingxubakaxaka. Emva koko banokwenza isicwangciso sonyango esikusebenzelayo.

Umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo unokukunceda uchonge kwaye ulawule iimpawu zakho ezinxulumene nokulimala kwakho kunye ne-ADHD. Ungadinga amayeza, unyango lokuthetha, okanye zombini.

Ezinye zeendlela zonyango ezisetyenziselwa ukwenzakala ebuntwaneni ziquka:

• Amayeza okudakumba
• Unyango Lokuziphatha Olugxile Kwingxaki Yokwenzakala (i-CBT)
• Unyango olusekelwe kwingqondo
• Uqeqesho lwe-Neurofeedback
• Unyango lwe-EMDR (ukususa i-Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)

Ukongeza, unyango oluxhasayo olufana nolu lunokuba luncedo kakhulu:

• Unyango lobugcisa okanye umculo
• I-yoga
• Ukuzilolonga
• Amaqela enkxaso abantu abanamava afanayo