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Ngaba kulungile ukwenza amazinyo akho abe mhlophe ngexesha lokukhulelwa? (Ukumhlophe kwamazinyo) Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba kulungile ukwenza amazinyo akho abe mhlophe ngexesha lokukhulelwa? (Ukumhlophe kwamazinyo) Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Mhlawumbi wonwabile kakhulu, unomdla kancinci, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukhathazeke ngezinto ezincinci kuba sele uza kuba nomntwana, akunjalo? Oko kuqhelekile kakhulu. Umzimba wakho udlula kwiinguqu ezininzi ngeli xesha! Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba ucinga ngakumbi ngenkangeleko yakho nobuhle bakho kunesiqhelo. Mhlawumbi ucinga, "Owu Thixo wam, ndifuna ukwenza amazinyo am abe mhlophe kancinci, aza kubukeka emhle ngakumbi xa ndincuma." Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, uyakuthandabuza kancinci, "Owu Thixo wam, ngaba oku kuyinto elungileyo ukuyenza ngenxa yomntwana osesiswini sakho?" Kulungile, kulungile kakhulu ukuba ucinga ngaloo ndlela. Kuba xa uza kuba ngumama, kufuneka ucinge kabini ngaphambi kokuba wenze yonke into. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokucacileyo malunga nokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Kutheni abanye abantu bebona utshintsho kumbala wamazinyo abo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni amazinyo am ebonakala etshintsha umbala rhoqo?" Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoko.

  • Utshintsho kwiihomoni: Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iihomoni zomzimba wakho ziyatshintshatshintsha. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zeentsini, ezifana nokopha kweentsini (Pregnancy Gingivitis). Ezi zinokwenza kube nzima ukuxubha amazinyo akho kakuhle, nto leyo enokubangela amabala amazinyo.
  • Ukugula Kwasekuseni: Abantu abaninzi bafumana ukugula kwasekuseni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Iiasidi zesisu ezihambisana nokuhlanza zingonakalisa i-enamel yamazinyo. Esi sisizathu sokuba amazinyo atshintshe umbala.
  • Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya: Usenokuba utya ukutya okumnandi neziselo ezininzi kunesiqhelo kule mihla. Okanye usenokuba ukhe wanqwenela ukutya okuthile kwaye utya rhoqo. Ukusela iti okanye ikofu kakhulu kunokubangela amabala emazinyweni akho.
  • Ucoceko lomlomo olubi: Ngamanye amaxesha, unokulibala ukuxubha amazinyo akho ngenxa yokudinwa okanye isicaphucaphu.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezinje, abanye abantu bavakalelwa kukuba amazinyo abo atshintshe umbala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kodwa oku akwenzeki kubo bonke abantu.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezikhoyo zokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini kuphela.

1. Ukufunxa iikhemikhali

Le yindlela abantu abaninzi abacinga ngayo xa becinga "ngokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe." Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa i-agent yokumhlopheza, efana ne -hydrogen peroxide okanye i-carbamide peroxide , eyikhemikhali ekhanyisa umbala wamazinyo.

  • Ukuhlikihla amazinyo eofisini: Kule meko, ugqirha wamazinyo umhlophe amazinyo ekliniki esebenzisa ezi khemikhali kunye nokukhanya okukhethekileyo okanye i-laser. Oku kunokukunika iziphumo ezikhawulezayo.
  • Iikhithi zasekhaya:Ngokwale ngcebiso kagqirha wamazinyo, uza kunikwa iitreyi kunye nejeli yokufiphalisa ukuze uzisebenzise ekhaya. Kungenjalo, kukho izixhobo ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara ezifumaneka kwikhemesti. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zihlala zinezinga eliphantsi leekhemikhali.

2. Iintlama zamazinyo ezirhabaxa

Olu hlobo lwe-toothpaste lunamaqhekeza amancinci, amancinci (ii-abrasives ezithambileyo). Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukususa amanye amabala kumphezulu wamazinyo. Azitshintshi umbala wangaphakathi wamazinyo njengokumhlophe, zinciphisa amabala omphezulu kuphela.

"Kalula nje, enye indlela itshintsha umbala wezinyo ngeekhemikhali, kwaye enye indlela isusa ukungcola kwezinyo."

Ngaba kukho iingozi zokumhlophe kwamazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu!

Kulungile, ngoku masingene kwisihloko sethu esiphambili. Ngaba kukhuselekile ngokwenene ukufumana ezi ndlela zokunyanga amazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Kunzima ukunika impendulo ethe ngqo ethi "ewe" okanye "hayi" koku. Isizathu kukuba zimbalwa kakhulu izifundo ezisemthethweni nezibanzi (izifundo ezilungileyo) malunga nokhuseleko lwale mveliso yokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni kunjalo?" Abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana babo abangakazalwa liqela elinovelwano kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho umngcipheko omncinci ovela kwinto ethile, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba ezo mveliso zisetyenziswe kuphando. Yingxaki yokuziphatha.

Yintoni eyona nto ixhalabisayo?

Eyona nto ixhalabisa oogqirha kunye nabavelisi kukuba iikhemikhali ezikwimveliso yokwenza mhlophe amazinyo, ingakumbi i-hydrogen peroxide , zinokufunxwa ngexesha lonyango kwaye, ukuba kunjalo , indlela enokuwuchaphazela ngayo usana olusesibelekweni.

  • Ezinye iinkampani zeemveliso zokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe zicebisa ukuba zingasebenzisi iimveliso zazo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
  • Abanye oogqirha bamazinyo bacebisa ukuba ulinde de umntwana azalwe kwaye ukuncancisa kuphelile ngaphambi kokuba wenze amazinyo akho abe mhlophe.
  • Abanye oogqirha bamazinyo bathi ukuba kwenziwa ngononophelo, ingakumbi ngexesha lonyango lokufunxa i-bleach eofisini olwenziwa ngugqirha wamazinyo, akukho mngcipheko mkhulu wokuginya iikhemikhali, ngoko ke akukho ngxaki.

Cinga ngayo njengeyeza. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, sizama ukuphepha iikhemikhali ezininzi ezingafunekiyo kangangoko. Oku kufana noko.

"Ngenxa yokuba uphando alwanelanga, uluvo loogqirha abaninzi luthi 'Kungcono ukhuseleke kunokuba uxole.' Oko kukuthi, kungcono ukuba kwicala elikhuselekileyo kunokuba uthathe iingozi ezingeyomfuneko."

Ngoko ke yintoni engcono?

Ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukuwenza mhlophe amazinyo akho kancinci, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wotyando kunye nogqirha wamazinyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze nantoni na.Baza kujonga imeko yakho baze bakunike iingcebiso ezikufaneleyo.

Ngokubanzi, oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa ukuba baphephe unyango lokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe ngamakhemikhali de kube emva kokukhulelwa . Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo emva kokubeleka nangexesha lokuncancisa.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uzive ngcono kancinci malunga nombala wamazinyo akho ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, andinakwenza nto ke?" Hayi, ungenza.

  • Sebenzisa i-toothpaste yokwenza mhlophe: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ezi zinokunceda ukunciphisa inani lamabala kumphezulu wamazinyo akho. Nangona ungalindelanga lukhulu koku, kuya kongeza ukukhanya kancinci kuncumo lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukhetha i-toothpaste efana nale, kububulumko ukubonana nogqirha wamazinyo kwaye ukhethe engeyongqwabalala kangako efanelekileyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo.
  • Landela imikhwa emihle yokhathalelo lomlomo:
  • Hlamba amazinyo akho kakuhle kabini ngemini nge-toothpaste equlethe i-fluoride.
  • Coca phakathi kwamazinyo akho yonke imihla (Dental Flossing).
  • Nciphisa ukutya neziselo ezineswekile kunye ne-asidi.
  • Hlamba umlomo wakho ngamanzi emva kokutya.
  • Musa ukulibazisa ukuvavanywa kwamazinyo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukucoca amazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo.

Ezi zinto zinceda ukugcina umbala wendalo wamazinyo akho kwaye zigcine iintsini zakho zisempilweni.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwento esithethe ngayo, kufuneka ucacelwe malunga nokumhlophe kwamazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngamafutshane:

  • Unyango lokumhlophe amazinyo alukhuthazwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ikakhulu kuba akukho phando lwaneleyo malunga nokuba iikhemikhali ezisetyenzisiweyo ziya kuyichaphazela na imveku engakazalwa.
  • Oogqirha bamazinyo abaninzi kunye nabavelisi bacebisa ukuba olu nyango lwenziwe emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe kwaye egqibile ukuncancisa.
  • Ukuba ufuna ukwenza amazinyo akho abe mhlophe, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho wotyando kunye nogqirha wamazinyo. Baza kukunika icebiso elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
  • I-toothpaste ethambileyo emhlophe ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa kancinci amabala kumphezulu wamazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune iingcebiso zonyango nakweli candelo.
  • Kungcono ukugcina umlomo wakho usempilweni ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuxubha, ukuxubha nge-floss, nokutya ukutya okunesondlo yonke imihla kuya kunceda ukugcina amazinyo akho ephilile kwaye ekhazimlayo.

"Ukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho lubaluleke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukulawula iminqweno yakho okwethutyana uze ukhethe eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo."

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umbelethisi. Bakhona ukukunceda. Sikunqwenelela ukukhulelwa okunempilo nolonwabo!


Ukukhulelwa , Ukumhlophe Amazinyo, Ukumhlophe Amazinyo, Ukhuseleko, Ugqirha Wamazinyo, I-Hydrogen Peroxide, Impilo Yomlomo

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ngaba kulungile ukwenza amazinyo akho abe mhlophe ngexesha lokukhulelwa? (Ukumhlophe kwamazinyo) Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba kulungile ukwenza amazinyo akho abe mhlophe ngexesha lokukhulelwa? (Ukumhlophe kwamazinyo) Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Mhlawumbi wonwabile kakhulu, unomdla kancinci, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukhathazeke ngezinto ezincinci kuba sele uza kuba nomntwana, akunjalo? Oko kuqhelekile kakhulu. Umzimba wakho udlula kwiinguqu ezininzi ngeli xesha! Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba ucinga ngakumbi ngenkangeleko yakho nobuhle bakho kunesiqhelo. Mhlawumbi ucinga, "Owu Thixo wam, ndifuna ukwenza amazinyo am abe mhlophe kancinci, aza kubukeka emhle ngakumbi xa ndincuma." Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, uyakuthandabuza kancinci, "Owu Thixo wam, ngaba oku kuyinto elungileyo ukuyenza ngenxa yomntwana osesiswini sakho?" Kulungile, kulungile kakhulu ukuba ucinga ngaloo ndlela. Kuba xa uza kuba ngumama, kufuneka ucinge kabini ngaphambi kokuba wenze yonke into. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokucacileyo malunga nokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Kutheni abanye abantu bebona utshintsho kumbala wamazinyo abo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni amazinyo am ebonakala etshintsha umbala rhoqo?" Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoko.

  • Utshintsho kwiihomoni: Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iihomoni zomzimba wakho ziyatshintshatshintsha. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zeentsini, ezifana nokopha kweentsini (Pregnancy Gingivitis). Ezi zinokwenza kube nzima ukuxubha amazinyo akho kakuhle, nto leyo enokubangela amabala amazinyo.
  • Ukugula Kwasekuseni: Abantu abaninzi bafumana ukugula kwasekuseni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Iiasidi zesisu ezihambisana nokuhlanza zingonakalisa i-enamel yamazinyo. Esi sisizathu sokuba amazinyo atshintshe umbala.
  • Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya: Usenokuba utya ukutya okumnandi neziselo ezininzi kunesiqhelo kule mihla. Okanye usenokuba ukhe wanqwenela ukutya okuthile kwaye utya rhoqo. Ukusela iti okanye ikofu kakhulu kunokubangela amabala emazinyweni akho.
  • Ucoceko lomlomo olubi: Ngamanye amaxesha, unokulibala ukuxubha amazinyo akho ngenxa yokudinwa okanye isicaphucaphu.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezinje, abanye abantu bavakalelwa kukuba amazinyo abo atshintshe umbala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kodwa oku akwenzeki kubo bonke abantu.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezikhoyo zokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini kuphela.

1. Ukufunxa iikhemikhali

Le yindlela abantu abaninzi abacinga ngayo xa becinga "ngokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe." Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa i-agent yokumhlopheza, efana ne -hydrogen peroxide okanye i-carbamide peroxide , eyikhemikhali ekhanyisa umbala wamazinyo.

  • Ukuhlikihla amazinyo eofisini: Kule meko, ugqirha wamazinyo umhlophe amazinyo ekliniki esebenzisa ezi khemikhali kunye nokukhanya okukhethekileyo okanye i-laser. Oku kunokukunika iziphumo ezikhawulezayo.
  • Iikhithi zasekhaya:Ngokwale ngcebiso kagqirha wamazinyo, uza kunikwa iitreyi kunye nejeli yokufiphalisa ukuze uzisebenzise ekhaya. Kungenjalo, kukho izixhobo ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara ezifumaneka kwikhemesti. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zihlala zinezinga eliphantsi leekhemikhali.

2. Iintlama zamazinyo ezirhabaxa

Olu hlobo lwe-toothpaste lunamaqhekeza amancinci, amancinci (ii-abrasives ezithambileyo). Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukususa amanye amabala kumphezulu wamazinyo. Azitshintshi umbala wangaphakathi wamazinyo njengokumhlophe, zinciphisa amabala omphezulu kuphela.

"Kalula nje, enye indlela itshintsha umbala wezinyo ngeekhemikhali, kwaye enye indlela isusa ukungcola kwezinyo."

Ngaba kukho iingozi zokumhlophe kwamazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu!

Kulungile, ngoku masingene kwisihloko sethu esiphambili. Ngaba kukhuselekile ngokwenene ukufumana ezi ndlela zokunyanga amazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Kunzima ukunika impendulo ethe ngqo ethi "ewe" okanye "hayi" koku. Isizathu kukuba zimbalwa kakhulu izifundo ezisemthethweni nezibanzi (izifundo ezilungileyo) malunga nokhuseleko lwale mveliso yokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni kunjalo?" Abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana babo abangakazalwa liqela elinovelwano kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho umngcipheko omncinci ovela kwinto ethile, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba ezo mveliso zisetyenziswe kuphando. Yingxaki yokuziphatha.

Yintoni eyona nto ixhalabisayo?

Eyona nto ixhalabisa oogqirha kunye nabavelisi kukuba iikhemikhali ezikwimveliso yokwenza mhlophe amazinyo, ingakumbi i-hydrogen peroxide , zinokufunxwa ngexesha lonyango kwaye, ukuba kunjalo , indlela enokuwuchaphazela ngayo usana olusesibelekweni.

  • Ezinye iinkampani zeemveliso zokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe zicebisa ukuba zingasebenzisi iimveliso zazo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
  • Abanye oogqirha bamazinyo bacebisa ukuba ulinde de umntwana azalwe kwaye ukuncancisa kuphelile ngaphambi kokuba wenze amazinyo akho abe mhlophe.
  • Abanye oogqirha bamazinyo bathi ukuba kwenziwa ngononophelo, ingakumbi ngexesha lonyango lokufunxa i-bleach eofisini olwenziwa ngugqirha wamazinyo, akukho mngcipheko mkhulu wokuginya iikhemikhali, ngoko ke akukho ngxaki.

Cinga ngayo njengeyeza. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, sizama ukuphepha iikhemikhali ezininzi ezingafunekiyo kangangoko. Oku kufana noko.

"Ngenxa yokuba uphando alwanelanga, uluvo loogqirha abaninzi luthi 'Kungcono ukhuseleke kunokuba uxole.' Oko kukuthi, kungcono ukuba kwicala elikhuselekileyo kunokuba uthathe iingozi ezingeyomfuneko."

Ngoko ke yintoni engcono?

Ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukuwenza mhlophe amazinyo akho kancinci, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wotyando kunye nogqirha wamazinyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze nantoni na.Baza kujonga imeko yakho baze bakunike iingcebiso ezikufaneleyo.

Ngokubanzi, oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa ukuba baphephe unyango lokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe ngamakhemikhali de kube emva kokukhulelwa . Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo emva kokubeleka nangexesha lokuncancisa.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uzive ngcono kancinci malunga nombala wamazinyo akho ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, andinakwenza nto ke?" Hayi, ungenza.

  • Sebenzisa i-toothpaste yokwenza mhlophe: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ezi zinokunceda ukunciphisa inani lamabala kumphezulu wamazinyo akho. Nangona ungalindelanga lukhulu koku, kuya kongeza ukukhanya kancinci kuncumo lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukhetha i-toothpaste efana nale, kububulumko ukubonana nogqirha wamazinyo kwaye ukhethe engeyongqwabalala kangako efanelekileyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo.
  • Landela imikhwa emihle yokhathalelo lomlomo:
  • Hlamba amazinyo akho kakuhle kabini ngemini nge-toothpaste equlethe i-fluoride.
  • Coca phakathi kwamazinyo akho yonke imihla (Dental Flossing).
  • Nciphisa ukutya neziselo ezineswekile kunye ne-asidi.
  • Hlamba umlomo wakho ngamanzi emva kokutya.
  • Musa ukulibazisa ukuvavanywa kwamazinyo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukucoca amazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo.

Ezi zinto zinceda ukugcina umbala wendalo wamazinyo akho kwaye zigcine iintsini zakho zisempilweni.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwento esithethe ngayo, kufuneka ucacelwe malunga nokumhlophe kwamazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngamafutshane:

  • Unyango lokumhlophe amazinyo alukhuthazwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ikakhulu kuba akukho phando lwaneleyo malunga nokuba iikhemikhali ezisetyenzisiweyo ziya kuyichaphazela na imveku engakazalwa.
  • Oogqirha bamazinyo abaninzi kunye nabavelisi bacebisa ukuba olu nyango lwenziwe emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe kwaye egqibile ukuncancisa.
  • Ukuba ufuna ukwenza amazinyo akho abe mhlophe, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho wotyando kunye nogqirha wamazinyo. Baza kukunika icebiso elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
  • I-toothpaste ethambileyo emhlophe ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa kancinci amabala kumphezulu wamazinyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune iingcebiso zonyango nakweli candelo.
  • Kungcono ukugcina umlomo wakho usempilweni ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuxubha, ukuxubha nge-floss, nokutya ukutya okunesondlo yonke imihla kuya kunceda ukugcina amazinyo akho ephilile kwaye ekhazimlayo.

"Ukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho lubaluleke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukulawula iminqweno yakho okwethutyana uze ukhethe eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo."

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umbelethisi. Bakhona ukukunceda. Sikunqwenelela ukukhulelwa okunempilo nolonwabo!


Ukukhulelwa , Ukumhlophe Amazinyo, Ukumhlophe Amazinyo, Ukhuseleko, Ugqirha Wamazinyo, I-Hydrogen Peroxide, Impilo Yomlomo

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.

Faka uluvo lwakho

Nceda ubale: 4 + 7 =