Ingaba umqolo womntwana wakho ungaqhelekanga? Masithethe nge-Spine Bifida ngokweenkcukacha!

Xa umntwana omtsha efika kweli hlabathi, umnqweno omkhulu kubo bonke umama notata kukuba nomntwana ophilileyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, iintsana zinokuzalwa zineengxaki zempilo ezincinci esingazicingiyo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko ekhethekileyo eyenzeka emgogodleni, oko kukuthi, emqolo, wabanye abantwana xa bezalwa. Oogqirha bayibiza le Spina Bifida . Nangona eli gama lingaqhelekanga, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Spina Bifida?

Ngamafutshane, i-Spine Bifida sisifo se-neural tube . Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni i-neural tube. Cinga ngayo, kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa komntwana, ingqondo yomntwana kunye nomgogodla ziqala ukuphuhliswa kwi-tube encinci ehamba emqolo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-neural tube . Ukuba le tube ayivaleki kakuhle, kwakheka isithuba esincinci, okanye ukuvuleka, emgogodleni. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-spina bifida. Esi sithuba sinokuchaphazela amathambo omqolo, umgogodlo, kunye nemithambo-luvo edibana nawo. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ingxowa egcwele ulwelo inokuphuma kule sithuba.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-Spine Bifida?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zale meko. Ngayinye yahlukile kwenye.

1. I-Meningocele: Le yingxowa egcwele ulwelo oluphuma kwindawo evulekileyo kwintambo yomqolo. Nangona kunjalo, le ngxowa ayinayo intambo yomqolo. Olu lolona hlobo lungaqhelekanga lwe-spina bifida.

2. I-Myelomeningocele: Olu lolona hlobo lunzima noluqhelekileyo lwe-spina bifida. Kwimeko enjalo, ingxowa egcwele ulwelo ephuma emngxunyeni iqulethe inxalenye yomqolo kunye nenxalenye yemithambo-luvo. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba umntwana afumane iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.

3. I-Spine Bifida Occulta: Olu lolona hlobo lulula noluqhelekileyo lwale meko. Apha, nangona kukho umsantsa omncinci kwi-spinal cord, akukho sikhwama sibonakalayo. Uninzi lwexesha, aba bantu abanazo iimpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha ifunyanwa ngengozi xa kuthathwa i-X-ray yomqolo ngesizathu esithile.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Iimpawu zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Zixhomekeke ekubeni mkhulu kangakanani umsantsa osemqolo, apho ukhoyo, kwaye loluphi uhlobo lwe-spina bifida. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Umqolo obuhlungu.
• Ubuthathaka, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ukuphelelwa yimvakalelo emilenzeni.
• Iingxaki zokusebenza kwamathumbu kunye nesinyi (umz., ukungakwazi ukuzibamba).
• Abanye abantwana banokubona isiqwenga esingaqhelekanga sesikhumba, isiqwenga seenwele, okanye iqhubu elincinci apho kukho umsantsa khona (ingakumbi kwiimeko ze-Spina Bifida Occulta).

Umntu onesifo esincinci kakhulu unokukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Isizathu esichanekileyo se-spina bifida asikaziwa okwangoku , kodwa oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba sibangelwa yindibaniselwano yemfuza kunye nezinto ezingqongileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ityhubhu ye-neural isenokungaphuhli kakuhle ngexesha lokuqala kokukhula esibelekweni sikamama.

Kukho izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezichongiweyo. Ukuba ulindele umntwana, kulungile ukuzazi ezi zinto:

• Ukunqongophala kwe-Folic Acid: Ukungafumani i-folic acid eyaneleyo, i-vitamin ebalulekileyo ekukhulelweni okunempilo, yinto ephambili ebangela umngcipheko.
• Amayeza athile: Izinto ezifana namayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezifana nesifo sokuwa.
• Iimeko zempilo kamama: Umama uneengxaki ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye ukutyeba kakhulu .
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu okanye ubushushu obuphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni: Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nokusebenzisa rhoqo iibhafu ezishushu.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onale meko, okanye ukuba umntwana wangaphambili wayenesiphene kwityhubhu yemithambo-luvo, umngcipheko uphezulu kancinci.

Ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngezi zinto zinobungozi uze ufumane icebiso olidingayo ukuze ukhulelwe kakuhle.

Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana ne-myelomeningocele. Ezi ziquka:

• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Abanye abantwana banokuba nobunzima bokuhamba, okanye bangakwazi ukuhamba konke konke.
• I-Hydrocephalus: Le yimeko apho intloko ikhula ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Oku kusenokufuna utyando ukuze kususwe ulwelo olugqithisileyo kuze kufakwe i-shunt.
• Iingxaki zokufunda: Izinto ezifana nezakhono zokunyakaza , inkumbulo, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki zinokuchaphazeleka.
• Ukukhubazeka: Imilenze isenokukhubazeka ngokupheleleyo.
• I-Scoliosis: Umqolo unokugoba uye kwelinye icala.
• Intambo yomqolo ebotshelelweyo: Kulapho intambo yomqolo inamathele ngaphakathi komqolo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kufuneka ikhululeke. Oku kufuna notyando.

Ukuphila neengxaki zomzimba ezinje ngezi kunokubangela uxinzelelo lwengqondo njengoko umntwana ekhula. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo okanye ujoyine iqela lenkxaso labazali abanabantwana abafana nabo.

I-Spina Bifida ibachaphazela njani abantu abadala?

Abantu abadala abane-spina bifida bajongene neengxaki ezahlukileyo kunabantwana. Umzekelo:

• Inkqubo yokwaluphala ekhawulezileyo (ukuncipha kwamandla emisipha, ukuncipha kokuguquguquka, ukuncipha kwamandla omzimba, ukuncipha kwezakhono zokuva).
• Kungenzeka ukuba intambo yomqolo ebotshelelweyo iphinde ivele.
• Ukuqhinwa okanye iintlungu zesisu.
• Iingxaki zamathambo (umz. i-osteoporosis , ukuqala kwangethuba kwe-arthritis , ukwanda kweentlungu zomqolo).
• Ukulahlekelwa lusu, ukujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle, ukungakwazi ukubila, ukukrweleka lula, kunye nokuphola kwenxeba okulibazisekileyo.
• Ukunganyamezelani neLatex: Ukunganyamezelani neLatex.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• I-apnea yokulala ( i-apnea yokulala ethintelayo kunye ne -apnea yokulala ephakathi ).
• Ukutyeba kakhulu.

Nangona abafazi abane-spina bifida banokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa kunokuba nzima, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, le meko inokufunyaniswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa (ukuxilongwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa) . Uvavanyo olusetyenzisiweyo koku zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa kwigazi likamama.
• I-Amniocentesis: Uvavanyo oluthatha isampuli yolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze umntwana.
• I-ultrasound scan: Oku kunokujonga naziphi na iingxaki kumqolo womntwana.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe enemeko efana ne-myelomeningocele, oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba ahlinzwe ngotyando lwe-C ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo ongakumbi kwindawo eyonakeleyo yomqolo womntwana wakho.

Kwanasemva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, imeko inokufunyanwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu. Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana ne -CT scan , i-MRI , okanye i-ultrasound lunokwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe umqolo kunye nentambo yomqolo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, izifo ezibuthathaka ezifana ne-spina bifida occulta zisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu kwaye zisenokungafunyaniswa de umntu abe mdala. Zidla ngokufunyaniswa ngengozi ngexesha lokuhlolwa komqolo ngesinye isizathu.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

I-Spine Bifida ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo.Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezinokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye zincede umntwana aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

• Utyando: Utyando lwenziwa ukuze kuvalwe umngxuma kumqolo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ezifana ne-myelomeningocele, olu tyando lwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwamanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, ludla ngokwenziwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa komntwana. Ingxowa ephumayo iyasuswa, umngxuma uyavalwa, kwaye inxeba liyathungwa. Utyando lwenziwa nakwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yintambo yomqolo ebotshelelweyo .
• Amayeza: Amayeza anikwa iingxaki zomchamo kunye namathumbu, iintlungu, kunye nezinye iimpawu.
• Unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi: Oku kunceda ekuphuculeni ukuhambahamba komntwana, amandla akhe, kunye nokukwazi kwakhe ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimela.

Iqela lezonyango liza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe iimfuno zomntwana.

Ngaba umntwana one-Spine Bifida angahamba?

Indlela le meko echaphazela ngayo ukuhamba iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho i-spinal stenosis ikhoyo (phezulu okanye ngaphantsi) kunye nobunzima bemeko. Okukhona i-stenosis iphezulu, njengakufutshane nentamo, kokukhona amathuba okuba uhambe wedwa ehla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-stenosis iphantsi, njengakufutshane nezinqe, unokukwazi ukuhamba ngenkxaso ethile (umz., ii-braces, i-walker ). Kwiimeko ezibuthathaka, ukuhamba kusenokungachaphazeleki konke konke.

Izixhobo zokuhamba, ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili kunye nezitulo zokuhamba, zingabanceda benze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokukhululeka nangokuzimela. Iqela lezonyango linokukunceda ukhethe ezi zixhobo kwaye likufundise indlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele njengomzali?

Wonke umntwana wahlukile. Oku kuyinyaniso ngakumbi kumntwana one-Spina Bifida. Gcina ezi zinto engqondweni njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula:

• Ukulimala: Ukukrweleka okanye ukukrweleka okuncinci kusenokungavakali kwiindawo zomzimba womntwana ezichaphazelekileyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukujonga umzimba womntwana rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba akukho kulimala.
• Ukuhambahamba: Umntwana wakho usenokufuna uncedo ngokuhambahamba ngokukhuselekileyo. Izinto ezifana nesitulo esinamavili okanye isixhobo sokuhambahamba zinokumnceda ukuba azimele ngakumbi.
• Uqeqesho lwendlu yangasese: Umntwana wakho usenokungaziva enyanzelekile ukuba achame okanye akhuphe indle. Oku kunokwenza uqeqesho lwendlu yangasese lube nzima. Ungacela iingcebiso koogqirha ukuze uthintele ukumanzisa impahla ngokungeyomfuneko nokuphucula ukuzithemba komntwana wakho.

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-spina bifida, thetha neqela lakhe lezonyango ngayo yonke le nto. Bangaphendula imibuzo yakho baze bakunxibelelanise nezixhobo ozidingayo.

Ngaba i-Spine Bifida ingathintelwa?

Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba umntwana abe ne-spina bifida:

• Ukufumana i-folic acid eyaneleyo: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, kufuneka uqale ukuthatha ipilisi ye-folic acid yonke imihla ubuncinane inyanga ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka uyithatha kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna malini.
• Ukuphepha iibhafu ezishushu okanye ii-sauna: Kuphephe ukutshisa umzimba wakho xa usakhula.
• Ukulawula iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile: Ukuba unesifo seswekile, silawule kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
• Ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngamayeza akho: Ukuba usebenzisa nawaphi na amayeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Banokukwazi ukukunika enye indlela ekhuselekileyo.

Ndingafumana phi ulwazi oluthe kratya ngale nto?

Njengakwezinye iimeko ezininzi, ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo nge-Spine Bifida kunye nokunxibelelana namaqela enkxaso asekuhlaleni yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula le meko kunye nokuthintela ezinye iingxaki. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngezi ndawo.

Okokugqibela, khumbula ezi zinto (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa une-Spine Bifida, elo xesha lolonwabo linokuba ngumzuzu ozele luxinzelelo nokungaqiniseki. Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, kwaye usenokungazi ukuba uqale phi.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Awuwedwa. Iqela lakho lezonyango liyaqonda ukuba ezi ndaba zinzima kangakanani. Baza kuba ecaleni kwakho nakwicala lomntwana wakho kuyo yonke inyathelo lendlela, bekunika ukhathalelo olufunayo.

Khumbula, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo kunceda kakhulu umntwana wakho aphile ubomi obungcono. Fundisa abanye ngokubaluleka kwe-folic acid. Ngaphezu kwako konke, nika umntwana wakho uthando oluninzi kunye nenkxaso.

I - spina bifida, iziphene zomthambo womqolo, iziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural, i-folic acid, iziphene zokuzalwa, i-myelomeningocele, impilo yomntwana