Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngequbuliso, okanye ngequbuliso waziva ngathi ibetha esifubeni sakho? Ngamanye amaxesha kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa uziva into efana nale. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, akukho nto yokoyika. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngesi simo siqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abahlangabezana naso, esibizwa ngokuba yi-Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs).
Zithini ezi ziNciphiso zeAtrial zangaphambi kwexesha (iiPAC)?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku ngokulula, masiqale sijonge indlela intliziyo yethu esebenza ngayo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yakho yinjini encinci, kodwa enamandla kakhulu. Ukuze le injini isebenze kakuhle, kufuneka ifumane imiqondiso yombane ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo. Kumagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo yethu (esiwabiza ngokuba yi-"Atria" ngokwezonyango), kwicala lasekunene, kwikona ephezulu, kukho indawo encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Sinus node". Le yindlela esebenza ngayo njenge-'pacemaker' yendalo yentliziyo. Oko kukuthi, ithumela imiqondiso yombane ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo emisela isigqi kunye nesantya ekufuneka intliziyo ibethe ngaso.
Ngoku, ii-Premature Atrial Contractions (ii-PAC) ziphazamisa kancinci le nkqubo iqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, isignali yombane ithunyelwa ngaphambi kwexesha isuka kwenye indawo kwigumbi eliphezulu lentliziyo, kungekhona kwi-"Sinus node". Igama elithi "premature" lithetha "premature." Ngoko ke ngenxa yesi signali sangaphambi kwexesha, intliziyo ibetha kanye ngaphambi kwexesha layo eliqhelekileyo.
Khawuthelekelele, okwenzekayo apha kufana nomntu odlala igubu ngelixa ebetha ngesingqi esifanayo, kodwa ngequbuliso ayibethe kube kanye ngaphandle kwesingqi.
Xa intliziyo ibetha kwangethuba, inokulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukupompa intliziyo ngelo xesha. Ngoko ke loo kubetha kwangethuba kudla ngokuba buthathaka. Emva koko, intliziyo ithatha ikhefu elifutshane imizuzwana embalwa ize ibethe ngokuqhelekileyo kwisantya esilandelayo. Kodwa ngenxa yeso sithuba sifutshane, intliziyo izaliswa ligazi elincinci xa isantya esilandelayo sifika. Ngoko ke eso santya sivakala sinzima kancinci kunesiqhelo. Oko kubetha kuqinileyo koko sikuva ngathi "siphoswe yisantya" okanye "njengokubetha esifubeni."
Ngamafutshane, i-PAC yintliziyo eyongezelelekileyo, engaphambi kwexesha evela kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo. Inokwenzeka nakubantu banoma luphi na ubudala kwaye idla ngokuba yingozi.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu one-PACs?
Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu nangona benee-PACs. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba zikhona, zinokubonakala ngolu hlobo. Makhe sijonge oku ngendlela eyenza kucace ngakumbi.
| Uphawu | Indlela evakalelwa ngayo |
|---|---|
| Isingqi esitsityiweyo | Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo iyekile ukubetha okomzuzwana. Oku kubangelwa kukuthula okufutshane okwenzeka emva kokubetha kwangaphambi kwexesha. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okunamandla (Ukugquma/Ukubetha ngamandla) | Ukuziva unzima ngequbuliso esifubeni. Oku kubangelwa kukubetha kwentliziyo okunamandla okuza emva koko kunqumama. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Imvakalelo yokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo. Kwabanye, oku kunokuvakala ngathi 'kukubetha' esifubeni. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Abanye abantu banokufumana ubunzima obuncinci bokuphefumla okanye ixhala. |
| Ukungabikho kweempawu | Abantu abaninzi bane-PACs kwaye basenokungazi nokuba banazo. Ngamanye amaxesha zifunyanwa ngengozi xa i-ECG yenziwe ngesizathu esithile. |
Kutheni sinezi PAC? Zithini izizathu?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho sizathu sithile se-PACs. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangela le meko. Ezinye zazo zezi:
- Izinto ezichaphazela indlela yokuphila:
- Ukusela kakhulu i-caffeine: Ukusela kakhulu izinto ezifana nekofu, iti, kunye nezinye iziselo ezibandayo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Ukusela utywala.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba: Izinto ezifana neecuba kunye neziselo.
- Uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, uxinzelelo.
- Ukudinwa kunye nokungalali ngokwaneleyo: Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ungalali ngokwaneleyo.
- Izizathu zonyango:
- Ukungalingani kweeminerali emzimbeni:Ukwehla okanye ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-electrolytes, njenge-potassium okanye i-magnesium, egazini.
- Iingxaki zentliziyo ezakhiweyo: Iimeko ezinje ngokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (iCoronary Artery Disease) okanye ukujiya kwemisipha yentliziyo (iHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy).
- Ukonakala kwentliziyo: Ngenxa yesizathu esifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwangaphambili.
- Iingxaki ze-thyroid: Utshintsho kumanqanaba e-thyroid hormone.
- Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza anikwa isifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sengqondo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokungekho mthethweni.
Ukuba une-PACs rhoqo, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukukhangela ezi zizathu.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?
Nangona ii-PACs zinokwenzeka nakubani na, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nazo rhoqo.
- Abantu abade
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo
- Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo
- Abantu abangasebenziyo emzimbeni (abo bangazilolongiyo)
- Abantu abanoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (ingakumbi uxinzelelo lwe-systolic)
- Abantu abanesifo seswekile
- Abantu abanamanqanaba aphantsi e-cholesterol elungileyo (i-HDL cholesterol)
- Abantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sokuvaleka kwemiphunga (COPD)
- Abantu abangaseli manzi aneleyo
- Abantu abatshayayo
- Abantu abasebenzisa i-caffeine okanye izinto ezivuselelayo kakhulu
- Abantu abangalali ngokwaneleyo kwaye abaphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezinokwenzeka nge-PACs?
IiPAC zihlala zingenabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu unePAC rhoqo , oko kungaba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yesingqisho sentliziyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Atrial Fibrillation (Afib)' kwixesha elizayo.
Igama elithi "Frequent" alinantsingiselo ithile. Ngokwezinye izifundo, ii-PAC ezingaphezu kwama-500 kwiiyure ezingama-24 zithathwa njenge "eziqhelekileyo".
I-Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) yimeko apho amagumbi aphezulu entliziyo abetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ngokungalawulekiyo ngaphandle kokulawula. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana nestroke. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuba ufumana ii-PACs ezininzi.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le meko?
Ukuba awunazo ii-PAC xa usiya kugqirha, usenokungakwazi ukuzibona nge-stethoscope. Ke ngoko, ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezi mvavanyo.
| Uvavanyo | Yintoni eyenzayo? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Uvavanyo olusisiseko olurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Ukuba i-PAC irekhodwe ngelo xesha, ukuxilongwa kunokwenziwa. |
| Isixhobo sokujonga intliziyo sexeshana | Le isenokuba 'yiHolter monitor'. Kuya kufuneka unxibe esi sixhobo sincinci usuku, iiveki ezimbini okanye ezimbini. Ngelixa uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, iya kurekhoda rhoqo isingqisho sentliziyo yakho. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-Echocardiogram | Olu luvavanyo lwentliziyo. Lunceda ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki kwiindawo zentliziyo, ezinje ngeevalvu kunye nemisipha. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Jonga amanqanaba ee-electrolytes (i-potassium, i-magnesium) kunye ne-thyroid hormone egazini. |
Ziphathwa njani iiPACs?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile: Uninzi lwexesha, ii-PAC azifuni naluphi na unyango. Zihlala ziphela zodwa.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kakhulu, okanye ukuba ii-PACs zenzeka rhoqo, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akunyange.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Le yinto yokuqala omawuyizame. Abantu abaninzi bafumana isiqabu ngokunciphisa i-caffeine kunye notywala, ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukulala ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo.
- Amayeza:
- Ii-Beta-blockers: Olu hlobo lwamayeza lolona khetho luphambili. Anciphisa isantya sentliziyo kunye namandla okushwabana kwayo, alawula iimpawu.
- Imithi yokulwa nokubetha kwentliziyo: Amayeza akhethekileyo alawula isingqisho sentliziyo. La mayeza adla ngokunikezelwa kuphela xa ii-beta-blockers zingakwazi ukuyilawula.
- Ukususwa kweCatheter:Oku akwenzeki rhoqo. Kule meko, kufakwa umbhobho omncinci (i-catheter) entliziyweni nge-groin okanye ingalo, kwaye inxalenye encinci kakhulu yentliziyo ekhupha imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga iyatshatyalaliswa.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
Ewe. Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ii-Beta-blockers zinokubangela ukudinwa kunye nesiyezi. Amayeza okulwa nokuphazamiseka kwentliziyo aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kufuneka athathwe phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha wakho. Nangona i-catheter ablation idla ngokuba yinkqubo engenamngcipheko mkhulu, kukho iingozi ezincinci kakhulu, ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi kunye nokopha.
Ndingenza ntoni ukulawula ii-PAC kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko?
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa nokulawula ii-PAC zakho.
- Zilolonge rhoqo .
- Nciphisa iziselo ezine-caffeine ezifana nekofu, iti kunye netshokholethi.
- Nciphisa okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi. Kuphephe ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Lala ngokwaneleyo yonke imihla.
- Lawula uxinzelelo. Izinto ezifana neyoga kunye nokucamngca zinokunceda.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba ii-PACs ziyenzeka ngamanye amaxesha, akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko enjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu.
- Ukuba ubuninzi bee-PAC buyanda.
- Ukuba ezi mpawu zihamba neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okungapheliyo, isiyezi, okanye ukuquleka, kufuneka uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo kwaye uphuhlise ii-PACs.
Eminye imibuzo onokuba nayo
Ngaba iiPAC kunye neAtrial Fibrillation (Afib) ziyafana?
Hayi. Ezi zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Ii-PAC zibetha intliziyo enye ngaphambi kwexesha. I-Afib yimeko enzima apho amagumbi aphezulu entliziyo abetha ngesingqi esingaqhelekanga nesikhawulezayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nee-PAC rhoqo kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokufumana i-Afib.
Ngaba yinto ekufuneka ukhathazeke ngayo xa ii-PACs zikhula ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Akunjalo rhoqo. Kuqhelekile ukuba ii-PACs zenzeke ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yotshintsho kwiihomoni kunye nomthamo wegazi. Uninzi lwexesha, ziyaphela zodwa kwaye azidingi unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhathazekile ngale nto, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwee-PAC kunye nee-PVC (ii-Premature Ventricular Contractions)?
Umahluko kukuba isiqalo somqondiso wombane ngaphambi kwexesha siqala phi. Ii-PAC ziqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (Atria) . Ii-PVC ziqala kumagumbi asezantsi entliziyo (Ventricles) . Iimpawu zazo zombini zinokufana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukukhawulelana kwe-Atrial ngaphambi kwexesha (ii-PAC) zizinto eziqhelekileyo kakhulu, ezidla ngokuba zingenabungozi.
- Iimpawu eziphambili zizinto ezifana nokutsiba isingqi kunye nokuva isifuba siqinile.
- Izinto ezichaphazela indlela yokuphila ezifana ne-caffeine, utywala, ukutshaya, uxinzelelo, kunye nokungalali kakuhle zinokuchaphazela oku.
- Abantu abaninzi abadingi nyango. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lulodwa lunika isiqabu.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho zivela rhoqo, ziba nzima, okanye zihamba nezinye iimpawu, ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho.
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