Ngaba nawe usemngciphekweni wokuba nomntwana ngaphambi komhla wakho wokuzalwa? (Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha) Masiqaphele oku!

Ukuba ulindele umntwana, mhlawumbi uziva uloyiko kwaye wonwabile kule mihla, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile ukuzibuza ukuba yonke into iza kuhamba kakuhle na nokuba umntwana uza kuzalwa esempilweni. Okwangoku, ngamanye amaxesha siva, "Owu, umntwana ulapha ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa!" Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale meko yokulungiselela ukuzala ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa , okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza , `(I-Preterm Labor)` . Masithethe ngokulula malunga nokuba yintoni kanye kanye, kutheni isenzeka, singayithintela, kunye nento esinokuyenza ukuba iyenzeka.

Yintoni i-Preterm Labor?

Ngamafutshane, `(I-Preterm Labor)` ithetha ukuba umzimba wakho ulungiselela ukuzala ngaphambi kweveki yama-37 yokukhulelwa kwakho. Ukukhulelwa okunempilo kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezingama-40. Xa iiveki ezingama-37 zigqityiwe, sithi "ukwi-term". Ngaphambi koko, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 , ukuba uqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokubeleka, oko kukuthi `(I-Preterm Labor)`.

Ukuzala yinkqubo umzimba wakho olungiselela ngayo ukufika komntwana wakho. Oku kuquka ukuqinisa nokukhulula izihlunu zesibeleko sakho (ukubhitya) kunye nokuqhekeka kwezicubu zakho (ukuqhekeka kwezicubu) . Kwixesha lokubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha, inxalenye esezantsi yesibeleko sakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cervix , inokuqala ukuvula (okanye ukuvuleka) ngaphambi kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.

Khawucinge nje, xa uNalini wayesele eza kuzala umntwana wakhe wesibini, waqala ukuba neentlungu ezincinci esiswini malunga nenyanga yesi-7. Xa ugqirha wamhlola, wafumanisa ukuba umlomo wesibeleko sakhe wawuvuleke kancinci. Yiyo loo nto oku kufana nayo.

Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba umntwana uza kuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokumisa ukuzala baze bavumele umntwana akhulele ngaphakathi esibelekweni kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Oku kungenziwa ngokulala ebhedini , ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi (ii-IV fluids) , kunye namayeza okuphumza isibeleko.

Kwakhona, kwezinye iimeko, ngenxa yezizathu zonyango ezinxulumene nosana okanye umama, oogqirha bagqiba ekubeni babelethe umntwana kwangethuba. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa (`Preeclampsia`), imeko efana nokuqhawuka kwe-placenta, okanye ukuba umntwana akakhuli kakuhle (`Fetal growth restriction`).

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha? (Kuthetha ukuthini ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha?)

Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, okanye ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kuxa umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kweveki yama-37 yokukhulelwa. Iintsana ezizelwe kwangoko kangaka zinokuba neengxaki zempilo, ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla kunye nobunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa. Yiyo loo nto kwenziwa imizamo yokugcina umntwana esibelekweni ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Yintoni ebangela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha?

Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba yintoni ebangela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha. Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oku. Ezinye zazo zinxulumene nembali yakho yezonyango, ukukhulelwa kwakho kwangaphambili, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo. Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba ngamanye amaxesha abantu abangenazo izinto ezinobungozi banokuhlakulela esi sifo.

Ngaba ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha kunokupheliswa?

Ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka, kodwa uninzi lwexesha iba yeyokwexeshana . Ukuba ubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuyeka okanye okulibazisa ubeleko. Nangona la mayeza engayi kuyimisa ngokupheleleyo, anokunceda imiphunga yomntwana wakho kunye namanye amalungu omzimba ukuba akhule kancinci ukuba uzelwe kwangethuba.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu? Lumka! (Wazi njani ukuba ukhulelwe ngaphambi kwexesha?)

Kubalulekile ukwazi iimpawu zokubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo, kwaye aziphucuki kwiyure enye, okanye ukuba intlungu inzima kwaye ihlala ihleli, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

• Ukuba isibeleko siyafinyela size siphumle amaxesha amane okanye ngaphezulu kwiyure (ukuxinana) , kwaye asinciphi emva kokutshintsha izikhundla okanye ukuphumla.
• Ukuba uhlala uva intlungu ebuhlungu okanye ebuhlungu emqolo wakho ongezantsi, iyafika iphele, okanye ukuba ihlala ihleli (nokuba utshintsha indawo okanye uhlala kwindawo ekhululekileyo).
• Intlungu esiswini esisezantsi, efana nesisu esizaliswe yigesi (isenokuhamba norhudo okanye ingabi nalo).
• Ukuba uziva uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwilungu lobufazi okanye isinqe sakho.
• Intlungu yesisu engapheliyo, efana naleyo efika xa usexesheni.
• Ukuba kukho ulwelo oluphuma kwilungu lobufazi oluphezulu, okanye ukuba kukho ulwelo oluncinci nolupinki.
• Ukuba ulwelo olumanzi luvuza kwilungu lobufazi, olu lusenokuba lulwelo lwe-amniotic .
• Ukuba kukho ukopha kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi.
• Iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, nto leyo ethetha izinto ezifana nokucaphuka nokuhlanza.
• Ukuncipha kwentshukumo yomntwana (ukuba umntwana akashukumi ubuncinane izihlandlo ezithandathu kwiyure).

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba unenye yezi mpawu okanye unamathandabuzo. Musa ukwenza izigqibo wedwa!

Ndingazijonga njani ukuba azikho iintlungu?

Ngamanye amaxesha usenokungaziva ukubhitya kokwenyani, kodwa uzive ukubhitya okungekhoyo, okubizwa ngokuba yiBraxton Hicks contractions , eziyindlela umzimba wakho oqhele ngayo ukuzala. Ukubhitya kokwenyani kuyasondela kwaye kuba buhlungu ngakumbi. Akuyeki nokuba uphumle okanye utshintsha indlela osebenza ngayo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba oko ukuvayo kukubhitya kokwenyani okanye akunjalo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokufumana umntwana kwangethuba? (Yintoni ebangela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha?)

Zininzi izizathu zokuba ukuzala ngaphambi kwexesha kungenzeki. Ezinye zazo sinokuzilawula, kanti ezinye asinakuzilawula.

Izinto ezintathu eziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko ezinefuthe elikhulu:

• Ukuba ukhe wabeleka ngaphambi kwexesha ngaphambili .
• Ukuba ukhulelwe amawele, amawele amathathu okanye nangaphezulu .
• Ukuba unayo, okanye ukhe waba nayo , nayiphi na ingxaki ngesibeleko sakho, umlomo wesibeleko, okanye ibhinqa .

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezinxulumene nokukhulelwa:

• Ukuba bekukho ukopha kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe ngendlela efana ne -``(IVF)`` (ukuchumisa kwi-vitro) .
• Ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba umntwana osesiswini unesiphene sokuzalwa .
• Ukuba ixesha eliphakathi kokukhulelwa okunye nokukhulelwa okulandelayo lifutshane (umzekelo, ukukhulelwa kwakhona ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12-18).

Izinto ezinobungozi ezinxulumene nobudala kunye nohlanga:

• Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-17 okanye ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala .
• Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamaqela athile eentlanga (oku kukubona nje ngokwesayensi, akuqhelekanga kuye wonke umntu).

Izinto ezinobungozi ezinxulumene nendlela yokuphila:

• Ukungabikho kokhathalelo lwangaphambi kokukhulelwa .
• Ukwehla okanye ukwanda kobunzima ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
• Ukungatyebi ngokwaneleyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukulandela ukutya okungafanelekanga .
• Ukutshaya, ukusela utywala, okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni .
• Ukuba nomsebenzi onzima ngokwasemzimbeni (ukuma iiyure ezininzi ngosuku, okanye ukusebenza iiyure ezininzi).
• Ukuba phantsi koxinzelelo okanye ixhala elinzima .
• Ukuchanabeka kwizinto eziyingozi kumntwana (i-teratogens), ezifana neekhemikhali ezinobuthi, i-lead, kunye nemitha .

Izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko ngenxa yezizathu zonyango:

• Izifo ezinganyangwanga zesini (umz., izifo zomchamo (UTIs), izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STIs), okanye ezinye izifo zesibeleko okanye zesini).
• Iimeko ezifana neengxaki zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, umzekelo i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) .
• Iingxaki ze-placenta, ezinje ngokuqhawuka kwe-placenta okanye i-placenta previa .
• Ulwelo lwe-Amniotic (`Polyhydramnios`) okanye ulwelo lwe-amniotic (`Oligohydramnios`) .
• Umlomo wesibeleko omfutshane okanye i-uterus enemilo engaqhelekanga (umzekelo, i-septate uterus okanye i-bicornuate uterus).
• Ukuba ndikhe ndatyandwa ngaphambili emlonyeni wesibeleko okanye esibelekweni .
• Uneengxaki zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi .
• Ukuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi- "Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP)", isifo sesibindi esenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani le nto? (Ifunyanwa njani into yokuba ubelekwe ngaphambi kwexesha?)

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga isibeleko sakho ukuze abone ukuba ukhulelwe ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba isibeleko sakho sisusiwe kwaye sivulekile, usenokuba ukhulelwe ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukongeza kolu vavanyo lwangaphakathi, ugqirha wakho unokuthi:

• I-ultrasound scan: Oku kunokujonga ubungakanani bomntwana, indawo akuyo esibelekweni, kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kwi-placenta okanye kwi-amniotic fluid.
• Jonga ukufinyela: Usenokuba uqhagamshelwe kumatshini olinganisa ipateni yokufinyela kwakho.
• Uvavanyo lwe-fibronectin yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa: Kuthathwa isampulu yolwelo lwakho lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ize ihlolwe ukuba ikhona na iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-fetal fibronectin. Le yiproteni enceda i-amniotic sac ukuba inamathele kwisibeleko. Ukuba khona kwayo kulwelo lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuthetha ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba sele kuqalile ukuzala.

Yintoni eyenziwa ngoogqirha koku? / Ziziphi iindlela zonyango? (Oogqirha baziphatha njani iintlungu zokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha?)

Ukuba ubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha, ungadinga amayeza okucothisa okanye okumisa ukudumba. Ukuba ukudumba kukude kakhulu kwaye akunakuyekiswa, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukubeleka umntwana wakho kwangethuba. Kukwakho namayeza anokunceda imiphunga yomntwana wakho kunye nezinye izitho ukuba zizalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela oku kulandelayo:

• Zingaphi iiveki okhulelweyo?
• Ingaba kukhuselekile ukuba umntwana azalwe ?
• Yintoni ebangela ukuba uphunyelwe sisisu kwangethuba (umz., ingxaki yempilo, ingxaki ye-placenta, usulelo).

Ngawaphi amayeza asetyenziswa ekubelekeni kwangaphambi kwexesha?

Injongo ephambili yamayeza kukuyeka ukuqhubela phambili kokubeleka nokuvumela umntwana ukuba akhulele esibelekweni ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Iintlobo eziphambili zamayeza asetyenziswa kwi-`(Preterm Labor)` zezi:

• IiTocolytics: La mayeza anokumisa ukuzala ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-48 kwaye alibazise ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Emva kokuba ukuzala kulibazisekile, ugqirha wakho unokukunika i-magnesium sulfate okanye ii-corticosteroids . Ungadluliselwa esibhedlele esineYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZingane eziNakekelwayo (NICU) ngeli xesha.
• I-Magnesium sulfate: Eli liyeza elinikwa ngemithambo yegazi. Linceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we -cerebral palsy kunye nokuphazamiseka kokunyakaza kumntwana. Linikwa ukuba ungaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-32 ukhulelwe kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokuzala kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo.
• IiCorticosteroids: Ezi steroid zinceda imiphunga yomntwana, inkqubo yokugaya ukutya, kunye nengqondo yakhe ikhule ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Zihlala zinikwa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-34 zokukhulelwa.

Ukuba ukhe wabeleka ngaphambi kwexesha, ugqirha wakho wokubelekisa angacebisa amayeza okuthintela ukuzala ngaphambi kwexesha. Eyona ixhaphakileyo yiprogesterone . Oku kubandakanya ukufaka i-progesterone suppository (njengepilisi) kwisini. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho angacebisa nenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-cervical cerclage. Oku kubandakanya ukuthunga umlomo wesibeleko uvale ukuze ungavuleki.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuze sithintele ukuzala kwangethuba? (Ndingakuthintela njani ukuzala kwangethuba?)

Nangona kunzima ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuzala kwangaphambi kwexesha, kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuzala kwangaphambi kwexesha:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya, ukusela utywala, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza ngendlela engafanelekanga.
• Zibeke esisindweni esisempilweni ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, kwaye wongeze ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bobunzima ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwaye usele iivithamini zokukhulelwa ezicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
• Fumana iindlela zokunciphisa okanye zokulawula uxinzelelo lwakho. Hlala ukhuthele, hambahamba, funda iincwadi, kwaye uzinike ixesha lokuphumla yonke imihla.
• Yiya kuzo zonke iikliniki zokukhulelwa. Bona ugqirha wamazinyo uze ucoce amazinyo akho. Kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwempilo yeentsini zakho kunye ne-`(Preterm Labor)`.
• Fumana unyango okanye ulawule naziphi na iimeko zempilo onokuba nazo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa (isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa), ukudakumba, okanye usulelo lwangasese.
• Gcina isithuba seenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ubuncinane phakathi kokukhulelwa.

Ufanele uye nini ngokuqinisekileyo kugqirha? (Ufanele uqhagamshelane nini nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha?)

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo zokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko:

• Ukukhupha ulwelo olungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi (ukuvuza kolwelo) okanye ukopha.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye iintlungu zesisu (nokuba norhudo okanye akunjalo).
• Intlungu engapheliyo emqolo osezantsi.
• Ukuziva uxinzelelo kwi-pelvic okanye esiswini.
• "Amanzi akho ayaphuka."

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha, okanye ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha, kunokubangela ukuba umntwana wakho azalwe ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokuqaqamba, ukwanda kokuphuma kolwelo kwilungu lobufazi, ukopha igazi, okanye iintlungu zesinqe, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ngethamsanqa, kukho izinto ugqirha wakho anokuzisebenzisa ukunceda ukulawula ukuqaqamba kwakho. Okukhona umntwana wakho ehlala ixesha elide esibelekweni sakho, kokukhona amathuba okuba abe neengxaki zempilo mancinci. Ukuba uthwele amawele okanye ukhe wabeleka ngaphambi kwexesha okanye wabeleka ngaphambi kwexesha, unokuba sengozini enkulu kancinci.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha kukuhlala usempilweni kulo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho kwaye ulawule iimeko zakho zempilo kakuhle. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zakhe. Musa ukoyika, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi!

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