Ngaba nawe une-high blood pressure? Usenokuba uthatha amayeza angaphezu kwesinye ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Kodwa ukuba usenobunzima bokulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, unobangela usenokuba kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwizintso zakho. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Renal Artery Stenting' olusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinjalo. Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku, masiqonde yonke into ngayo ngokulula.
Yintoni i-Renal Artery Stenting?
Ngamafutshane, imithambo yegazi ephambili ethwala igazi ukuya kwizintso ezimbini emzimbeni wethu ibizwa ngokuba yi-'renal arteries'. Njengemibhobho emibini ephambili ethwala amanzi ukuya egadini. Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto ezinje ngamafutha ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwezi mithambo yegazi (le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'(Atherosclerosis)`) kwaye indlela engaphakathi kwemithambo iba mxinwa. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'renal artery stenosis'.
Khawucinge ngento efana nombhobho wamanzi ovalwe ngumhlwa. Emva koko indlela yamanzi iyancitshiswa, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, indlela eya kwizintso iyavalwa.
I-Renal Artery Stenting lunyango olusetyenziselwa ukuvula kwakhona, okanye ukugcina ivuliwe, umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo. Kule nto, kufakwa umbhobho wesinyithi omncinci kakhulu, ofana ne-mesh (i-stent) kwindawo evalekileyo, uvula umthambo. Emva koko, igazi liqala ukuhamba kakuhle liye kwizintso kwakhona.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene xa imithambo yezintso ivalekile?
Njengoko usazi, omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yezintso zethu kukucoca igazi nokususa iityuwa kunye nolwelo olungafunekiyo emzimbeni njengomchamo. Xa ubungakanani begazi eliya kwizintso buncipha, azikwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. Emva koko, ulwelo luqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni.
Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa kukho nenye into ebalulekileyo eyenzekayo. Xa izintso 'ziva' ukuba igazi alikho kangako, zicinga ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi emzimbeni wonke luyehla. Ngoko ke, ukuze zinyuse uxinzelelo lwegazi, izintso zikhupha ihomoni ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'(renin)'. Le homoni ibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi emzimbeni iqine. Kodwa okwenzekayo kukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi emzimbeni lunokuba kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu ngelo xesha.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olubangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo yezintso ngale ndlela lubizwa ngokuba yiRenal Hypertension . Oku kunzima ukukulawula kunoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu oluqhelekileyo, kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha kunokonakalisa nezintso.
Ngubani ofuna i-stent?
Ayinguye wonke umntu one-renal artery evalekileyo oya kufuna i-stent. Ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa olu nyango kuphela kwiimeko ezithile ezikhethekileyo.
| Imeko | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo | Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi alulawulwa nangona usele amayeza amathathu okanye ngaphezulu anamandla aphezulu okulwa noxinzelelo lwegazi. |
| Ukuvaleka okukhulu kwemithambo yegazi | Ukuba imithambo yezintso engaphezulu kwama-60% ivalekile kwaye ayinakulawulwa ngamayeza. |
| Amanzi agcwalisa imiphunga | Ukuba ngequbuliso uhlaselwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"flash pulmonary edema". |
| Ingxaki ngezintso zombini | Ukuba imithambo yomibini ekhokelela kwizintso zombini ivalwe ngaphezulu kwama-60%. |
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe i-stenting?
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokubeka i-stent, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze abone ukuba i-artery yakho ivalekile kangakanani.
- I-Duplex Doppler Ultrasonography: Oku kufana nokuskena rhoqo. Kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukulinganisa ukuba umthambo unciphile kangakanani kunye nokuba igazi lihamba ngesantya esingakanani.
- I-Computed Tomography Angiogram (CT Angiogram): Oku kuquka ukufaka idayi ekhethekileyo emithanjeni yakho nokusebenzisa i-CT scanner ukuthatha umfanekiso wemithambo enamacala amathathu (3D). Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo apho imithambo ivalekileyo khona.
- I-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA): Oku kufana ne-MRI scan. Idayi ifakwa kwaye i-magnetic field isetyenziselwa ukwenza imifanekiso ecacileyo yemithambo yegazi.
- I-Angiogram: Le yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo. Kule ndlela, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter) ngomthambo osesinqeni okanye engalweni ize ikhokelwe kumthambo wezintso. Emva koko, kufakwa idayi kuyo kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba igazi lihamba njani. Uvavanyo lwe-stenting ludla ngokwenziwa ngexesha lovavanyo.
Kubalulekile: Ngaphambi kolu vavanyo, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho malunga nayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi afana ne-aspirin) kunye nazo naziphi na ii-allergies onokuba nazo.
Utyando lwenziwa njani nge-stenting?
Olu asilotyando olukhulu oluvulelekileyo. Awulaliswa. Unikwa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-'sedation' ukuze uphumle kwaye ulale. Ngoko awuziva ntlungu kwaye awusayi kukhumbula emva koko.
Unyango lulandelayo nje:
1. Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci kakhulu (iimilimitha ezimbalwa) eluswini lwemiqolo okanye ingalo yakho.
2. Ngayo, kufakwa umbhobho oguquguqukayo (isheya) emthanjeni.
3. Ngaloo mbhobho, omnye umbhobho obhityileyo kakhulu (i-catheter) udluliselwa kumthambo ovalekileyo osezintso.
4. Emva koko, ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni kombhobho iyavuthelwa ukuze kwandiswe indawo evalekileyo.
5. Okokugqibela, i-stent efana ne-mesh esithethe ngayo ngaphambili ibekwa kwindawo ebanzi. I-stent icinezela eludongeni lomthambo, igcina umthambo uvulekile.
6. I-stent ibekwa apho ngokusisigxina, ibhaluni kunye nombhobho ziyasuswa, i-incision iyavalwa, kwaye kufakwa ibhandishi.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi emva konyango?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci.
| Iingenelo | Iingozi |
|---|---|
| Ukuba yindlela elula engenamsikelo omkhulu. | Ukugruzuka okanye ukopha apho ityhubhu ifakiwe khona. |
| Ukubuyiselwa kokuhamba kwegazi kwizintso. | Ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi okanye kwezintso (kunqabile kakhulu). |
| Ukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. | Amahlwili egazi. |
| Ukukhusela ukusebenza kwezintso. | Ukunganyamezelani nodayi. |
Emva konyango, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iiyure ezimbalwa okanye mhlawumbi ubusuku bonke. Uya kukwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya. Uya kukwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo malunga neveki.Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (afana ne-'Aspirin', 'Clopidogrel') anikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo. Ungaze uyeke ukuwathatha amayeza ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone ugqirha kwakhona?
Kwanasemva kokuba i-stent ifakiwe, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uye kutyelelo olulandelayo njengoko ugqirha ecebisa, kuba ngamanye amaxesha i-stent okanye enye indawo inokuphinda ivaleke.
Ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko:
- Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.
- Ukuba kuvela irhashalala eluswini.
- Ukuba indawo apho ityhubhu ifakwe khona ibomvu, idumbile, ibuhlungu, okanye ukuba kukho igazi okanye ubomvu obuphuma apho.
- Ukuba umlenze kwicala elinyangiweyo uba buhlungu, ubanda, okanye ube mdaka.
- Ukuba uqalisa ukuba nentlungu entsha esiswini sakho okanye kwicala elinyangiweyo.
- Ukuba uziva unesizungu kwaye uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luyehla kakhulu.
I-stent yinxalenye yomzimba ehlala ihleli. Ihlala ingenabuhlungu. Nangona inokunceda abantu abaninzi ukulawula uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi oluphezulu, usenokufuna ukuthatha amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba oku ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Renal Artery Stenting lunyango olulula nolungangenisi ntlungu xa kuvaliwe kakhulu imithambo yegazi ekhokelela kwizintso.
- Oku kunceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, olunzima ukululawula, kwaye kukhusela izintso.
- Emva konyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza okunciphisa igazi anikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo.
- Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kwintlanganiso yokulandelela ngemihla ecwangcisiweyo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinje ngomkhuhlane, iintlungu eziqatha, okanye ukopha, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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