Ngaba nawe unengxaki efanayo namehlo akho? Masifunde ngemeko yeRetinoschisis!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba i-retina engaphakathi kweliso lakho, inxalenye efana nesikrini yeliso lakho eyenza imifanekiso esiyibonayo, ngequbuliso yahlukana ibe ziingqimba ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu? Leyo yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi. Le yinto oogqirha abayibiza ngokuba yi-'(Retinoschisis)'. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngayo ngokulula.

Yintoni iRetinoschisis? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, `(Retinoschisis)` kuxa i-retina engaphakathi kweliso lakho yahlukana ibe ziileya. Ngokuchanekileyo, yahlukana ibe ziileya ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Ubusazi, i-retina yethu yi-membrane entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Ineleya evakalelwa kukukhanya, kunye neleya yeeseli ezithwala imiqondiso eya ebuchotsheni nge-'optic nerve'. Ngoko ke, xa ezi leya zahlukana ngolu hlobo, zinokuchaphazela umbono wakho. Cinga ngayo ngathi amaphepha encwadi awanamatheliswanga kwaye ahlukene. Ezi zahlulo zinokwenzeka embindini we-retina, kodwa zihlala zenzeka emaphethelweni, oko kukuthi, 'kwi-periphery'.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-retinoschisis?

Le meko, ``Retinoschisis'', ayiqhelekanga. Kodwa kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale meko. Enye ifunyanwa , enye izalwa nayo .

I-Retinoschisis eqala kamva (i-Retinoschisis efunyenweyo)

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi -'degenerative retinoschisis' . Oko kuthetha ukuba yinto eyenzeka xa umntu ekhula, into enxulumene nokuguguleka kancinci. Uninzi lwexesha, oku kubonakala malunga neminyaka engama-50, engama-60, okanye engama-70 ubudala. Yingakho abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuba yi -'senile retinoschisis' . Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha abantu abancinci nabo banokuba nale meko.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-retinoschisis ewohlokayo. Olunye lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo , kwaye olunye lolona hlobo lwe-bullous okanye i-reticular . Kuhlobo lwe-bullous, ama-blister amancinci anamanzi ayenzeka kwi-retina. Kunzima kancinci ukwahlula phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwe-bullous lunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba luvelise imingxunya ye-retina kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-retina.

Kukho olunye uhlobo lwe -myopic macular schisis . Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-myopic traction maculopathy okanye i-myopic foveoschisis . Ivela kumbindi we-retina, ebizwa ngokuba yi-macula , kwaye ngokukodwa embindini we-macula, ebizwa ngokuba yi-fovea . Ihlala ibonakala kubantu abane-myopia enzima okanye abangaboni kakuhle.

I-Congenital Retinoschisis

Uyazi, xa sisithi into esizalwa nayo, ithetha into ekwimizimba yethu xa sizalwa. Olu hlobo lwe-`(Retinoschisis)` lubizwa ngokuba yi -`juvenile X-linked retinoschisis`.Yimeko eqala ebuntwaneni, okanye ebuntwaneni, kwaye inxulunyaniswa ne-chromosome X. Idla ngokuchaphazela omabini amehlo.

Le meko, `i-juvenile X-linked retinoschisis`, ichaphazela kakhulu amakhwenkwe. Oomama babo bathwala i-gene yayo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, oomama ababi naso esi sifo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweRetinal Detachment kunye neRetinoschisis?

Nangona ezi zimbini zivakala zifana, kukho umahluko omncinci. Cinga ngayo, ukuqhekeka kwe-retina kuxa i-retina yahlukana ngokupheleleyo nezicubu ezixhasayo ize iphume. Kufana nepowusta ephuma eludongeni.

I-Retinoschisis ayikokwahlukana kwe-retina, kodwa kukwahlukana kwe-retina ibe ziingqimba. Le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nzima ukuyifumanisa, nokuba yingcali yamehlo. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye.

Ngamanye amaxesha zombini ezi meko, ezizezi `(Retinal detachment)` kunye `(Retinoschisis)`, zinokwenzeka ngaxeshanye. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu ukuba unohlobo `(lokuzalwa)` lwe `(Retinoschisis)` olukhoyo ekuzalweni.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yiRetinoschisis?

Abaphandi bathi imeko yokuzalwa ethi 'i-juvenile X-linked retinoschisis' yenzeka kumntu omnye kwabayi-5,000 okanye omnye kwabayi-25,000. Elo lipesenti eliphantsi kakhulu.

I-retinoschisis ewohlokayo, imeko eyenzeka xa abantu bekhula, kuqikelelwa ukuba ichaphazela malunga ne-4% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba inokuchaphazela phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-4% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.

Zithini iimpawu zeRetinoschisis? Ngaba nawe unazo ezi?

Into emangalisayo kukuba ngamanye amaxesha unokuba nale meko ngaphandle kweempawu . Kodwa ukuba unazo iimpawu, makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi.

Ukuba une-"juvenile X-linked retinoschisis" yokuzalwa, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Amehlo abonakala ngathi ajonge empumlweni (njengamehlo anqamlezileyo).
• Amehlo awahlali ndaweni nye kwaye ayahamba-hamba emva nangaphambili (nystagmus).
• Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo i-retina, kusenokubakho ukulahleka kombono ophakathi okanye we-foveal okanye umbono ongaphandle.
• Iingxaki zokubona umgama (ngokuqhelekileyo ukubona kude).

Ukuba unesifo se-retinoschisis, unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Ukungakwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo kuzo zombini iindlela (ukulahlekelwa kukubona okusecaleni).
• Ngamanye amaxesha, akukho zimpawu zinokwenzeka.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-retinoschisis yakho iba qatha, okanye ukuba ihamba nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukubona izinto ezincinci ezimnyama zidada phambi kwamehlo ('iiflethi') kunye nokubona ukukhanya okukhawulezileyo ('iiflethi').
• Ukubona izinto zinwebeka kwaye zigqwethekile ('imifanekiso egqwethekileyo').
• Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo i-retina, kusenokubakho ukulahleka kombono ophakathi okanye ongaphandle.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza. Kuba unyango lwangethuba lubaluleke kakhulu kwiingxaki zokubona.

Kutheni i-Retinoschisis isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

I-retinoschisis yokuzalwa idla ngokubangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo . Sathi ngaphambili inxulumene ne-X, oko kuthetha ukuba inxulumene nezakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe kumama.

Nangona kunjalo, izazinzulu azikafumani unobangela ochanekileyo wesifo esithi "acquired retinoschisis." Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba umngcipheko wokuba nayo uyanda xa ukhula, ingakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-40.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-retinoschisis? (Ukuxilongwa)

Le meko idla ngokuchongwa yingcali yamehlo (ophthalmologist) . Emva kovavanyo lwamehlo olupheleleyo (uvavanyo lwamehlo olupheleleyo), kunokwenziwa ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-Ophthalmoscopy okanye i-fundoscopy: Kule meko, ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-ophthalmoscope) ukujonga ingaphakathi lamehlo akho, ingakumbi i-retina.
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Olu luvavanyo olungangenisi ntsholongwane olusebenzisa ukukhanya ukwenza imifanekiso ecacileyo yangaphakathi nangasemva kweliso lakho. Lunokubona ngokucacileyo iileya ze-retina.
• I-B-scan ultrasonography: Olu luvavanyo lwe-ultrasound olungenalo uhlaselo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi kweliso.
• I-Electroretinography (ERG): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa indlela amehlo akho asabela ngayo ekukhanyeni ngequbuliso. Oku kunceda ekulinganiseni umsebenzi we-retina.
• I-Angiography: Olu vavanyo luthatha imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi kwi-retina yakho. Lusebenzisa iidayi ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-fluorescein okanye i-indocyanine green.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuba yi-juvenile X-linked retinoschisis, banokucebisa olu vavanyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Retinoschisis? Ngaba inganyangeka?

Ukuthetha inyani, imeko `(Retinoschisis)`Ayinakuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, inokulawulwa. Oogqirha banokucebisa iiglasi okanye ezinye izinto ezinceda ukubona kakuhle ukuze kuncede ukubona kwakho.

• Ukuba une -retinoschisis , usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango. Ugqirha wakho usenokucinga ukuba le yimeko engeyongozi kwaye ayifuni unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneengxaki zokujonga izinto ezingafunekiyo, ezifana nokubona izinto ezikufutshane okanye ukubona izinto ezikude, unokufuna iiglasi.
• Ukuba une- "juvenile X-linked retinoschisis" yokuzalwa , kuya kufuneka usebenzise iiglasi xa uneengxaki zokubona.

Ngamanye amaxesha, imithambo yegazi kwi-retina inokuqhekeka kwaye ibangele ukopha ngaphakathi kweliso. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kubekho i-cryoablation okanye unyango lwe-laser ukuze kumiswe ukopha.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba une-retina decline, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka utyando ukuze kufakwe kwakhona i-retina.

Abaphandi basazama ukufumana unyango olutsha lwe-retinoschisis enxulumene ne-X eselula, kuquka unyango lwezakhi zofuzo , unyango lweeseli ze-stem , kunye neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-dorzolamide .

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela i-retinoschisis?

Ngelishwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthintela uphuhliso lwe-"Retinoschisis" .

Akukho sizathu saziwayo se-acquired retinoschisis, ngoko ke akukho ndlela yokuyithintela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onembali ye-X-linked retinoschisis eselula, kulungile ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuthetha nomcebisi wezofuzo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-retinoschisis?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, akukho nyango lwale meko. Ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela ukulahleka okukhulu kokubona, ngamanye amaxesha ide ibe yimfama ngokusemthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basenokungadingi naluphi na unyango konke konke. Kuxhomekeke kubukhali kunye nohlobo lwemeko yakho.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-retinoschisis?

Ukuba une-`(Retinoschisis)`, kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo onokuzenza:

• Fumana uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Hlola amehlo akho rhoqo , njengoko kucetyisiwe ngugqirha wakho.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokunceda ukubona kancinci.Kwakhona, funda ngeteknoloji yokuziqhelanisa enokukunceda wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokulula. Oku kubalulekile kuwe nakumntwana wakho ukuba unale meko.
• Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulibala nokuba lutshintsho luncinci.

Ukulahlekelwa nayimbono encinci kunokoyikisa. Kodwa khumbula, akufuneki ukuba ulwenze wedwa. Hlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho wamehlo. Buza iqela lakho lezonyango malunga namaqela enkxaso kunye nezinye izixhobo. Sebenzisa iinkonzo ababonelela ngazo. Banokukunika imfundo, ukwabelana ngamava nabanye, kunye noncedo lobuchwephesha.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kwinto esithethe ngayo (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zikhunjulwe:

• I-Retinoschisis yimeko apho i-retina yahlukana ibe ziingqimba, nto leyo enokuchaphazela umbono.
• Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale nto: enxulumene nobudala kunye neyokuzalwa.
• Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu , kodwa abanye banokuba neempawu ezifana nokuncipha kokubona kunye nokuxhuzula kwamehlo.
• Nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo loku, lunokulawulwa. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo kunye novavanyo zibalulekile.
• Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unale meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wamehlo rhoqo uze ulandele iingcebiso zakhe .
• Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu.
• Awuwedwa, kukho iindawo neendlela zokufumana uncedo.

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Lumka amehlo akho!

I- Retinoschisis, ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal, izifo zamehlo, ukulahleka kokubona, impilo yamehlo, izifo zemfuza, uvavanyo lwamehlo