Ngaba wakha wahlolwa amehlo waza ugqirha wajonga ngaphakathi kweliso lakho ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo wathi, "Ndibona indawo encinci ngaphakathi kweliso lam"? Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa usiva loo nto. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. La mabala, okanye 'amabala eRoth', ziimpawu esiqhele ukuzibona ngaphandle, kodwa zinokuba lulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nempilo yethu. Ngoko ke masithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela ehloniphekileyo namhlanje.
Zithini kanye kanye iiRoth Spots?
Ngamafutshane, amabala eRoth zizinto ezincinci eziphuma kwi-membrane ebukhali ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-retina. Cinga ngamehlo ethu njengekhamera. Kudonga olungasemva lwaloo khamera kukho le membrane ebizwa ngokuba yi-retina. Kulapho imifanekiso yezinto esizibonayo irekhodwa khona.
Kukho uthungelwano oluhle kakhulu lwemithambo yegazi esasazeke kwi-retina njengentambo yesigcawu. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile kuphuma ithontsi elincinci legazi kwenye yale mithambo yegazi, yiloo nto ugqirha ayibona njengeRoth spot.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, awunakuzibona ezi ndawo xa uzijonga esipilini . Kwaye akukho mntu unokuzibona xa ejonga nje emehlweni akho. Ukuze uzibone, udinga isixhobo esikhethekileyo, njengesibane esincinci okanye i-ophthalmoscope, esetyenziswa yingcali yamehlo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, la mabala awayichaphazeli indlela obona ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba la mabala abonakala embindini we-retina, inxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-macula, esinceda sibone ngqo phambili, unokubona utshintsho oluncinci ekuboneni kwakho.
Zibonakala njani ezi ndawo?
Xa ugqirha ejonga loo sixhobo, i-retina esempilweni idla ngokubonakala njengombala o-orenji-otyheli. Ibala le-Roth libonakala lihlukile kule mvelaphi ngombala omnyama. Libala elibomvu elimnyama, elinombala omdaka. Kukho ichaphaza elincinci elimhlophe phakathi kweli bala.
Isayensi engasemva koku ilula kakhulu. Inxalenye emnyama ligazi eliphume emthanjeni. Ichaphaza elimhlophe eliphakathi luphawu lokuba indawo yokopha ivaliwe kwaye iqala ukuphola ngenxa yenkqubo yendalo yokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wethu (i-hemostasis). Kufana nokubeka iplasta kwinxeba elincinci, into eyenziwa ngumzimba ngaphakathi.
Kutheni le nto ezi Roth Spots zenzeka?
Ngaphambili, ngeminyaka yoo-1800, izazinzulu zaqala ukucinga ukuba amabala eRoth abangelwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Infective Endocarditis." Olu lusulelo oluvela ngaphakathi entliziyweni, ingakumbi kwiivalvu zentliziyo. Olu sulelo lunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane.
Khawucinge nje ukuba amahlwili egazi amancinci asulelekileyo abangelwa lolu sulelo entliziyweni ahamba emzimbeni wonke kunye negazi. Njengoko ehamba, eli hlwili legazi linokunamathela kwimithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu ngaphakathi kweliso. Emva koko loo mthambo wegazi uyaqhuma, wophe igazi, uze emva koko kubekho ibala leRoth.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutsha lufumanise ukuba 'i-Infective Endocarditis' ayisiyo yodwa imbangela yamabala eRoth. Enyanisweni, ibangela ipesenti encinci kuphela yamatyala, malunga ne-5%. Amabala eRoth angaba luphawu loluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zonyango.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zezo zizathu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Udidi olunokwenzeka lwesizathu | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Izifo zegazi | I-Anemia, i-Thrombocytopenia |
| Umhlaza | Iimeko ezifana neLeukemia kunye neMultiple Myeloma |
| Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni | Izifo ezifana neLupus (SLE), isifo sikaBehçet |
| Izifo zentliziyo kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) |
| Iintsholongwane | I-HIV, iToxoplasmosis, iLeishmaniasis, usulelo olukhulu lweentsholongwane ezingcanjini zamazinyo |
| Iimeko ze-metabolic | Isifo Seswekile (Uhlobo Lwesibini Lwesifo Seswekile) |
| Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa | Iimeko ezifana ne-Preeclampsia kunye ne-Eclampsia |
| Ukunqongophala kweoksijini (i-Anoxia) | Ityhefu ye-carbon monoxide, ekwiindawo eziphakamileyo (ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-12,000) |
| Ukwenzakala | Ukulimala entloko (Ukungqubana kweengqondo, Ukulimala kobuchopho obubuhlungu - iiTBI), ukwenzakala kwamehlo, i-Shaken baby syndrome |
Iphathwa njani le nto?
Into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba akukho ndlela yokunyanga ngokuthe ngqo amabala eRoth kuba ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu lwesifo kuphela.
Ngoko ke, unyango alukho kwiRoth spot ngokwayo, kodwa lukwimeko esisiseko eyibangeleyo . Umzekelo, ukuba ibala libangelwa sisifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, ugqirha uya kunyanga isifo seswekile ukuze asilawule. Ukuba sibangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, siya kunyangwa. Ukuba sibangelwa sisifo, kuya kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuloo ntsholongwane.
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ngolona nyango lufanelekileyo loku. Xa unobangela unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, la mabala aya kunyamalala kancinci kancinci.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ayinyangwa?
Amabala eRoth afana nophawu lwesilumkiso. Nangona eli bala ngokwalo lisenokungabangeli monakalo mkhulu, imeko ebangela ukuba libe yingozi idla ngokuba yingozi kakhulu .
Khawucinge nje, ukuba ugqirha wakho wamehlo ubona indawo efana nale, uza kukuthumela kugqirha oyintloko. Emva koko, loo gqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo (olufana novavanyo lwegazi, iiskeni) ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni unobangela wokwenene wala mabala. Nje ukuba unobangela ufunyaniswe, uza kuqala unyango ngokwakhe okanye akuthumele kwingcali efanelekileyo (umz., ingcali yentliziyo, ingcali yomhlaza).
Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona indawo, ungayinaki. Ngumyalezo obalulekileyo onikwa ngumzimba wakho. Ukuba uyawuphulaphula loo myalezo uze wenze oko ugqirha wakho akuthethayo, ungayisombulula ngaphambi kokuba ibe yingxaki enkulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amabala eRoth luhlobo lwebala elivela ngaphakathi kweliso. Ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu lwesinye isifo.
- Awunakuzibona okanye uzive ezi zinto ngesipili. Ngugqirha kuphela osebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo onokuzibona.
- Ukuba ubona la mabala, oko kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki yempilo kwenye indawo emzimbeni (umz. isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, usulelo, umhlaza).
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaphakuzeli, bonana nogqirha wakho , ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo wala mabala, uze uwanyange.
- Xa imeko engaphantsi inyangiwe, amabala eRoth adla ngokuziphelela.
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