Ngaba iithumba ezinje zingakhula kwimithambo-luvo yakho? Masifunde nge-'Schwannoma'!

Ngaba wakha waliva igama elithi 'Schwannoma'? Eli lisenokuba ligama elitsha kuwe. Enyanisweni luhlobo lwethumba elenzeka kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Ungakhathazeki, alisoloko liyingozi. Masithethe ngalo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-'Schwannoma'?

Ngamafutshane, le 'Schwannoma' sisimila esiphuma 'kwiiseli zeSchwann' emzimbeni wethu. Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi 'seli zeSchwann', akunjalo? Ezi ziiseli 'zenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo' , oko kukuthi, uhlobo lweseli oluyila isheya ejikeleze imicu yemithambo-luvo ephuma kwingqondo nakwintambo yomqolo. Kufana neplastiki egqume ucingo lombane. Ezi seli zikhusela imithambo-luvo yethu kwaye zinceda imiyalezo yemithambo-luvo ukuba ihambe ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke ezi 'seli zeSchwann' zezo zivelisa ezi zicubu ezibizwa ngokuba yi'Schwannomas'.

Uninzi lwexesha, malunga ne-90% yexesha, ezi 'Schwannomas' azinabungozi . Oko kuthetha ukuba azisasazeki emzimbeni wonke, zihlala kwindawo enye. Nangona kunjalo, azifane zibe yingozi . Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi. Ezi thumba zihlala zikhula kancinci .

Ezi thumba zinokukhula naphi na emzimbeni, naphi na apho kukho imithambo-luvo. Umzekelo, zixhaphake kakhulu kwimithambo-luvo ehamba ukusuka ebuchotsheni bethu ukuya ezindlebeni zethu. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi -'vestibular schwannoma' okanye 'acoustic neuroma' . I-Malignant schwannomas idla ngokuchaphazela 'i-sciatic nerve' emlenzeni, 'i-brachial plexus' engalweni, kunye 'ne-sacral plexus' emqolo ongezantsi.

I-Schwannomas ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-neurilemmomas okanye i-neuromas. Ukuba inomhlaza, inokubizwa ngokuba yi- soft tissue sarcomas .

Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, i-90% yexesha, le 'Schwannoma' ifumaneka njengethumba elinye kuphela.

Yintoni 'iVestibular Schwannoma'?

Sele sithethe kancinci nge-vestibular schwannoma ngaphambili. Olu luhlobo lwe-schwannoma oluqala kwimithambo-luvo engaphakathi kwendlebe enoxanduva lokuva kwethu kunye nokulinganisela. Oku akusoloko kubangelwa ngumhlaza, kwaye kukhula kancinci.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko eli thumba likhula, liqala ukucinezela imithambo-luvo enxulumene nokuva kunye nokulinganisela. Kulapho ke:

• Ukuva kwindlebe echaphazelekayo kuqala ukuncipha kancinci kancinci .
• I-Tinnitus yisandi esivakala ngathi sisandi esivakala ngathi sisandi esivakalayo ezindlebeni.
• Ngamaxesha athileKuvakala ngathi yisiyezi.

Ngaba i-'schwannoma' lithumba ebuchotsheni?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba le 'schwannoma' ihlala iyithumba lobuchopho. Enyanisweni, ayinjalo. Ingakhula ngaphakathi kwengqondo okanye entlokweni, kodwa ingakhula nakwimithambo-luvo naphi na emzimbeni. Kuba, njengoko besitshilo, ezi zenziwe 'ziiseli zeSchwann', kwaye ezo seli zikwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba, oko kukuthi, kwimithambo-luvo ebaleka isuka ebuchotsheni iye kuwo wonke umzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo esithethe ngalo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Vestibular Schwannoma', luthathwa njengethumba lobuchopho .

Ngubani ofumana uSchwannoma?

Ezi 'Schwannomas' zithanda ukukhula rhoqo kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 nama-60 ubudala. Zinqabile kakhulu ebantwaneni abancinci.

IiSchwannomas zihlala zikhula ngokungacwangciswanga kubantu abaphilileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, iiSchwannomas zinokukhula ngenxa yeemeko zemfuza ezifana ne -neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) , i-schwannomatosis , okanye iCarney complex . Abantu abanezi meko zemfuza banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-schwannomas ezingaphezu kwesinye.

Ixhaphake kangakanani iSchwannoma?

I-Schwannoma sisisu esingaqhelekanga . Khawucinge nje, nakwilizwe elifana neMelika, abantu abangaphantsi kwamakhulu amabini amawaka bachaphazeleka sesi sifo minyaka le. Yi-60% kuphela yeeSchwannomas ezingezizo ezomhlaza (ezingenobungozi) eziyi-'vestibular Schwannoma' esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.

Zithini iimpawu zeSchwannoma?

Ngenxa yokuba la maSchwannoma akhula kancinci kakhulu , asenokungabonakalisi zimpawu kangangeminyaka. Kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba la mathumba anokukhula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, iimpawu zinokwahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu . Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezininzi, kwaye zinokuba buthathaka kakhulu, ngelixa abanye benokuba buhlungu kakhulu.

Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Iqhuma okanye ithumba elibonakalayo . Oku kunokuvakala kubuhlungu kancinci xa kuchukunyiswa okanye kucinezelwa.
• Ukuziva ungenamthungo .
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha .
• Ivakala ngathi ziimbovane ezirhubuluzayo okanye iinaliti (oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuba yi-'paresthesia').
• Intlungu ebukhali efana nentlungu evuthayo, ehlabayo, okanye ehlabayo .

Kubalulekile: Ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye iimeko, ngoko ke ukuba unento efana nale, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Iimpawu ziyahluka njani ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba

• I-Vestibular SchwannomaNjengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, abo banayo banokufumana iingxaki zokuva nokulinganisela , kwaye banokufumana ingxolo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus).
• Ukuba la mathumba akheka kwimithambo-luvo yobuso bakho, anokuchaphazela amandla akho okuginya, ukuhambisa amehlo akho, kunye nokungcamla . Usenokulahlekelwa nangumandla okusebenzisa icala elinye lobuso bakho (facial paralysis) .
• Ukuba i-schwannoma ikhula kwi -sciatic nerve emlenzeni, inokubangela iintlungu zomqolo kunye nentlungu ephuma emlenzeni, njengediski ye-herniated .

Yintoni ebangela iSchwannoma?

Enyanisweni, uninzi lwexesha, unobangela ochanekileyo weSchwannoma awaziwa . Yi-90% kuphela yamatyala ayenzeka ngamaxesha athile.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iiSchwannomas zinokukhula ngenxa yeemeko zemfuza ezifana neCarney complex, iNeurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), kunye neSchwannomatosis. Izifundo zemfuza zibonise ukuba i-NF2 gene kwi-chromosome yethu 22 yeyona nto iphambili ebangela uphuhliso lweeSchwannomas.

Ifunyanwa njani iSchwannoma?

Ngenxa yokuba la mathumba akhula kancinci, anokuba khona iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba ube neempawu. Ngoko ke kungathatha ixesha ukufumana uxilongo . Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo oluthile. Ngamanye amaxesha, ithumba lifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lokuhlolwa ngesinye isizathu.

Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olunokunceda ekufumaneni i-schwannoma zezi:

• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu. Lusebenzisa imagnethi enkulu, amaza erediyo, kunye nekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu omzimba kunye nezakhiwo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Olu lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo lokufumana nokuxilonga iSchwannoma.
• Iskeni se-CT (Computed Tomography) : Oku kusebenzisa ii-X-reyi kunye nekhompyutha ukuthatha imifanekiso yezakhiwo ezingaphakathi emzimbeni.
• I-ultrasound scan : Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi asebenza rhoqo ukuthatha imifanekiso okanye iividiyo zamalungu omzimba okanye izicubu ezithambileyo emzimbeni. Oogqirha basebenzisa oku ukufumana ii-schwannomas phantsi kolusu.

Ugqirha wakho angenza i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngokwenene yi-schwannoma okanye umhlaza. Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yeqhubu usebenzisa inaliti. Ingcali yezifo, oko kukuthi, ugqirha oyingcali ohlola iisampulu zezicubu ezinje, ajonge iiseli ezikule sampuli ngemicroscope, aze emva koko enze olunye uvavanyo ukuze afumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwethumba olu.

Ziphathwa njani iiSchwannomas?

Unyango lwe-schwannoma luxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nokuba i-tumor ikuphi, ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, kunye neempawu ozifumanayo .

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:

• Ukuqwalaselwa/ukulinda uze ulinde : Ukuba ithumba alinamhlaza (elingenabungozi), likhula kancinci kakhulu, kwaye awunazo iimpawu okanye lincinci kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ujongwe ngokusondeleyo endaweni yonyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba baya kukuskena rhoqo ukuze babone ukuba ithumba liyakhula okanye ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezintsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba liyakhula okanye ukuba uneempawu kamva, banokucebisa unyango.
• Utyando : Ukuba ithumba likhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ukuba likukhathaza ngeempawu, okanye ukuba libangela ezinye iingxaki, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando ukuze lisuswe . Ngokwesiqhelo, lonke ithumba liyasuswa, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, kuxhomekeke kwindawo elikuyo ithumba, ugqirha unokukwazi ukususa inxalenye yethumba kuphela. I-Schwannomas yakheka kwisingxobo esijikeleze imithambo-luvo, ngoko ke utyando lunokwenziwa ngaphandle kokonakalisa imithambo-luvo . Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokulahlekelwa kukuva emva kotyando lwe-vestibular schwannomas.
• Unyango ngemitha : Olu nyango lusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo, ezifana notyando lwe-stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) , ukutshabalalisa ithumba ngokuthumela imisebe yemitha egxile ngqo. Ukuba ithumba likufutshane nemithambo yegazi ebalulekileyo okanye imithambo-luvo , ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu hlobo lonyango ngemitha ukuze aphephe iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngotyando.

Ukongeza koku , amayeza e-immunotherapy kunye ne-chemotherapy asetyenziswa nakwi-malignant schwannoma.

Ngaba iSchwannoma ingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho ndlela yokuthintela ezi 'schwannomas'. Uninzi lwexesha, zikhula ngokungacwangciswanga, kungekho sizathu saziwayo. Malunga ne-10% yamatyala anxulunyaniswa neemeko ezithile zemfuza, nto leyo eyenza abantu babe namathuba amaninzi okufumana ezi thumba.

Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye wafunyaniswa ukuba une-neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), i-schwannomatosis, okanye i-Carney complex, thetha nogqirha wakho . Usenokucebisa ukuba ufumane ingcebiso ngemfuza ukuze ubone ukuba nawe unayo na le meko.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yesifo seSchwannoma?

Esi sisifo seSchwannoma.Ingqikelelo, oko kukuthi, indlela esi sifo esiya kukuchaphazela ngayo kwixesha elide, ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Apho ithumba likhona emzimbeni.
• Ingakanani ithumba.
• Ukuba kwenziwe utyando, ingakanani ithumba elisusiweyo .
• Nokuba ithumba linesifo somhlaza (elibi) okanye elingenobungozi (elingenobungozi) .

Ngokubanzi, ikamva le-schwannoma lilungile . Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba ithumba lisusiwe ngokupheleleyo, aliyi kuphinda likhule .

Uninzi lweengxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yesi 'Schwannoma' zenzeka emva kotyando lokususa ithumba . Ezi zilandelayo zinokubangela iingxaki emva kotyando:

• Ukuba ithumba likhulu kakhulu .
• Ukuba ithumba linzulu emzimbeni.
• Ukuba ithumba liqale kwi-ulnar nerve, ngomnye wemithambo-luvo emithathu ephambili esandleni sakho.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga neSchwannoma?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-schwannoma, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze akunike iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula i-schwannoma yakho , nokuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ezikhoyo ziya zisiba mandundu .

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukucebise ukuba uyijonge ithumba ngaphandle konyango, kufuneka uye kuye ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe . Emva koko unokwenza uvavanyo lwemifanekiso (njenge-MRI) ukujonga ukukhula kunye nemeko yethumba.

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa ufumanisa ukuba unethumba. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-schwannoma luhlobo lwethumba oluhlala lungengomhlaza kwaye lukhula kancinci . Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunceda ukhethe isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Isenokuba kukujonga nje ithumba, ukususwa ngotyando, okanye enye into. Ungoyiki ukubuza imibuzo, nokuba kwenzeka ntoni na . Ugqirha wakho uhlala ekhona ukukunceda.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoku unombono olungileyo malunga nento ebesithetha ngayo, Schwannoma. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-schwannoma sisimila esiphuma kwiiseli zeSchwann ezijikeleze imithambo-luvo. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azinazo umhlaza .
• Ezi zikhula kancinci kakhulu , ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha kungathatha iminyaka ukubonisa iimpawu.
• Iimpawu ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ithumba likuphi emzimbeni . Umzekelo, kunokubakho ukulahlekelwa kukuva, ukukhala ezindlebeni, ukungaziva kakuhle, iintlungu, kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha.
• Ziyeke ezi zikhule.Isizathu esichanekileyo asisoloko singaziwa, kodwa sinokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezithile zemfuza .
• I-MRI scan yeyona ndlela iphambili neyona ilungileyo yokubona ezi zinto.
• Unyango lunokubandakanya ukujongwa kwethumba, ukususwa ngotyando, okanye unyango ngemitha . Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nendawo elikuyo ithumba.
• Ungakhathazeki , iSchwannoma idla ngokuba yimeko elawulwa kakuhle nenyangekayo. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iingxaki, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.

I- Schwannoma, ii-neuromas, iiseli zeSchwann, i-vestibular schwannoma, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, iithumba ezingezizo zomhlaza, i-MRI scan