Kutshanje, besisoloko sisiva ngezifo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nomkhuhlane, akunjalo? Kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-dengue okanye i-flu, elinye igama liye lavela rhoqo: “Scrub Typhus.” Kuyaqondakala ukuba uzive ukhathazekile, kodwa masiyichaze kunye. Yintoni ngokwenene? Ingaba iyingozi? Ungazikhusela njani? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula, ngokungathi sincokola nomhlobo.
Ngamagama alula: Yintoni iScrub Typhus?
Nangona igama layo eliqhelekileyo, iScrub Typhus ayisasazwa ziintakumba. Ibangelwa kukulunywa yincukuthu enesifo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-`(chigger)`. Ezi ntakumba zincinci kangangokuba azibonakali emehlweni. Esi sifo ngokwaso sibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -`Orientia tsutsugamushi`` .
Cinga ngale ndlela: ezi zinambuzane zincinci zithatha iintsholongwane kwiimpuku ezifana neempuku. Ukuba i-larva enesifo ikuluma, iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni wakho. Ezi zinambuzane zincinci kakhulu kwaye zihlala zibomvu, zimthubi, okanye ziorenji ngombala.
Sifumaneka phi esi sifo?
Esi sifo sifumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo ezikuyo yonke iAsia, ngakumbi kwiindawo zasemaphandleni okanye ezinamahlathi.
- Amazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia
- Indiya
- Indoneshiya
- iTshayina
- Japhan
- EMantla eOstreliya
Ezi zinambuzane zikhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezinengca, ezinamagqabi, ezifumileyo nezinomthunzi . Oku kuthetha ukuba ungadibana nazo kwiindawo ezingakhathalelwanga zeyadi yakho, emaphethelweni ehlathi, kwiinqwaba zamagqabi abolayo, okanye kwizihlahla ezimanzi. Umsebenzi wezinambuzane uhlala uphezulu ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
Zithini iimpawu zeScrub Typhus?
Usenokungaziva nokuba i-chigger iluma; idla ngokungabangeli ntlungu. Nangona kunjalo, emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, indawo ingaqala ukurhawuzelela, kwaye usenokubona iqhuma elincinci elibomvu.
Emva kokuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni wakho, kukho ixesha lokufukama elimalunga neentsuku ezi-6-10 apho unokuziva uphilile. Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala ngequbuliso malunga neentsuku ezili-10-12 emva kokudibana nayo. Ukwazi ezi mpawu kubalulekile.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngequbuliso ohamba nokubanda nokungcangcazela. |
| UEschar | Olu luphawu olubonisa ukuba unesifo. Uqweqwe oluncinci, olumnyama, olufana nerhashalala lwenzeka kwindawo apho i-chigger ikulume khona. |
| Urhawuzelelo | Usenokuba nerhashalala ebomvu eluswini emzimbeni wakho. |
| Iintlungu zomzimba | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nentlungu yemisipha. |
| Ezinye Iimpawu | Ukudideka, ukudumba kwama-lymph nodes, amehlo abomvu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, kunye nosulelo lwemiphunga. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba ezi mpawu azinyangwa, esi sifo sinokukhula sibe ziingxaki ezinzima, kuquka i-coma okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba.
Ugqirha ufumanisa njani ukuba une-Scrub Typhus?
Ukuba unale mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba ubusandula ukufika kwiindawo ezinemithi okanye ezinamahlathi, bonana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngoko nangoko .
Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, ekhangela i-'eschar' ngokukodwa. Ukongeza, banokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze bafumane ii-antibodies eziveliswa ngumzimba wakho ukulwa nebhaktheriya.
Ukufumanisa oku kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu zifana nezifo eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-dengue, i-leptospirosis, okanye i-typhoid. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ugqirha wakho kufuneka acinge ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba uvavanyo lokuqala lwegazi aluqinisekanga, unokufuna uvavanyo olulandelayo emva kweeveki ezi-1-3. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuqala unyango olusekelwe kwiimpawu zonyango endaweni yokulinda iziphumo zelebhu.
Iphathwa njani?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iScrub Typhus iyanyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Inyathelo elibalulekileyo kukuqala unyango kwangethuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba iphila ngokukhawuleza.
Ugqirha wakho usenokukunika i-antibiotic ebizwa ngokuba yi-'doxycycline' , ngokuqhelekileyo kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 nangaphezulu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, inokunikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Kubantwana, ikhosi emfutshane yeentsuku ezi-5 idla ngokucetyiswa ukuthintela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokutshintsha kombala wamazinyo. Kubafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abo bane-allergies kwi-doxycycline, kusetyenziswa ezinye ii-antibiotics ezikhuselekileyo ezifana ne -'azithromycin' .
Iingxaki ezinokubakho zosulelo olunganyangwanga
Ukuba ayinyangwa, iScrub Typhus inokubangela umonakalo kwiinkqubo zomzimba ezibalulekileyo:
| Inkqubo Yomzimba | Ingxaki enokubakho |
|---|---|
| Intliziyo | I-Arrhythmias, i-myocarditis (ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo). |
| Ukugaya ukutya | Ukugabha, urhudo, imiba yesibindi, i-pancreatitis, kunye nokopha ngaphakathi. |
| Ukuphefumla | Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), imeko esongela ubomi apho ulwelo luqokelelana emiphungeni. |
| Izintso | Ukulimala Kwezintso Okubukhali (AKI) kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. |
| Inkqubo yeNervous | I-Meningitis okanye i-meningoencephalitis, enokubangela ukuxhuzula kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha. |
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu eziqatha, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko kugqirha wakho okanye undwendwele isebe likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane nawe.
Ingaba ikhona i-vaccine? Ungahlala njani ukhuselekile?
Okwangoku, akukho gonyo lokuthintela iScrub Typhus.
Ngoko ke, ukuthintela yeyona ndlela ilungileyo. Injongo kukuphepha ukulunywa ziintaka.
Ukuba ungena kwiindawo ezinemithi okanye ezinamahlathi, thatha la manyathelo okhuseleko:
- Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela. Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye neehempe ezinemikhono emide. Ukufaka iibhulukhwe zakho kwiikawusi zakho kunokongeza ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyo.
- Sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane. Faka isixovuli esine- 'DEET ' kulusu oluvezwe elubala kunye nempahla.
- Kuphephe ukuhlala ngqo engceni okanye ezihlahleni.
- Kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci, gcina amalungu abo egqunywe kakuhle. Khusela istrola okanye umthwali wabo ngenethi yokukhusela.
- Musa ukutshiza isibulali-zinambuzane ngqo eluswini lomntwana. Sitshize ezandleni zakho kuqala, uze usifake emntwaneni. Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho wabantwana ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
- Emva kokuba phandle, hlamba impahla yakho ngamanzi ashushu (ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30) uze uhlambe ngesepha.
- Ukuba uhlala ungena kwiindawo ezinamahlathi, cinga ngokunyanga impahla yakho kunye nezixhobo zakho nge -permethrin eyi-0.5% . Oku kubulala ii-chiggers xa zidibana kwaye kuhlala kusebenza ngokuhlamba izihlandlo ezininzi. Musa ukuyifaka ngqo eluswini. Yenzelwe impahla kunye nezixhobo kuphela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Scrub Typhus sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane . Sinokuba sibi kakhulu, kodwa sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane .
- Isasazeka ngokulunywa ziintaka ezincinci ezifumaneka engceni nakwiindawo ezinamagqabi.
- Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokubonakala kwesikhumba esimnyama (eschar) kwindawo yokulunywa.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, hlala uzolile kwaye udibane nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Unyango lwangethuba lubalulekile.
- Ukuthintela kusoloko kungcono kunokunyanga: gquma ulusu lwakho kwaye usebenzise isibulali-zinambuzane xa ungaphandle kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
I-Scrub Typhus, i-typhus, ii-chiggers, i-Orientia tsutsugamushi, i-eschar, i-doxycycline, iingcebiso zempilo, iimpawu zomkhuhlane
