Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi utata wakho, umama wakho, okanye umntu omaziyo, onesifo sikaParkinson? Ukuba kunjalo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba nawe ukhe wadibana nale meko. Ngaba ilizwi lomntu owayethetha ngokuvakalayo nangokucacileyo ngoku livakala lizolile kwaye lididekile? Ngaba uzifumana ungazithethi kakuhle xa uthetha, okanye ubonakala ungakwazi ukuthetha into ozama ukuyithetha? Esi sisifo esiqhelekileyo esifunyanwa ngabantu abaninzi abanesifo sikaParkinson. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukulawula le meko nokwenza unxibelelwano lube lula. Masithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha.
Kutheni kunzima ukuthetha xa unesifo sikaParkinson?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sikaParkinson sichaphazela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezingqondweni zethu. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukulawula iintshukumo zomzimba wethu. Oku kuchaphazela izihlunu ezincinci ezifunekayo ukuze sihambe, sishukumise amalungu ethu, size sithethe.
Khawucinge nje, zingaphi izinto ekufuneka zenzeke ngaxeshanye ngelixa sithetha.
- Umphefumlo kufuneka uphume emiphungeni.
- Iintambo zelizwi emqaleni kufuneka zingcangcazele ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ulwimi, imilebe, kunye nenkalakahla engasentla yomlomo kufuneka zishukume ngokuchanekileyo ukuze zenze amagama.
Isifo sikaParkinson sibangela ukuba izihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo ebandakanyekayo kule nkqubo ilahlekelwe kukulungelelana. Kufana ne-orchestra ehlelwe kakuhle edlala inowuthi nganye ngaxeshanye. Yiyo loo nto kukho utshintsho kwilizwi nakwintetho. Kwizonyango, sikwabiza le meko ngokuthi yi-dysarthria .
Ziziphi iingxaki eziqhelekileyo eziphakamayo ngeli xesha le ncoko?
Umntu onesifo sikaParkinson unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana zonke ezi mpawu. Kodwa kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Ingxaki/Impawu | Ukuchaza ngokulula... |
|---|---|
| Ukuva amazwi athambileyo | Andikwazi ukuthetha ngokuvakalayo njengoko bendisenza ngaphambili. Kufuneka ndibuze abanye, "Nitheni?" ngokuphindaphindiweyo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa lilizwi (iMonotone) | Kufana nerobhothi ethethayo, ilizwi livakala lithe tyaba kwaye lingenamvakalelo. Kunzima ukuqonda iimvakalelo ezifana nolonwabo kunye nosizi kwilizwi. |
| Ilizwi elirhabaxa/elirhabaxa | Kusenokubakho ukurhawuzelela kwelizwi, ngokungathi umqala uvalekile yincindi, okanye ngathi kukho umntu ocinezela umqala. |
| Ukuphefumla | Xa uthetha, kuvakala ngathi uphefumla ngamandla ngala mazwi. Emva kokuthetha okwethutyana, uziva ngathi "uphelelwe ngumoya." |
| Ukudideka/ukungacaci kwamagama | Kuba nzima ukubiza oonobumba namagama ngokuchanekileyo. Kuba nzima kumntu ophulaphulayo ukuwaqonda ngokucacileyo amagama. |
| Ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza, eqhekeza amagama abe ngamaqhekeza amancinci | Ngamanye amaxesha ibali likhawuleza ngequbuliso kwaye amagama anokuphuma ngokungathi anamathelene. |
| Uloyiko | Ukongeza kwimilenze eqhaqhazelayo, abanye abantu banokufumana nelizwi eliqhaqhazelayo xa bethetha. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngenxa yokuba olu tshintsho lwenzeka kancinci kancinci, isigulana sisenokungaqondi ukuba kukho utshintsho kwilizwi laso. Nangona kunjalo, usapho kunye nabahlobo banokulubona ngokucacileyo utshintsho.
Ndingafumana uncedo kubani ngale nto?
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi ngxaki, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Angakuthumela kwingcali yolwimi lokuthetha, egxile kweli candelo.
Ingcali yezonyango ingakunceda njani umntu othetha kakhulu?
Ingcali yokunyanga intetho ifana nomqeqeshi welizwi lakho nokuthetha kwakho. Baza kuvavanya imeko yakho baze bakuncede ngendlela ekufaneleyo.
- Uza kufundiswa imithambo ekhethekileyo eya kukunceda ugcine ilizwi lakho livakala kwaye livakala.
- Baziqhelisa iindlela zokuvakalisa iingcamango ngokucacileyo ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu xa bethetha.
- Sikufundisa ngezixhobo ezinceda ekwenzeni unxibelelwano lube lula.
- Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki zokuginya (siza kuthetha ngazo kamva), nazo ziya kunyangwa.
Kukho unyango olulungiselelwe oku ngokukodwa. Umzekelo, unyango lwelizwi iLee Silverman (LSVT) lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lokunyusa ivolumu yelizwi kwizigulana zikaParkinson.
Izinto onokuzenza ukuze unxibelelwano lube lula
Ngelixa ubona ingcali yezentetho, ungenza nezinto ezincinci ebomini bakho bemihla ngemihla ukuze kube lula ukunxibelelana.
- Khetha indawo ezolileyo: Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomntu, cima naziphi na izixhobo ezivelisa ingxolo ekhaya, ezifana neTV okanye irediyo, okwethutyana. Ukuba ungaphandle, khetha indawo ezolileyo nengenabantu.
- Thetha kancinci nangokucacileyo: Musa ukuzama ukuthetha amagama amaninzi kakhulu ngokuphefumla kube kanye. Thetha igama elinye okanye amabini ngokuphefumla kube kanye. Shiya ikhefu elifutshane phakathi kwezivakalisi.
- Thetha ubuso ngobuso: Jonga umntu othetha naye ebusweni xa uthetha. Thetha kwindawo ekhanyiswe kakuhle. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula komnye umntu ukuqonda into oyithethayo ngokujonga indlela imilebe yakho ehamba ngayo kunye nembonakalo yobuso bakho.
- Sebenzisa izivakalisi ezimfutshane: Endaweni yezivakalisi ezinde, chaza izimvo zakho ngezivakalisi ezilula nezifutshane.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Umphimbo owomileyo unokwenza kube nzima ukuthetha. Sela amanzi amaninzi imini yonke. Kodwa kuphephe i-caffeine (iti, ikofu) kunye notywala . Zinokuwucoca umzimba ngakumbi.
- Hlala umile kakuhle: Ukuba uhleli esitulweni, gcina umqolo wakho uthe nkqo kwaye isilevu sakho siphakame kancinci. Oku kuvumela ukuhamba komoya ophuma emiphungeni yakho ukufikelela kwiintambo zakho zelizwi ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.
- Phumla xa uziva udiniwe: Kuba nzima ukuthetha xa udiniwe. Phumla ilizwi lakho imini yonke. Phumla ngaphambi kokuba utsalele umnxeba okanye uthethe nomntu obalulekileyo.
Ukuba kunzima ukuchaza amagama, zama ezi zinto
Ngezinye iintsuku, ukuthetha kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Musa ukoyika ngamaxesha anjalo, kwaye sebenzisa ezinye iindlela ezifana nezi.
- Bhala: Soloko ugcina incwadi encinci kunye nepeni kufutshane. Ukuba kukho into enzima ukuyithetha, yibhale phantsi.
- Ibhodi yeAlfabhethi: Ukuba unengxaki yokubhala oonobumba, gcina ibhodi yealfabhethi kufutshane. Khomba unobumba wokuqala wamagama ngomnwe wakho.
- Sebenzisa izimbo zomzimba nemiqondiso: Sebenzisa izandla zakho ukubonisa izinto ezilula ezifana nokuthi "yiza," "hamba," kunye nokuthi "yeka."
- Sebenzisa amagama amafutshane: Endaweni yokuthi isivakalisi esipheleleyo esifana nokuthi "Ndifuna iglasi yamanzi," thetha nje amagama abalulekileyo anjengathi "Ndifuna amanzi."
- Izixhobo zokuncedisa:Izixhobo ezifana ne- amplifier encinci eyonyusa isandi selizwi lakho zingasetyenziswa. Buza ingcali yakho yokuthetha ngale nto.
Intsapho nabahlobo banokunceda njani?
Ngaphandle kwesigulana, wena, onxibelelana naye, ungenza olu hambo lube lula.
- Yiba nomonde: Musa ukumngxamela umntu othetha naye. Mnike ixesha lokucinga nokubhala amazwi akhe.
- Nika ingqalelo: Musa ukwenza enye into ngelixa ethetha, jonga nje ubuso bakhe kwaye umamele ngononophelo.
- Buza imibuzo enokuphendulwa ngo-"ewe" okanye "hayi": Kulula ukuphendula ngokuthi "Ufuna irayisi?" kunokuthi "Ufuna ntoni kwisidlo sangokuhlwa?"
- Phinda uchaze into obuyiqonda: Ukuba ubuyiqonda inxalenye yesivakalisi kuphela, buza into efana nale, "Uthe ufuna ukuya phezulu uyokuthatha... yintoni?" Ngale ndlela, abayi kuphinda yonke loo ntetho.
- Musa ukuqikelela: Musa ukuzama ukuqikelela ukuba baza kuthini kwaye uzame ukugqibezela izivakalisi zabo. Oko kunokubangela ukuba bangakhululeki nangakumbi.
Ukulungiselela imeko engxamisekileyo
Ukuba umntu uyedwa kwaye kunzima ukuthetha naye, kufuneka kubekho indlela yokucela uncedo xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Intsimbi okanye i-buzzer: Gcina intsimbi okanye i-buzzer ikufutshane ukuze ukwazi ukuyitsalela xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Ukucofa ngesantya: Gcina iinombolo zefowuni zosapho kunye neenkonzo zongxamiseko zikwi-speed dial.
- Inkonzo yeqhosha lokubiza ubomi: Ezi zizixhobo ezincinci ezinxitywa entanyeni okanye esihlahleni. Xa ucinezela iqhosha ngexesha likaxakeka, liya kwazisa umnxeba woncedo okanye usapho lwakho. Jonga olu hlobo lwenkonzo.
Qaphela iingxaki zokuginya (i-Dysphagia)
Kunye nobunzima bokuthetha, enye ingxaki eqhelekileyo enxulunyaniswa nesifo sikaParkinson kubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia) . Oku kubhekiselele kubunzima bokuginya ukutya, isiselo kunye namathe.
Isilumkiso: Ubunzima bokuginya asinto ifanele ithathwe lula. Ukuba ukutya okanye isiselo singena kumbhobho womoya, kunokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane ezinzulu ezifana ne -aspiration pneumonia . Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokukhohlela, ukukrwitshwa, okanye ukuvuza amathe ngelixa usitya, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Iingcali zentetho nazo zingayinyanga le nto.
Ukuphila nesifo sikaParkinson kunokuba nzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngolwazi olufanelekileyo, unyango, kunye nenkxaso evela kubantu obathandayo, le mingeni inokoyiswa kakhulu. Unxibelelwano lubhuloho olusidibanisa nabanye. Ezi ngcebiso ziya kukunceda ugcine loo bhuloho iqinile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ubunzima bokuthetha ngenxa yesifo sikaParkinson buqhelekile kakhulu. Asinto yokuhlazeka.
- Ingcali yokuthetha efumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo koku inokunceda kakhulu. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto kuqala.
- Utshintsho olulula olufana nokuthetha kancinci, ngokucacileyo, kunye nokuthetha ubuso ngobuso kwindawo ezolileyo kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kunxibelelwano.
- Umonde, ingqalelo, kunye nenkxaso yosapho nabahlobo zingumthombo omkhulu wamandla engqondo kumguli.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya, musa ukuyityeshela. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
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