Ingaba isifo sakho sesifuba siya sibi kwaye senza kube nzima ukuphefumla? Ingaba esi sisifo sesifuba?

Ngaba une-asthma? Okanye ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho one-asthma? Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba uvile ngamaxesha apho i-asthma yakho iba mandundu kwaye ufumana kunzima ukuphefumla. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le meko ye-asthma inokuba mandundu kakhulu kunokuba ucinga. Le meko ye-asthma, enzima kangangokuba ayinakulawulwa ngamayeza aqhelekileyo, yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yiStatus Asthmaticus okanye i-Acute Severe Asthma .

Yintoni kanye kanye iStatus Asthmaticus?

Ngamafutshane, iStatus Asthmaticus lelona nqanaba libi kakhulu le-asthma. Kulapho ukuphefumla kwakho kuba nzima ngakumbi, nokuba usebenzisa amayeza akho e-asthma aqhelekileyo, njenge-inhaler. Khawuthelekelele, awukwazi ukuthetha okanye ukutya, kwaye awukwazi ukulala kakuhle. Le meko inokuba mandundu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye inokuba mandundu ngequbuliso kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba ungayithintela kakhulu le meko imbi ngokunika ingqalelo kwiindlela zakho zokuphefumla, ukuphepha izinto ezibangela oko, kunye nokulandela isicwangciso se-asthma esiwenzileyo wena nogqirha wakho.

Kubalulekile: Olu hlobo lohlaselo oluqatha lwe-asthma lungxamiseko olusongela ubomi. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla kwaye i-inhaler yakho ayikuncedi, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-911 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwicandelo elikufutshane lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesifo sombefu esiqhelekileyo kunye nesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-status asthmaticus?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Ngoko ke yintoni i-asthma eqhelekileyo kwaye yintoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-Status Asthmaticus?' Ewe, kunjalo. I-asthma, njengoko sisazi, sisifo semiphunga esingapheliyo . Kumntu one-asthma, izinto ezibangela i-allergens ezifana nomsi, uthuli, i-pollen, okanye ukuzilolonga kakhulu zinokubangela ukuba iindlela zomoya zidumbe kwaye zizaliswe yi-mucus. Oku kwenzeka xa unesifo se-asthma. Ngokwesiqhelo, esi sifo se-asthma sinokulawulwa ngamayeza.

Nangona kunjalo, iStatus Asthmaticus yimeko eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo nembi ngakumbi. Oku kuxa uhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba esingalawulwa ngamayeza akho esiqhelo esifuba ekhaya. Oku kuthetha ukuba imeko iya isiba mandundu, ingaphucuki.

Zithini iimpawu zeStatus Asthmaticus okanye i-asthma enzima?

Iimpawu zesi sifo sinzima sesifuba zinokukhula kancinci kancinci kwiiyure ezimbalwa okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Jonga ukuba ezi mpawu zivakala ziqhelekile na kuwe:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla: Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kangangokuba awukwazi nokuthetha okanye ukutya.
• Ukuphefumla: Isandi sokukhala esifubeni sivakala xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
• Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo nokunganqandekiyo kunokwenzeka.
• Isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo: Isantya sentliziyo sinyuka kakhulu.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukudideka: Usenokuziva ngathi ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye awuqondi kakuhle ukuba kwenzeka ntoni.
• Iminwe, imilebe okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Olu luphawu oluyingozi kakhulu. Luthetha ukuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.

Kutheni iStatus Asthmaticus ikhula? Zithini izizathu?

Xa une-asthma, iindlela zakho zomoya, okanye iindlela zomoya, ziyancitshiswa. Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuba yi-bronchospasm . Kwakhona, ezi ndlela zomoya ziyadumba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukudumba . Ukongeza, kuveliswa i-mucus eninzi.

Ngoku, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba imbangela ephambili yokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba esinzima nesingenakulawuleka asikokudumba kwemithambo yomoya kodwa kukudumba kwemigudu yomoya kunye nokuveliswa kwe-mucus egqithisileyo. Ngokukodwa, kuxa imigudu yomoya idumba kwaye ivalwe yi-mucus apho ukuphefumla kuba nzima kakhulu.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu abe nesifo se-asthmatic?

Nantoni na enokubangela isifo sesifuba esiqhelekileyo inokubangela esi sifo sibi esibizwa ngokuba yiStatus Asthmaticus. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezi zinto zixhaphakileyo:

• Ii-aleji ekhaya nangaphandle: Iincukuthu zothuli, i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya, i-pollen, i-mold, njl.
• Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukucaphuka: Umsi wecuba, iziqholo, ivumba elibi elivela kwiikhemikhali, umoya obandayo.
• Ukuzilolonga: Abanye abantu banokufumana ukwanda kwesifo sesifuba ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
• Uxinzelelo lweemvakalelo: I-asthma ingaba mandundu xa ulusizi kakhulu, usoyika, okanye uxhalabile.
• Izifo: Izifo zokuphefumla ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye ne-COVID-19.
• Amayeza athile: Umzekelo, amanye amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu afana ne-aspirin kunye namanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (ii-beta-blockers) anokwenza i-asthma ibe mandundu kwabanye abantu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nale ngxaki yesifuba esibi (i-Acute Severe Asthma)?

Usenokuba namathuba amaninzi okuba nohlaselo olunzima lwempahla olufana nolu ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba awazi ukuba ungayisebenzisa njani ngokuchanekileyo i-inhaler yakho, okanye ukuba uyisebenzisa gwenxa:Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kuba kukho amanyathelo aliqela ekufuneka uwalandele xa usebenzisa i-inhaler. Ukuba uphoswa naliphi na kuwo, okanye ukuba ixesha lokuphefumla kwakho alilunganga, ayilo lonke iyeza eliya kufikelela emiphungeni yakho. Emva koko awuyi kufumana ziphumo.
• Ukuba wena okanye oogqirha bakho abakunyangayo anivavanyi ngokuchanekileyo ubukhali besifuba sakho: Oku kunokuthetha ukuba awufumani amayeza afanelekileyo, okanye idosi echanekileyo.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukusela amayeza akho, awufuni, okanye awazi ukuba uza kuwasela nini ukuthintela iimpawu eziqatha: Abanye abantu abakuthandi ukusela amayeza abo, okanye abawathathi ngexesha. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba nzima ukulawula isifo sabo sesifuba.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yeStatus Asthmaticus?

Le meko inzima yesifuba (i-Acute Severe Asthma) inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Jonga:

• I-Hypoxia: Oku kuthetha ukuba izicubu zomzimba wakho azifumani ioksijini eyaneleyo. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Imeko apho imiphunga yonakele kakhulu kwaye ukuphefumla kuba nzima kakhulu.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphefumla: Oku kuthetha ukuba imiphunga yakho ayikwazi ukuphefumla yodwa. Okwangoku, kunokufuneka uqhagamshelwe kwi-ventilator.

Ungasibona njani iSimo se-Asthmatics okanye isifo sombefu esiqatha?

Ugqirha uza kuxilonga imeko ye-asthmaticus ngokujonga iimpawu zakho, akuhlole, akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango, mhlawumbi enze uvavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga (umz., i-spirometry).

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba oogqirha baza kuqala unyango ngoko nangoko ukuze balawule ukuphefumla kwakho. Okwangoku, banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nee-X-ray zesifuba ukujonga ezinye iimeko.

Iphathwa njani le nto?

Ugqirha uza kukunika ioksijini, amayeza okunciphisa ukudumba kwimiphunga yakho, aze avule indlela yomoya. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, unokufuna ukuqhagamshelwa kwi-ventilator de ukwazi ukuphefumla wedwa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezithile zeStatus Asthmaticus?

Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni imeko yakho imbi kangakanani na, oogqirha banokusebenzisa unyango olufana nolu:

• Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo: Ioksijini inikwa nge-cannula yempumlo okanye ngemaski yobuso.
• Iibronchodilators ezifuthwayo:Ezi zinikwa nge-inhaler okanye i-nebulizer. Zisebenza ngokwandisa iindlela zomoya. Imizekelo:
• Ii-agonists zeBeta-2: ISalbutamol (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiAlbuterol) okanye iLevalbuterol.
• Ii-Anticholinergics: I-Ipratropium bromide.
• Ii-corticosteroids ezifakwa kwimithambo yegazi (IV): Ezi zinciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukudumba kwimibhobho yomoya. Imizekelo: i-hydrocortisone okanye i-methylprednisolone.
• Ii-bronchodilators ze-IV: Ngamanye amaxesha kunikwa amayeza anjenge-magnesium sulfate.
• I-Adrenaline (i-Epinephrine): Kwezinye iimeko ezingxamisekileyo, inikwa njengenaliti.
• Ulwelo olufakwa emthanjeni (ulwelo lwe-IV): Lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokunika amayeza.
• Igesi ye-helium ephefumlayo (iHeliox): Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ixutywa neoksijini ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla.
• Ukufakwa kwetyhubhu kunye nokufakelwa komoya ngoomatshini: Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, kuphuma ukungabikho zingqondweni, kufakwa ityhubhu kumbhobho womoya, kwaye isigulana siqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo sokungenisa umoya.
• Ukuthomalalisa: Ukuba isigulane sixhalabile, ngamanye amaxesha sinikwa ukuthomalalisa ukuze sibancede baqhelane nomatshini womoya.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo se-asthmatic?

Ukuba ufumana iStatus Asthmaticus, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele de imeko yakho ilawuleke. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ungadluliselwa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU).

Xa ubuyela ekhaya, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika ipilisi ye-corticosteroid (efana ne-prednisolone) oza kuyithatha malunga neentsuku ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-14. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela eli yeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela, ixesha lonke.

Ngaba i-Status Asthmaticus ingathintelwa?

Ewe, kunokwenzeka kakhulu! Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuhlaselwa ziimpahla ezimbi:

• Yazi kakuhle indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo ozisebenzisayo ukulawula i-asthma yakho. Oku kuquka izinto ezifana nee-inhaler kunye ne-nebulizers. Cela ugqirha wakho okanye i-pharmacist ukuba akubonise eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzisebenzisa, inyathelo ngenyathelo. Ziqhelise.
• Qonda ukuba ungazinyanga nini kwaye njani iimpawu zakho zesifuba ngaphambi kokuba zibe nzima kakhulu ukuzilawula. Ungakwenza oku nge- "Peak Flow Meter".Ungalinganisa amandla akho okuphefumla ngesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-spirometer. Okanye, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze wenze "iSicwangciso sokuSebenza seSifo soMphefumlo ." Oku kuya kukuxelela into omawuyenze xa isifo sakho sombefu sikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, xa sibi kancinci, kwaye xa sibi kakhulu.
• Yazi kakuhle into ebangela isifo sakho sesifuba kwaye uhlale kude naso kangangoko unako.
• Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifuba sakho siyalawuleka. Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba umthamo wamayeza akho kufuneka uhlengahlengiswe okanye ukuba kufuneka uqale amayeza amatsha.
• Ukuba ufuna uncedo lwezonyango, lufumane ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukulinda de iimpawu zibe mandundu.

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla, okanye ukuba uhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba kwaye awukwazi ukusilawula nge-inhaler yakho eqhelekileyo, fowunela ku-1990 ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane. Musa ukuchitha ixesha.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

Xa udibana nogqirha, kunokuba luncedo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• 'Gqirha, kutheni ndifumene le meko?'
• 'Ndingawasela njani amayeza am ngokuchanekileyo?' (Funda indlela yokusebenzisa i-inhaler kwakhona)
• 'Zeziphi ezinye iindlela zonyango endinazo?'
• 'Ndingayithintela njani le meko ukuba ingaphindi yenzeke kwakhona?'

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukungakwazi ukuphefumla yinto eyoyikisayo. Musa ukoyika ngamaxesha anje, hlala uzolile, kwaye ucele uncedo. Ukuba une-asthma, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze uqonde imeko yakho kwaye wenze isicwangciso sokuyilawula. Yazi ukuba uza kunyanga nini kwaye njani iimpawu zakho ngaphambi kokuba zibe mbi. Ukuba nesicwangciso kuya kukunceda ufumane uncedo kwimeko engxamisekileyo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka. Ubomi bakho buxabisekile kuwe, kwaye kunjalo nosapho lwakho. Ngoko ke ukuba une-asthma, kubalulekile ukuyilawula.

Isifo sombefu, isifo sombefu esingapheliyo, isifo sombefu esiqatha, ubunzima bokuphefumla, isifo sokuphefumla, imiphunga