Yonke into malunga ne-stethoscope ilula! Ugqirha ukuphulaphulela ntoni?

Xa usiya kugqirha, okanye esibhedlele, into enye oza kuyibona ngokuqinisekileyo sisixhobo esincinci esijikeleze intamo kagqirha okanye etafileni. Ewe, ewe, eso usibeka endlebeni yakho kwaye esinye isiphelo sisesifubeni okanye emqolo wakho uze usiphulaphule. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-stethoscope . Ngamanye amaxesha unokucinga, "Yintoni le nto incinci uyimameleyo?" Nangona isenokubonakala ngathi sisixhobo esilula, sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu esinokunceda ugqirha afumane ulwazi oluninzi malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni wakho. Namhlanje, masithethe kancinci ngale stethoscope.

Yintoni i-stethoscope? Yintoni eyenzayo?

Ngamafutshane, i-stethoscope sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ziingcali zonyango ezifana noogqirha kunye nabongikazi ukumamela izandi ezivela emzimbeni wakho . Ezi zandi zinokukunika umbono wempilo yakho, ingakumbi indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo, ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle na, nokuba igazi lihamba ngokwesiqhelo na ngemithambo yegazi yakho .

Xa usiya kugqirha, mhlawumbi ukhe wambona ugqirha ethatha i-stethoscope aze abeke loo nxalenye incinci yayo esifubeni sakho, emqolo, esiswini sakho aze ajonge iindawo ezahlukeneyo. Uxelelwa ukuba uphefumle kancinci uze uphefumle kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha unqwala nje aze aqhubeke novavanyo olulandelayo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba baphawula utshintsho oluncinci, banokuphanda ngakumbi.

Kwizonyango, ukumamela izandi ngaphakathi emzimbeni kubizwa ngokuba yi- "Auscultation ." Lo ngumsebenzi ophambili we-stethoscope.

Yintoni ephulaphulwa ngugqirha ngale stethoscope?

Imizimba yethu yenza izandi ezahlukeneyo ngalo lonke ixesha. Khawuthelekelele intliziyo yakho ibetha njengesandi esithi "lub-dub". Ezi zizandi eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa kukho izandi ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuba uva izandi ezingaqhelekanga, oko kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki efuna ingqalelo, mhlawumbi nonyango.

Nge-stethoscope, ugqirha unokuva ikakhulu:

• Izandi zentliziyo: Ukongeza kwisigqi nesantya sentliziyo, ungaziva nezandi ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-"Heart Murmurs." Ezi zandi zibangelwa ziingxaki zeevalvu zentliziyo okanye utshintsho kwindlela igazi elihamba ngayo.
• Izandi zemiphunga: Izandi ozenzayo xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukongeza kwizandi zokuphefumla eziqhelekileyo, ungaziva nezandi ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-"Wheezing" (isandi sokukhala xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi, esivakala kwiimeko ezifana ne-asthma) kunye ne-"Stridor" (isandi esivakala phezulu nesiqatha xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi).
• Izandi zamathumbu: Amathumbu akho enza izandi xa esebenza. Ngamanye amaxesha, wenza izandi xa ulambile, akunjalo? Kwakhona, kwezinye iimeko zonyango, izandi ezivela emathunjini akho zinokutshintsha. Umzekelo, zinokwenza iingxolo ezigqithisileyo (ukubhomboloza) okanye izandi eziphezulu (izandi eziphezulu).
• Izandi zemithambo yegazi:Ungasiva isandi segazi elihamba ngemithambo ye-carotid, ingakumbi entanyeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba imithambo inciphile, isandi esingaqhelekanga (`(Carotid Bruit)`) sinokuvakala njengoko igazi lihamba kuyo.

Kubalulekile: Ugqirha akanakukuxelela kwangoko ukuba ingxaki yintoni okanye inzulu kangakanani xa esiva isandi esingaqhelekanga esinje. Nangona kunjalo, ikunika umbono wokuba kukho into engalunganga. Kuphela ke, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kuya kwenziwa olunye uvavanyo ukuze kuchongwe unobangela ochanekileyo kwaye kucwangciswe unyango. Ngamanye amazwi, i-stethoscope linyathelo lokuqala nelibaluleke kakhulu ekuchongeni isifo . Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ayilolona nyathelo lodwa.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-stethoscopes?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-stethoscopes ezisetyenziswa ngugqirha.

I-Stethoscope Yendabuko (I-Analogue Stethoscope)

Olu luhlobo oluye lwabonwa uninzi lwethu kwaye uninzi loogqirha balusebenzisa. Lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-stethoscope yakudala . Luyindlela evavanyiweyo nephumelelayo yokumamela izandi emzimbeni.

Akukho zixhobo ze-elektroniki okanye zedijithali ezibandakanyekayo. Isandi sivela ngqo emzimbeni wakho kwaye sihamba ngeetyhubhu eziguquguqukayo ukuya endlebeni kagqirha. Ugqirha uyamamela isandi aze amisele ukuba kwenzeka ntoni.

Kukwakho notshintsho oluthile kwezi stethoscopes zemveli. Umzekelo, kukho ii-stethoscopes zabantwana ezenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngabantwana abancinci kwaye zineendawo ezincinci.

I-Stethoscope ye-elektroniki

Olu luhlobo lwe-stethoscope oluphucuke kancinci. Lwenzelwe ukuva izandi ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngokucacileyo nangokuvakalayo . Oko kukuthi, luyandisa isandi. Ezinye izandi ezivakala kancinci, umzekelo, ezinye "iiHeart Murmurs", zinokuqondwa lula ngale nto.

Kwakhona, le stethoscope ineteknoloji enciphisa ingxolo yangasemva, ngoko ke ugqirha unokuva kuphela izandi afuna ukuziva ngokucacileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ungarekhoda isandi uze usiphulaphule kamva okanye wabelane ngaso nomnye ugqirha.

I-Stethoscope yedijithali

Le yi-stethoscope enobuchwepheshe obuphucukileyo ngakumbi. Ingabamba nezandi ezithambileyo ngokucacileyo kwaye isuse ingxolo engeyomfuneko. Njenge-stethoscope ye-elektroniki, ingakwazi nokurekhoda izandi.

Kodwa into ekhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba iyakwazi ukuguqula izandi eziviwa kuyo zibe yidatha ebonakalayo, njengeegrafu . Ngale ndlela, ugqirha unokuyiqonda ngcono into eyenzekayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kwakhona, le datha ingathunyelwa kwiikhompyutha okanye kwezinye izixhobo kwaye ihlalutywe ngesoftware ekhethekileyo ukuze ufunde okungakumbi. Kwakhona, le datha inokwabelwana ngayo nabanye oogqirha bakho kwaye ikuncede ukulungelelanisa unyango lwakho.

Kwixesha elizayo, oogqirha abaninzi mhlawumbi baya kuzisebenzisa ezi stethoscopes ze-elektroniki nezedijithali. Okwangoku, ii-stethoscopes zemveli zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zisenokunika ugqirha ulwazi oluxabisekileyo.

Isebenza njani le stethoscope incinci?

I-stethoscope isebenza ngokuthatha izandi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kwaye izithumele ngetyhubhu engenanto ziye endlebeni kagqirha. Isayensi yesandi iyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa ngokulula, xa into ishukuma ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, idala ukungcangcazela. Ezi ngcangcazela zibangela ukuba amasuntswana akwindawo engqongileyo angqubane, nto leyo edala amaza esandi . Iityhubhu ezikwi-stethoscope zifana nomngxuma othwala la maza esandi.

Xa indlebe kagqirha ifumana la maza esandi, aguqulelwa kwizandi eziqondakalayo - umzekelo, isandi esithi "whoosh" sentliziyo ekhalayo okanye umlozi ovakalayo we-stridor.

Ukuze konke oku kwenzeke, iindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-stethoscope ziyasebenzisana.

Zithini iindawo ze-stethoscope?

I-stethoscope yendabuko (efanayo) ineenxalenye ezimbalwa eziphambili:

• Isiqwenga sesifuba:

Le yinxalenye ugqirha ayibeka kancinci eluswini lwakho (ngesiqhelo esifubeni sakho, kodwa nasemqolo wakho, esiswini, nasentanyeni). Yenziwe ngentsimbi neplastiki. Njengengqekembe, esi sixhobo sesifuba sidla ngokuba namacala amabini: i-diaphragm kunye nentsimbi . Ugqirha unokuzihambisa ezi zimbini ngasemva nangaphambili ukuze eve iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezandi.

• I-Diaphragm: Le yinxalenye ethe tyaba, engqukuva. Idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuva izandi eziphezulu (umz., izandi zokuphefumla, izandi zamathumbu, ukugquma kwentliziyo).
• Intsimbi: Le yinxalenye encinci, efana nekomityi enomngxuma. Idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuva izandi eziphantsi (umz., izandi ezithile zentliziyo, ukugquma kwentliziyo, izandi ezithile zemithambo yegazi).

Intonga encinci yesinyithi (isiqu) iphuma kwesi sixhobo sesifuba ize iqhagamshele kwityhubhu.

• Ukufaka iityhubhu:

Le yityhubhu engenanto, eguquguqukayo. Le yiyo ethwala isandi ukusuka kwinxalenye yesifuba ukuya endlebeni kagqirha. Ezi tyhubhu nazo ziyahluka ngendlela eziyilwe ngayo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ityhubhu enye ivela kwinxalenye yesifuba, ihambe umgama omfutshane, ize yahlulwe ibe ziityhubhu ezimbini ezimile okwe-Y. Ezi tyhubhu zimbini eziguquguqukayo ziqhagamshelwe kwiityhubhu zendlebe zesinyithi.

• Iityhubhu zeendlebe:

Le yindlela isandi esiya ngayo ngqo endlebeni kagqirha. Kukho iityhubhu ezimbini zesinyithi, enye yendlebe nganye. Kukho uxinzelelo oluncinci phakathi kwezi. Ugqirha angazisondeza ezi tyhubhu zimbini okanye azihlukanise ukuze zilungele ubuso bakhe. Ityhubhu nganye yendlebe inencam encinci ethambileyo ekupheleni (njengee-earbuds ozisebenzisayo ukumamela umculo). Ezi ncam zendlebe zifakwe ngokuqinileyo endlebeni kagqirha.

Ii-stethoscopes ze-elektroniki nezedijithali zinezi zinto zifanayo. Usenokungaziva mahluko mkhulu xa ugqirha ekuxilonga ngazo. Kodwa ezi stethoscopes ziphucukileyo zinezixhobo zobugcisa ezongezelelweyo ezikhulisa isandi kwaye zenze izinto ezifana nokusirekhoda.

Ngubani owasungula i-stethoscope?

I-stethoscope yaqalwa ngo-1816 ngugqirha waseFransi ogama linguRené Laennec . Kodwa isixhobo awasisungulayo - ityhubhu elula yomthi - sahlukile kakhulu kwi-stethoscope esetyenziswa ngugqirha wakho namhlanje. Kungenxa yokuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, abanye oogqirha abaninzi baphucula uyilo lwayo. Uyilo olusisiseko lwe-stethoscope esiyibonayo namhlanje lwaphuhliswa ngeminyaka yoo-1960 ngugqirha waseMelika ogama linguDavid Littmann .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyifunde koku

Xa unexhala lokuya kugqirha, okanye ulinde iindaba ngomntu omthandayo ngexhala, mhlawumbi awucingi kakhulu ngezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Kwaye mhlawumbi awukhathali ukuba ezo zixhobo zisebenza njani - lo gama nje zisebenza.

Kodwa, ukwazi okuncinci ngesixhobo esifana ne-stethoscope kunokukunceda uqonde indlela enamandla ngayo indima edlalwa yindibaniselwano yetekhnoloji kunye nobuchule bukagqirha ekukhuseleni impilo yakho . Kuyamangalisa ukucinga ngendlela isayensi kunye nexabiso elifakwe ngayo kwesi sixhobo sincinci, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo ugqirha ebeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho, ndiyathemba ukuba uya kuzikhumbula ezi zinto!

I- Stethoscope, izixhobo zonyango, ukubetha kwentliziyo, izandi zemiphunga, ukuxilongwa, i-auscultation, izandi zomzimba