Ingxamiseko eza nonyango lomhlaza: Masifunde ngeTumor Lysis Syndrome!

Ukuphila nomhlaza yingxaki enkulu. Nangona unyango olufana ne-chemotherapy lunokunceda ekutshabalaliseni iiseli zomhlaza, ngamanye amaxesha olo nyango lunokubangela iingxaki ezingalindelekanga. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngengxakeko efuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo kwaye enokuba yingozi ebomini . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Tumor Lysis Syndrome.

Yintoni iTumor Lysis Syndrome? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, i-Tumor Lysis Syndrome liqela leemeko ezinzulu ezenzeka xa inani elikhulu leeseli zomhlaza lisifa ngaxeshanye kwaye umxholo wezo seli ukhutshelwa egazini. Khawucinge nje, le meko inokwenzeka kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza. Ingakhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibe yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ke ngoko, oogqirha bahlala bekhangela oku.

Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi. Oogqirha baneendlela zokuthintela i-Tumor Lysis Syndrome ukuba ingenzeki . Bakwenza oku ngokuchonga ukuba ngubani osengozini enkulu kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa loo mngcipheko.

Kwenzeka ntoni emizimbeni yethu xa sikwimeko enjalo?

Xa iiseli zomhlaza zichaphazeleka kuxinzelelo, ingakumbi ngenxa yonyango olufana ne-chemotherapy, ziyaqhekeka. Emva koko, iikhemikhali kunye neetyhefu ezingaphakathi kwezo seli ziqokelelana ngobuninzi egazini ngequbuliso. Ingxaki iqala xa umzimba wethu ungakwazi ukuzisusa ngokukhawuleza. Le tumor lysis syndrome inokuchaphazela kakhulu intliziyo yethu, izintso kunye nemisipha. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi ziphumo:

• I-Hyperuricemia - Oku kuthetha ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-uric acid: Xa i-uric acid egazini isanda, inokugcinwa kwizintso, nto leyo ebangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Cinga ngayo njengokuvaleka kombhobho wamanzi.
• I-Hyperphosphatemia - oko kukuthi, amanqanaba aphezulu e-phosphorus: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-phosphorus egazini akwaphazamisana nokusebenza kwezintso.
• I-Hyperkalemia - Oku kuthetha amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium: Xa amanqanaba e-potassium ephezulu, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokucaphuka, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo. Akupheleli apho, kodwa izinga lentliziyo yakho linokutshintsha, okubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, mhlawumbi nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Oku kuyingozi kancinci, akunjalo?
• I-Uremia: Oku kwenzeka xa izintso ziyeka ukucoca iityhefu egazini. I-Uremia inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ngamathambo, izihlunu, intliziyo, kunye nemithambo yegazi.
• I-Hypocalcemia - Amanqanaba aphantsi e-calcium: Amanqanaba aphantsi e-calcium egazini anokubangela utshintsho kwisigqi sentliziyo, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ukudideka, ukungaziva mnandi kunye nokurhawuzelela kwamalungu omzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokufa ngenxa yokuma kwentliziyo kunokwenzeka.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: I-Tumor Lysis Syndrome yenzeka xa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi meko zidibana.

Ngaba iTumor Lysis Syndrome yingxaki engxamisekileyo?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo! I-Tumor Lysis Syndrome yingxaki yezonyango efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Ngubani onokuba lixhoba lale meko?

Ayingabo bonke abantu abafumana unyango lomhlaza abaneTumor Lysis Syndrome. Ukuba ufumana unyango lomhlaza, kulungile ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngale nto. Ngokubanzi, abantu abafumana unyango lwe-chemotherapy kwezi ntlobo zomhlaza zilandelayo basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko:

• I-Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
• I-Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, efana neBurkitt Lymphoma kunye neDiffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
• I-Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
• I-B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (YONKE)
• Umhlaza wemiphunga weSeli encinci

Kwakhona, kukho ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, xa zinyangwa, zinomngcipheko omncinci wokuba nale meko. Kodwa ayikapheli ngokupheleleyo. Imizekelo:

• I-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma - Lo ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga, okhula kancinci kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• I-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
• I-Neuroblastoma
• Umhlaza webele
• I-Sarcoma yeZicwi ezithambileyo
• I-Medulloblastoma
• I-Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Ziziphi ezinye izizathu zeTumor Lysis Syndrome?

Oogqirha bayazi ukuba abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko. Kuthathwa amanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko ngaphambi kokuba abantu abanjalo banikwe i-chemotherapy. Nazi ezinye izinto ezinyusa umngcipheko:

• Ukuba nenani eliphezulu kakhulu leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• Amanqanaba e-uric acid egazini sele ephezulu.
• Ukuba neengxaki zezintso.
• Ukuncipha komthamo wamanzi emzimbeni (Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni).
• Ukuba nomhlaza kwinqanaba elibi kakhulu (umhlaza wesigaba esilandelayo).
• Ukuba neethumba ezinkulu.

Ngaba le meko ingenzeka ngaphandle kwe-chemotherapy?

Ewe, kodwa akwenzeki rhoqo . Xa isenzeka, oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yiSpontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome.

Zithini iimpawu zeTumor Lysis Syndrome?

Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-72 emva kokuqala unyango lwe-chemotherapy. Nazi ezi zinto:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Urhudo.
• Utshintsho kubungakanani bomchamo owudlulayo (lunokwanda okanye lunciphe).
• Ubuthathaka kunye nokudinwa.
• Igazi kumchamo (iHematuria).
• Iimeko zokuxhuzula, oko kukuthi, ukuxhuzula.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
• I-Syncope.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension).
• Intlungu Yamalungu.

Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu ngelixa unyangwa umhlaza, kufuneka wazise ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Kutheni kukho i-Tumor Lysis Syndrome?

Ngamafutshane, le meko yenzeka xa unyango lomhlaza lubangela ukuba inani elikhulu leeseli zomhlaza life ngequbuliso nangokukhawuleza. Izinto ezingaphakathi kwiiseli ezifayo (ezifana ne-potassium, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-uric acid) ziqokelelana ngequbuliso egazini.

Ngokwesiqhelo, izintso zethu zezona zihluza ezi zinto zingafunwayo. Kodwa, xa inani elikhulu leeseli lisifa ngaxeshanye, izintso azikwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi. Kufana nomsele ovalwayo xa inani elikhulu lenkunkuma lingena ngaxeshanye. Emva koko ezi tyhefu ziqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Ingqwalasela ephambili yoogqirha kukuthintela iTumor Lysis Syndrome. Ukuze benze oku, baya kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle kwaye iityhefu ziyasuswa emzimbeni wakho.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Tumor Lysis Syndrome?

Umzamo wokuqala woogqirha kukuthintela oku. Bakwenza oku ngokuchonga abo basengozini enkulu kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko kubo. Kodwa, ukuba imeko iyenzeka, unyango luqala ngoko nangoko.

Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe ukuthintela:

• Ukufuthwa kwamanzi emzimbeni ngemithambo yegazi (IV): Oku kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba amanzi emzimbeni kakuhle, kukhuthaze ukuchama, kwaye kuncede ekususeni ubuthi emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukunika amayeza athintela ukugcinwa kweekristale ze-uric acid kwizintso: Kukho amayeza athile anceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba e-uric acid.

Unyango ukuba imeko iyenzeka:

• Ukunika amayeza okukhupha ulwelo: Oku kunceda ukususa ubuthi emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza.
• GLISH: Ukunika amayeza asusa i-potassium kunye ne-phosphorus engaphezulu.
• Ukunika amayeza anyibilikisa iikristale ze-uric acid eziye zavela kwizintso.
• I-Dialysis: Ukuba izintso zakho azisebenzi kakuhle, unokufuna i-dialysis ukuze ususe ubuthi egazini lakho. Oku kufana nokwenza umsebenzi wezintso zakho ngokwenziwa.

Ngaba i-Tumor Lysis Syndrome inganyangeka?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo! Phantse ama-90 ekhulwini abantu abafumana le meko bayaphila. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuyixilonga kwangethuba kwaye uqale unyango kwangethuba.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuba le meko inyangiwe?

Isifo seTumor Lysis sinokubangela umonakalo kwizintso zakho. Ngoko ke, ukuba unale meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna unyango olongezelelweyo okanye unyango olukhethekileyo de izintso zakho ziphinde ziphile.

Unyango lomhlaza luyaphucuka imihla ngemihla, nto leyo esivumela ukuba sitshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, xa ezi seli zisifa, iikhemikhali kunye neetyhefu ezizikhuphayo zinokubangela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yiTumor Lysis Syndrome. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu entliziyweni nasezintso.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Unyango lomhlaza lucelomngeni. Ngeli xesha, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana neTumor Lysis Syndrome. Ukuba unyangwa umhlaza, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba usemngciphekweni wale meko. Baza kukuchazela iingozi kwaye benze konke okusemandleni abo ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga le meko ukuba iyenzeka. Musa ukuyityeshela nayiphi na impawu, kwaye xelela ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona nantoni na engaqhelekanga. Ukunyamekela impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

Isifo se - Tumor lysis, unyango lomhlaza, i-chemotherapy, isifo sezintso, i-hyperkalemia, i-hyperuricemia, imeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango