Ngaba wakha walunywa ziingcongconi ezimbalwa, i-shrimp curry, okanye i-wasp sting uze ngequbuliso umzimba wakho wonke urhawuzelele, amehlo nemilebe yakho idumbile? Okanye ngaba oku kwenzeke kumntu omaziyo? Nangona unokucinga ukuba oku kukwaliwa yinto eqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kunoko. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko imbi, nesongela ubomi, ebizwa ngokuba yi -anaphylaxis . Ukuqaphela oku kuya kunceda ukusindisa ubomi bakho kunye nobomi babantu obathandayo.
Yintoni i-Anaphylaxis?
Ngamafutshane, i-anaphylaxis yimpendulo enzulu kakhulu, ekhawulezileyo, nenokuthi ibulale ubomi echaphazela umzimba wonke. Ayifani nerhashalala eqhelekileyo okanye irhashalala ebomvu. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela igqithisa kancinci.
Khawucinge nje, xa into edla ngokuba yingozi emizimbeni yethu, umzekelo ukutya, amayeza, okanye ityhefu yezinambuzane, ingena emzimbeni wethu, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba iyiphambanisa notshaba olukhulu. Emva koko, ukuze silwe nolo "tshaba", umzimba wethu wenza iproteni ekhethekileyo (i-antibody) ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Immunoglobulin E' okanye 'IgE'. Ngexesha elizayo xa i-allergen efanayo ingena emzimbeni, ibopha kwi-'IgE' eyenziwe ngaphambili, kwaye ngequbuliso inani elikhulu leekhemikhali ezinamandla ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'histamines' zikhutshwa emzimbeni. Ezo khemikhali zizo ezibangela zonke ezi mpawu zimbi.
Oku kunokubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ivuleke ngequbuliso, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla okukhulu koxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba le meko iba mandundu, inokukhokelela kwi -anaphylactic shock , kwanokufa ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza.
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure emva kokuba umntu echaphazeleke yi-allergen, kwaye zinokuba qatha ngokukhawuleza.
Ingaqala ngokurhawuzelela okukhulu kwamehlo okanye ubuso. Kwimizuzu embalwa, imeko inokuba mandundu. Umntu unokuba nobunzima bokuginya nokuphefumla. Iimpawu zesisu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo nazo zinokubakho.
Masifunde ngakumbi ngezi mpawu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Ilungu lomzimba | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Ulusu | Amaqhuma abomvu arhawuzelelayo emzimbeni wonke (ii-hives), ukudumba kwamehlo, imilebe, ulwimi, nobuso (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'angioedema'), kunye nokubomvu kolusu. |
| Inkqubo yokuphefumla | Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuziva ngathi umqala wakho uvalekile, ukukhohlela rhoqo. |
| Inkqubo yoKutya | Intlungu ebuhlungu esiswini, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo. |
| Intliziyo kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi | Isiyezi (vertigo), ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukwehla ngesiquphe koxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubanda, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (ukothuka). |
Yintoni enokubangela i-anaphylaxis?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zoku. Ezona zixhaphakileyo kukutya kunye nokulunywa zizinambuzane.
- Ukutya: Amandongomane afana namandongomane kunye neecashew, ukutya kwaselwandle okufana neeshrimp, unonkala, kunye nelobster, ubisi lwenkomo, amaqanda (ingakumbi amaqanda amhlophe), kunye nembewu yesesame zezona ziphambili.
- Ukuluma kwezinambuzane : Le meko inokubangelwa kukuluma kweenyosi neenyosi.
- Amayeza: Amanye amayeza okudambisa iintlungu kunye namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane nawo anokubangela iimpendulo ezifanayo.
- Ukuzilolonga: Abanye abantu basengozini yokuba nale meko ukuba bayazilolonga emva nje kokutya ukutya okubangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla.
Ukongeza, kukwakho nezinto ezingabandakanyi ii-antibodies ze-IgE, kodwa ezibangela iimpendulo ezinzima ezifana ne -anaphylaxis (iimpendulo ze-anaphylactoid).
- Iidayi ezine-ayodini ezisetyenziswa kwiimvavanyo ezifana nee-X-ray.
- I-aspirin kunye nezinye iintlungu ezivela kwiqela le-`Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)`.
- Amanye amayeza anamandla okuthomalalisa iintlungu (iziyobisi ze-'Opioid').
- Utofelo-gazi.
- Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa kukuzilolonga nje ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Yintoni unyango olungxamisekileyo? Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!
Le nxalenye ibaluleke kakhulu kuba i-anaphylaxis yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, lunokusindisa ubomi.
Unyango olulodwa nolukhawulezayo lwe-anaphylaxis kukufakwa kwe-adrenaline (i-epinephrine).
Xa sele unikwe isitofu, iimpawu ziyaqala ukuncipha. Oogqirha bacebisa abantu abasengozini yokusabela kakhulu kwi-allergy ukuba bahlale nalo mjovo ngamaxesha onke. Ufika kwisixhobo esilula ukusisebenzisa esibizwa ngokuba yi-"auto-injector." Ungazitofa ngasemva kwethanga lakho xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
Ufanele wenze ntoni?
1. Thatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyathandabuza: Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba une-allergy enzima ngolu hlobo, musa ukucinga kabini ngokugonywa. Nokuba awuqinisekanga ukuba yi-allergy okanye akunjalo, gonywa ukuze ukhuseleke. Akuyi kwenza monakalo.
2. Nceda omnye umntu: Ukuba ubona umntu okufutshane nawe enale meko, kwaye ene-auto-injector kwaye engakwazi ukuyisebenzisa, ungamnceda ayifake.
3. Yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko: Nokuba ufumana ugonyo, lona lodwa aluyi kunyanga usulelo. Iimpawu zinokuphinda zibuye. Ngoko ke, emva nje kokufumana ugonyo, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Apho, uya kunikwa unyango olongezelelweyo, olufana nolwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi, amayeza okunceda intliziyo yakho kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi, kunye namayeza ongezelelweyo afana ne-antihistamines kunye ne-steroids.
I-Anaphylaxis yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Nokuba ugonyiwe, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele, ingakumbi iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU).
Ndikulungele njani oku?
Ukuba unembali ye-allergies enzima, kungcono ukuba ulungiselele kwaye ungoyiki.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho: Ukuba une-allergy enkulu kwinto efana nokulunywa yi-wasp, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana i-epinephrine injection kit. Babuze ngokuchanekileyo indlela yokuyisebenzisa.
- Gcina imijovo emibini ikufutshane: Kububulumko ukuhlala ugcina imijovo emibini ikufutshane. Ngamanye amaxesha, eyesibini inokufuneka ukuba eyokuqala ayilawuli isifo.
- Ziphephe izinto ezibangela i-allergy: Ziphephe ukutya, iziselo, kunye namayeza owaziyo ukuba une-allergy kuwo. Xa uthenga ukutya evenkileni, buza ngezithako.
- Yazisa wonke umntu:Gcina usapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye nabantu osebenza nabo benolwazi ngemeko yakho kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa isitofu sokugonya xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Xelela oogqirha bakho kwangaphambili: Nokuba uza kubona ugqirha wamazinyo, xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na izinto ezibangela ukuba ungabi namdla kumayeza ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na unyango.
- Nxiba Isilumkiso Sezonyango: Kubalulekile ukugcina isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango, umgexo, okanye ikhadi elikhankanya i-allergies yakho. Ingasindisa ubomi bakho ukuba awukwazi ukunxibelelana nabantu xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anaphylaxis yimeko enzima kakhulu yokunganyamezelani enokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Yiba nexhala xa ufumana iimpawu ezingaphezu kwesinye ngexesha, ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci, ukudumba, ukuba namaqhuqhuva, okanye isiyezi.
- Unyango oluphambili nolukhawulezileyo yinaliti ye-epinephrine (adrenaline). Ukuba unamathandabuzo, fumana inaliti ngoko nangoko.
- Nokuba ugonyiwe, kubalulekile ukuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele.
- Ukuba une-allergies enzima, soloko uphethe ii-epinephrine auto-injectors ezimbini kunye nekhadi lesilumkiso sezonyango. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
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