Mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge-meningitis, okanye into esidla ngokuyibiza ngokuba yi-'brain fever'. Yimeko enzima ebangela ukuba isigqubuthelo esikhuselayo esijikeleze ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo sidumbe. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa usiva igama. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukuzikhusela kwesi sifo. Izinto ezilula ezifana nokugonywa nokuhlamba izandla zethu zinokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba thina kunye neentsapho zethu sifumane esi sifo. Ngoko ke masibone ukuba oko kusebenza njani.
Iintlobo eziphambili zezitofu ezithintela i-meningitis
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nesebenzayo yokuzikhusela kwi-meningitis kukufumana isitofu sokugonya se-meningococcal. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi zitofu. Ezi zinokuthintela malunga nama-70% eemeko zezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-meningococcal. Ngokomyinge, abantu abalithoba kwabalishumi abafumana isitofu bakhuselekile kakuhle.
Apha ngezantsi kukho iintlobo eziphambili zemithi yokugonya kunye nenkcazo elula yazo.
| Udidi lwegonyo | Inkcazo kunye neengcebiso |
|---|---|
| Isitofu sokugonyela i-Meningococcal conjugate (MCV4) | Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba abantwana bafumane olu gonyo xa beneminyaka eli-11 okanye eli-12 ubudala. Emva koko, idosi yokunyusa inikwa xa beneminyaka eli-16 ubudala. |
| Ugonyo lweSerogroup B lweMeningococcal B | Olu gonyo ludla ngokucetyiswa kubantu abancinci, ingakumbi abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-16 neli-18 ubudala . |
| Isitofu sokugonyela i-Meningococcal polysaccharide (MPSV4) | Olu lolunye uhlobo logonyo olukhusela kwi-meningitis. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi ugonyo olulungele wena ngokusekwe kwiminyaka yakho, impilo yakho, kunye nemingcipheko yakho. |
Abantu abasengozini ekhethekileyo abafanele bagonywe
Ukongeza kwiigonyo zesiqhelo zabantwana, oogqirha bakwacebisa ukuba abantu abaneengxaki ezithile bafumane olu gonyo. Ezi ziquka:
- Abantu abacinga ukuba bebesoloko besondelelene nesigulana esine-meningitis: Kuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana esi sifo.
- Abafundi bonyaka wokuqala abahlala kwiindawo zokulala zaseyunivesithi: Umngcipheko wokusasazeka kwesi sifo uphezulu kuba abantu abaninzi bahlala kunye.
- Abo baqeqeshwa emkhosini: Ngenxa yokuhlala kufutshane kwiinkampu.
- Abantu abahamba besiya kumazwe apho i-meningitis ixhaphake khona (umz. kumazwe aseAfrika).
- Abantu abasusiwe i-spleen yabo okanye abo i-spleen yabo ingasebenzi kakuhle: Kuba i-spleen sisitho esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba.
- Abantu abanobuthathaka obuthile kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Umzekelo, abo baneemeko ezifana "nokungabikho kwe-terminal component component deficiency".
- Abantu abasebenza kwiilabhoratri kwaye bahlala bechatshazelwa yintsholongwane ye-meningococcal.
Nokuba awuweli nakweyiphi na kwezi ndidi, ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uloyiko malunga ne-meningitis, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngayo.
Gcina ezi zinto engqondweni ngaphambi kokuba ugonywe.
Ukuba ugula kakhulu ngomhla wokugonywa kwakho, njengokuba unomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, okanye umkhuhlane omkhulu, linda ude uphile ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba ufumane igonyo. Kwakhona, kufuneka uphephe ukufumana olu gonyo ukuba unezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ukhe waba ne -allergy enkulu kwidosi yangaphambili yale gonyo.
- Ukuba une -aleji enzima kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yegonyo.
Usenokuba neentlungu ezincinci kunye nokubomvu kwindawo ohlatywe kuyo inaliti. Oku kuqhelekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-allergy enzima efana nomkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuziva ungaphili kakuhle, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, okanye isiyezi, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) .
Esinye isitofu esibalulekileyo esithintela i-meningitis
I-Meningitis inokubakho njengengxaki yezinye izifo. Ngenxa yoko, singazikhusela ngokungathanga ngqo kwi-meningitis ngokufumana izitofu ezithintela ezi zifo zisisiseko. Uninzi lwezi zitofu zibandakanyiwe kwinkqubo yokugonya kazwelonke enikwa abantwana kwilizwe lethu.
| Igama leGonyo | Ukubaluleka |
|---|---|
| Isitofu sokugonyela iHaemophilus influenzae uhlobo B (Hib) | Olu gonyo luthintela usulelo olubangela inyumoniya kunye ne-meningitis. Iibhaktheriya ze-Hib zaziyeyona nto iphambili ebangela i-meningitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Kodwa olu gonyo ngoku luye lwanciphisa kakhulu ukwenzeka kwaloo nto. |
| Ugonyo lwe-pneumococcal | Ezi zikhusela kwi-bacterial meningitis. Olu gonyo lucetyiswa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunye nabo bonke abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. |
| Ugonyo lwe-Masisi, i-mumps, i-rubella (MMR) | I-Meningitis inokwenzeka njengengxaki ye-measles kunye ne-mumps. I-MMR vaccine iyayisusa loo ngozi. |
| Ugonyo lweVaricella/Chickenpox | Intsholongwane ye-chickenpox inokubangela i-meningitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane. Olu gonyo lunokukhusela kuloo ngozi. |
Amanye amanyathelo okhuseleko anokuthathwa ukongeza kwiigonyo
Nangona ukugonywa kusisikhuselo sethu esiphambili, kukwakho nemikhwa elula esinokuyilandela kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla enokusikhusela kungekuphela nje kwi-meningitis, kodwa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi ezosulelayo.
I-Meningitis inokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokuthimla, ukukhohlela, ukwanga, nokwabelana ngezinto ezifana nezitya, izixhobo zokutya, kunye neebhrashi zamazinyo ezisetyenzisiweyo sisigulana .
Khawucinge ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho ufumana uhlobo lwe-meningitis olusulelayo, nciphisa ukusondelana naye kangangoko unako. Kwakhona, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu one-meningitis, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-meningitis esinayo isigulana, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane njengesilumkiso. Ngoko ke ungoyiki, kwaye funa ingcebiso kagqirha ukuba unamathandabuzo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nangona i-meningitis sisifo esibi kakhulu, ungalibali ukuba inokuthintelwa.
- Ukugonywa yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuzikhusela kwesi sifo. Thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho malunga nokugonywa okufanelekileyo kuwe nakubantwana bakho uze ufumane imijovo efunekayo.
- Ukongeza kwiigonyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imikhwa emihle yococeko, njengokuhlamba izandla rhoqo ngesepha nokungabelani ngezinto zakho zobuqu (ezifana neebrashi zamazinyo, iikomityi) nabanye.
- Ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu one-meningitis okanye unesikrokro malunga nesi sifo, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha .
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