Ingaba iingxinano zobuchopho bomntwana wakho zikhulu? Masifunde nge-ventriculomegaly

Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe weva igama elithi 'Ventriculomegaly' ngexesha lokuskena kwakho. Umele ukuba waziva uloyiko olukhulu kwaye wothuka xa uliva, akunjalo? Umele ukuba wacinga, 'Owu, ngaba kukho into engalunganga kakhulu ngomntwana wam?' Kuqhelekile ukuba oomama abaninzi bazive ngaloo ndlela ngamaxesha anje. Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, masithethe ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Ventriculomegaly' namhlanje ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.

Yintoni iVentriculomegaly?

Ngamafutshane, iVentriculomegaly kuxa imingxunya egcwele ulwelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo yomntwana wakho (esiyibiza ngokuba 'zii-ventricles') inkulu kunesiqhelo. Cinga ngayo ngolu hlobo: ubuchopho bethu bunala magumbi mancinci ngaphakathi kubo. Ngaphakathi kwala magumbi kukho ulwelo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba 'lulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal' okanye `(ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal - CSF)'.

Olu lwelo lwe-`(CSF)` lubaluleke kakhulu. Lufana nomqamelo okhusela ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo. Oko kukuthi, lukhusela la malungu ekonzakaleni, luwondle, kwaye lususa inkunkuma. Ngokwesiqhelo, olu lwelo lwe-`(CSF)` luyaveliswa, luhamba luze lujikeleze ingqondo, luze luphinde lufunxwe emzimbeni. Le yinto eyenzeka rhoqo, njengomjikelo.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba kukho umqobo kwiindlela ezihamba ngazo olu lwelo `(CSF)`, okanye ukuba kukho ukungalingani phakathi kokuveliswa nokufunxwa kolwelo, olu lwelo lubambeka ngaphakathi kwimingxuma ebizwa ngokuba yi-ventricles kwaye luqala ukuqokelelana. Kulapho loo mingxuma ikhula kancinci kancinci, njengebhaluni egcwala ngamanzi. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-`Ventriculomegaly` ngexesha lesigaba somntwana ongekazalwa, oko kukuthi, xa umntwana esesibelekweni.

Usenokuba ukhe weva negama elithi 'hydrocephalus'. Le yimeko apho ii-ventricles zikhula ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF), oluthi lonyuse uxinzelelo engqondweni. Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga imeko ethi 'hydrocephalus' emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Ukuba ii-ventricles zomntwana zanda esibelekweni, kuthiwa yi-ventriculomegaly.

Ingaba le yimeko eqhelekileyo?

Ngokwedatha evela eMelika, le meko inokuchaphazela malunga nezibini kwi-1000 zokuzalwa ziphila. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba uninzi lwexesha, le yimeko engephi, kwaye ayibangeli naziphi na iingxaki xa umntwana ezalwa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, la ma-ventricle ayayeka ukukhula, okanye anciphe abuyele kubukhulu obuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokoyika kakhulu xa usiva eli gama.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeVentriculomegaly?

Uninzi lwexesha, akukho zimpawu zibonakalayo ze-ventriculomegaly kumntwana osesibelekweni.Ugqirha wakho uya kufumanisa ukuba ii-ventricles zomntwana wakho ziyakhula ngexesha le-ultrasound eqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iintsana ezine-ventriculomegaly encinci azibonisi zimpawu emva kokuzalwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, umntwana angabonakalisa iimpawu ze-hydrocephalus emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ezelwe. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Intloko yomntwana inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga okanye ubukhulu bentloko buyanda ngequbuliso.
• Indawo ethambileyo ephezu kwentloko yomntwana (i-fontanel) ibonakala idumbile kwaye ikhukhumele.
• Amehlo awakwazi ukujonga phezulu, kwaye abonakala ngathi ajonge phantsi (ukujonga ezantsi).
• Ukudinwa kakhulu okanye ukungazinzi nokulila rhoqo.
• Ukuhlanza rhoqo.
• Ubunzima okanye ukungafuni ukusela ubisi.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

I-Ventriculomegaly inokuba nezizathu ezininzi. Ngamanye amaxesha , akukho sizathu sicacileyo sinokufunyanwa. Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba le meko idla ngokuba yinto eyenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga, ayisiyonto izuzwe kwizakhi zofuzo zabazali okanye ebangelwa zizinto ezingqongileyo .

Ezona zizathu zimbini zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Kukho uhlobo oluthile lokuthintelwa okanye ukungalingani kwintshukumo ekhululekileyo yolwelo lwe-"CSF" esithethe ngalo kunye nokufunxwa kwalo emzimbeni ngokwendalo.
• Ukulimala okanye enye ingxaki inokuchaphazela uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana.

Ingaba le yinto yemfuza?

Hayi. I-Ventriculomegaly ayilofuzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba yinto eyenzeka ngequbuliso kwaye ayiyonto edluliselwa kumntwana ngumama.

Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

I-Ventriculomegaly idla ngokuba yinto eyenzeka ngengozi. Inokwenzeka yodwa okanye kunye nezinye iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ezi meko zilandelayo zinokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko wokuba umntwana abe ne-ventriculomegaly:

• I-Spine bifida (isiphene sokuzalwa esichaphazela umqolo).
• I-Agenesis ye-corpus callosum (ACC) (ukungaphumeleli kokukhula ngokufanelekileyo kwesakhiwo esidibanisa iinxalenye ezimbini zobuchopho).
• Usulelo kumama okhulelweyo, umzekelo, i-syphilis okanye i-cytomegalovirus (CMV).
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome, umzekelo, i-Down syndrome.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho?

Ikamva lomntwana one-ventriculomegaly lixhomekeke kubukhali kunye nesizathu esiyintloko. Ngokubanzi, ukuba ii-ventricles zandiswe kancinci kwaye i-ultrasound ayibonisi naziphi na ezinye iingxaki, isiphumo siba sihle ngokubanzi.

Nangona kunjalo, umntwana one-ventricles ezinkulu kakhulu, okanye umntwana onezinye iingxaki zempilo ezikhoyo ekuzalweni kunye ne-ventricles ekhulisiweyo, usengozini enkulu yeengxaki. Nangona zingaqhelekanga, abantwana abazalwa bene-ventriculomegaly enzima banokuba neengxaki ze-neurological okanye ukulibaziseka kokukhula.

Ngaba umntwana one-ventriculomegaly angaphila?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. I-Ventriculomegaly yimeko enokunyangeka.

I-Ventriculomegaly ifunyaniswa njani?

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga le meko ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-anatomy ye-fetal, okwenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-18 nezingama-22 zokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuxilongwa kamva ekukhulelweni. Ngexesha le-ultrasound, ugqirha ulinganisa iindawo ezithile zobuchopho bomntwana. Ukuba umlinganiselo mkhulu ngokungaqhelekanga, oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana une-ventriculomegaly.

Emva koko, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo zokuthatha imifanekiso, njenge -MRI ye-fetal (i-Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging - i-MRI). Oku kungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yengqondo yomntwana, ukuze ugqirha akwazi ukubona ii-ventricles zomntwana ngokweenkcukacha. I-MRI ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo.

Ugqirha wakho usenokuyalela ii-ultrasounds ezingaphezulu kulo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho ukuze ajonge ubungakanani bolwelo olukwi-ventricles yobuchopho bomntwana.

Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-amniocentesis lunokwenziwa. Oku kubandakanya ugqirha esebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthatha isampuli encinci yolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze umntwana. Olu lwelo lunokuvavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na izifo, ezifana ne-cytomegalovirus.

Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, kwenziwa olunye uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound okanye i-MRI yengqondo yomntwana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umntwana une-hydrocephalus na kwaye ngaba kufuneka utyando.

Iimpawu zokuxilonga i-ventriculomegaly

Ubunzima be-ventriculomegaly ye-fetal bulinganiswa ngobubanzi be-ventricle. Kwi-fetus eqhelekileyo, ii-ventricle zobuchopho zingaphantsi kwe-10 millimeters (mm) ububanzi - malunga nobubanzi be-pea.

• Ubuthambileyo: Ii-ventricles eziphakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-12 mm.
• Phakathi: Iiventricles eziphakathi kwe-13 kunye ne-15 mm.
• Inzima: Iiventricle zibanzi ngaphezu kwe-15 mm.

Iphathwa njani?

I-Ventriculomegaly inyangwa emva kokuba umntwana wakho ezelwe, kwaye idla ngokufuneka kuphela xa umntwana wakho ebonisa iimpawu ze-hydrocephalus.

Ugqirha uza kwenza i-ultrasound okanye i-MRI yomntwana. Ukuba kusekho ulwelo olungakhuselekanga kwi-ventricles yomntwana, utyando lobuchopho lunokufuneka ukuze kuncitshiswe ulwelo kunye noxinzelelo engqondweni.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lotyando kukufaka i-shunt engqondweni yomntwana ukuze kususwe ulwelo (utyando lwe-ventriculoperitoneal shunt). I-shunt yityhubhu eguquguqukayo evumela ulwelo olongezelelweyo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) ukuba luhambe luye kwenye indawo yomzimba (njengesisu).

Kwezinye iimeko, olunye uhlobo lotyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) lunokufuneka. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wotyando ufaka i-endoscope phezulu kwentloko yomntwana (i-fontanel). Oku kudala enye indlela yokuba ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) lungene kwaye lujikeleze ingqondo.

Ngaba i-ventriculomegaly ingaphucuka ngokwayo?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha i-ventriculomegaly inokuba bhetele ngaphandle konyango. Okanye ingahlala injalo ize iziphelele ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Ugqirha wakho uya kujonga ubungakanani be-ventricles yobuchopho bomntwana kulo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.

Kuthekani ukuba umntwana wam une-ventriculomegaly?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unale meko ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ugqirha wakho uza kuyijonga ngokusondeleyo ingqondo yomntwana wakho. Emva kokuba umntwana wakho ezelwe, uza kujonga ukuba ii-ventricles zomntwana zikhulu na. Ukuba akukho zimpawu zee-ventricles ezinkulu okanye uxinzelelo engqondweni, umntwana wakho usenokungadingi utyando emva kokuzalwa. Uninzi lweentsana ezineemeko ezibuthathaka azinazo naziphi na iziphumo zempilo ezihlala ixesha elide.

Abantwana abazelwe bene-ventriculomegaly banokuba ne-hydrocephalus kamva. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, utyando lunokufuneka. Umntwana kuya kufuneka ajongwe iminyaka eliqela emva kotyando ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo engqondweni yomntwana luhlala luqhelekile.

Ngaba kufuneka ukhathazeke nge-ventriculomegaly?

Ukuba umntwana ongekazalwa une-ventriculomegaly encinci kwaye akanazo ezinye iingxaki zempilo, kukho amathuba angama-90% okuba i-ventriculomegaly ayizukubangela naziphi na iziphumo zexesha elide.

Kuqhelekile ukuba nexhala xa usiva ukuba umntwana wakho unokuzalwa enesimo esithile sempilo. Buza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo. Baza kukunceda unciphise uloyiko lwakho malunga nokuba umntwana wakho uza kuba sempilweni na. Baza kwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukukuxhasa.

Ngaba oku kuyayichaphazela indlela yokuzala umntwana?

Ngokwesiqhelo akunjalo. Ngaphandle kokuba intloko yomntwana inkulu kakhulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba azale ngendlela eqhelekileyo.Ukuba kukho ezinye iingxaki zempilo okanye ukuba intloko yomntwana inkulu, kunokufuneka ukuba abeleke umntwana ngotyando (C-section). Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba ubelekele umntwana wakho esibhedlele esikhethekileyo ekunyangeni abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho oogqirha abakhethekileyo kunye nezibonelelo ezifana neYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZifo eziSandulelayo (NICU).

Ngaba i-ventriculomegaly ingathintelwa?

Hayi. Akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela iVentriculomegaly. Asikuko ukuba unetyala.

Ngaba i-ventriculomegaly ithetha ukuba umntwana une-Down syndrome?

Oku akuyonyani ngokwenene. Kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-ventriculomegaly kunye ne-Down syndrome. Imveku enama-ventricle amakhulu inokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba neengxaki ze-chromosome ezifana ne-Down syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ne-ventriculomegaly akuthethi ukuba umntwana wakho uza kuba ne-Down syndrome.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo malunga nokuxilongwa kweVentriculomegaly. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo?
• Ngaba kukho into endifanele ndiyenze ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngenxa yesi sifo?
• Ngaba kukho unyango lweVentriculomegaly?
• Ngaba umntwana wam uza kuba nokulibaziseka kwengqondo okanye ukukhula?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna utyando emva kokuba umntwana wam ezelwe?

Ngamafutshane (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukufumana ukuxilongwa kweVentriculomegaly ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ngequbuliso. Usenokuba uzibuza, "Ngaba kukho into engalunganga ngokukhulelwa kwam?" okanye "Ngaba kukho into engalunganga endiyenzileyo?" Nceda ukhumbule, awenzanga nto imbi, kwaye uninzi lwexesha umntwana wakho uza kuzalwa esempilweni. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba oku kuthetha ukuthini ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango oluya kulufuna emva kokuzalwa. Ukhona ukuphendula imibuzo yakho kwaye athathe onke amanyathelo afunekayo ukugcina ukukhulelwa kwakho kunye nomntwana wakho esempilweni. Musa ukoyika, kwaye landela icebiso likagqirha wakho.

I- Ventriculomegaly, ubuchopho bomntwana ongekazalwa, i-CSF, i-hydrocephalus, iskeni sokukhulelwa, impilo yomntwana, imingxunya yobuchopho