Ingaba nawe uziva unesizungu okanye unentloko ebuhlungu? Oku kusenokuba yi-Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva unesiyezi, unesizungu, okanye ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho xa uhamba? Abanye abantu bathetha amazwi angcolileyo xa bethetha. Musa ukuzithatha ezi mpawu njengeziqhelekileyo. Zingaba ziimpawu zemeko enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ngasemva kwengqondo yakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency (VBI) .

Yintoni i-vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI)?

Ngamafutshane, i-vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) yimeko apho ukuhamba kwegazi ngasemva kwengqondo yakho kuncitshiswa okanye kuyekwa. Le nxalenye engasemva yengqondo yethu inoxanduva lokulawula ulungelelwano kunye nokuhamba. Ngoko khawucinge ngeengxaki ezinokuvela ukuba le nxalenye ayifumani gazi laneleyo.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-VBI baneengxaki zempilo ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nestroke okanye i-transient ischemic attack (TIA) , imeko efana ne-mini-stroke. Ngamanye amaxesha le meko inokuba nzima kwaye inokubangela ukukhubazeka ubomi bonke okanye nokufa. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku.

Oogqirha badla ngokunyanga le meko ye-VBI ngokucebisa ukuba kutshintshwe indlela yokuphila, baze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, banike amayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka emva kwale miqathango, utyando lunokufuneka.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-VBI?

Ewe, kukho uhlobo olulodwa olukhethekileyo. Lubizwa ngokuba yi -Transient Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency . Oku kunqabile kancinci. Le meko yenzeka xa ujika okanye ujika intloko yakho. Oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuthi:

• Isifo sokuzingela iBow
• I-syncope ejika intloko
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-vertebrobasilar

Okwenzekayo kweli tyala kukuba umthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye engqondweni uvaleke okwethutyana xa intloko ijikwa.

Ngubani onokuthi abe nethuba elingcono lokuphuhlisa i-VBI?

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-VBI ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala kwaye unezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba unesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo okanye isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD) , ezingxaki zemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni nakwizitho ezikude ezifana nemilenze neengalo.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile .
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho okhe waba ne-VBI ngaphambili (ikhonkco elidluliselwa kwilifa).
• Ukuba une -high blood pressure (i-Hypertension) okanye amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini lakho .
• Ukuba unembali yokutshaya.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho ukutyeba kakhulu.
• Ukuba une-fatty deposits (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho, oko kuthetha ukuba une -atherosclerosis .
• Ukuba inqanaba le-lipids egazini liphezulu, libizwa ngokuba yi -hyperlipidemia .

Iimeko zentliziyo nezibangela ukuvalwa komthambo wegazi nazo ziyandisa umngcipheko we-VBI. Umzekelo:

• I-Atrial fibrillation (i-Afib) (ingxaki yesingqisho sentliziyo)
• Iingxaki zokuqunjelwa kwegazi
• Usulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo (i-infective endocarditis)
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yomqolo ( ukukrazuka kodonga lwemithambo yomqolo ethwala igazi liye engqondweni)

Ngokwezibalo, amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana i-VBI kunabasetyhini. Le meko ikwaxhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamaqela athile eentlanga.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-VBI?

Kuthiwa malunga nama-25% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala, okanye malunga nomnye kwabane, banokuba ne-VBI. Ngoko ke le asinto ingaziwayo kwaphela.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-VBI?

Eyona nto ibangela i-VBI kwiimeko ezininzi yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -atherosclerosis . Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, oku kwenzeka xa iidipozithi zamafutha (i-plaque) ezenziwe yi-cholesterol kunye ne-calcium zakha ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, zinciphisa kwaye zinciphise ukuhamba kwegazi. Kufana nothuli olubhajwe kumbhobho wamanzi.

Kukho ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo:

• Isifo semithambo yegazi engena ngaphakathi ( ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu engqondweni)
• I-Pulmonary embolism (igazi eliqhekekileyo emiphungeni - oku kunokuba nefuthe elingangqalanga)
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yomqolo ( ukukrazuka kodonga lwemithambo yomqolo)

Kukwakho nezizathu ezingaqhelekanga:

• Izifo zegazi (i-Coagulopathy)
• Ukuxhomekeka kwiziyobisi
• I-Fibromuscular dysplasia (i-FMD) (ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweendonga zemithambo yegazi)
• Intloko ebuhlungu ye-Migraine - Ezinye iintloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu zinokunxulunyaniswa nale meko.

Zithini iimpawu ze-VBI?

Umntu one-VBI unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu. Ezi zinokuvela ngequbuliso zize zinyamalale emva kwexesha elithile, okanye zisenokuqhubeka ixesha elide.

• Iingxaki zokulinganisela : isiyezi, ukuziva ngathi izinto ziyajikeleza ( vertigo ). Khawucinge nje, ukuba uziva isiyezi nokuba umi nje, ubuya kuziva njani xa uhamba?
• Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ( i-delirium ).
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya ( i-dysphagia ).
• Izifo ezichaphazela intshukumo kunye nokulungelelaniswa ( ataxia)) - Kufana nokuba awukwazi ukuhamba, kunzima ukulawula amalungu akho omzimba.
• Ukubona kabini okanye ukulahleka kokubona.
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso ( i-syncope ).
• Ukungabi nangqondo kwinxalenye yomzimba wakho.
• Ukungacaci kakuhle nokungacaci kakuhle kwamagama xa uthetha ( dysarthria ).
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso nokuwa phantsi (ukuhlaselwa ngamaconsi).
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo (Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo).
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba zivele ngequbuliso kwaye ziphinde zibuye, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kagqirha, kuba zinokuba luphawu lwestroke.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-VBI?

Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukongeza, banokwenza ezinye iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa imeko echanekileyo.

• Uvavanyo lomfanekiso:
• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan) okanye i-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ithatha imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi ngasemva kwengqondo yakho. Oku kunokunceda ukubona ukuba akukho nto ivalelekileyo okanye umonakalo kwimithambo yegazi.
• I-Angiography: Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa imifanekiso ye-X-ray ukuhlola imithambo yegazi yakho (imithambo yegazi). Ngamanye amaxesha, ulwelo olukhethekileyo (idayi yomahluko) lufakwa kwimithambo yegazi ukwenza le mifanekiso.
• I-CTA (i-computed tomography angiography) okanye i-MRA (i-magnetic resonance angiography): Olu vavanyo lunokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo, enemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) yemithambo yegazi yakho.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo. Ijonga indlela amagumbi entliziyo kunye neevalvu ezisebenza ngayo, kunye nendlela intliziyo epompa ngayo igazi (isenzo sokupompa).
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye EKG): Le ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho. Ingabona naziphi na iingxaki kwintliziyo yakho.
• Isixhobo sokubona umbane seHolter: Esi sisixhobo esincinci esinxitywa emzimbeni wakho iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48. Sihlala sirekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe -Prothrombin time (PT) kunye novavanyo lwegazi lwe-partial thromboplastin time (PTT) : Olu vavanyo lwegazi lulinganisa ixesha elithathwayo ukuze igazi lakho lijiye.

Ayizizo zonke ezi mvavanyo eziya kufuneka. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo oza kuzenza ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nemeko yakho.

Iphathwa njani i-VBI?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kumisela unyango olufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.

1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila:

Amaxesha amaninzi, into yokuqala omawuyizame kukunciphisa iimpawu ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo.

• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukutyeba kakhulu yimbangela yezifo ezininzi.
• Lawula i-cholesterol ngokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi.
• Ukuzilolonga: Nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku inokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Le yinto omele uyenze ngokuqinisekileyo.

2. Amayeza (amayeza):

Ugqirha angakunika amayeza okulawula iingxaki zempilo.

• Amayeza alawula ukujiya kwegazi: Njenge-aspirin.
• Amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol.
• Amayeza okulawula isifo seswekile.

3. Utyando:

Ukuba utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo kunye namayeza awabuyiseli ukuhamba kwegazi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando.

• Ukususwa kwe-carotid endarterectomy: Oku kubandakanya ukususwa kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngotyando kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu entanyeni (umthambo we-carotid).
• I-Coronary angioplasty kunye ne-stent: Ukuba umthambo wegazi entliziyweni uvalekile, i-mesh yesinyithi (i-stent) enebhaluni encinci efakwe ngaphakathi iyasetyenziswa ukwandisa umthambo.
• Utyando lokudlula umthambo wentliziyo: Umthambo wegazi owonakeleyo entliziyweni uthatyathelwa indawo ngumthambo wegazi ophilileyo othathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba.
• Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwemithambo yomqolo: Ukulungisa umonakalo kwimithambo yomqolo ethwala igazi liyise engqondweni ngotyando.

Unyango lwe-VBI yeXeshana:

Njengonyango lwemeko ye-VBI esithethe ngayo ngaphambili, oluthi lwenzeke xa ujika intloko yakho:

• I-brace okanye ikhola yentamo.
• Amayeza.
• Utyando, mhlawumbi notyando lomqolo olungenamsebenzi kangako, lunokwenzeka.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yokuba ne-VBI?

Ukuba ulandela la macebiso, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wokufumana i-VBI:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-fiber. Nciphisa ioyile, iswekile, kunye netyuwa.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
• Ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol.
• Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile, zilawule ngokufanelekileyo ngokweengcebiso zonyango.
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya.

Ezi zinto zinceda ekukhuseleni kungekuphela nje kwi-VBI, kodwa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi.

Injani imeko yempilo yomntu one-VBI? (Outlook)

Uqikelelo lomntu one-VBI luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Ubungakanani bomsebenzi wobuchopho obuchaphazeleke ngawo (ubunzima bokunqongophala kwemithambo-luvo) .
• Nokuba ukhe waba nestroke ngaphambili.
• Ubudala.
• Ngaba kukho ezinye iingxaki zempilo?

Ukuba i-VBI iba nkulu, inokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni nasekufeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, iziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu zinokufumaneka.

Ngaba i-VBI ingabangela iziphumo zexesha elide?

Abantu abaninzi abaneempawu ezingephi banokuzilawula iimpawu zabo ngokutshintsha indlela abaphila ngayo kunye namayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zinzima, banokudinga iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, yokuvuselelwa.

Ezinye zeengxaki (iingxaki) ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-VBI zezi:

• Amahlwili egazi emilenzeni - I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) .
• Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni - i-Pulmonary Embolism .
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nobunzima bokuginya.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukukhubazeka okanye ukuba ndindisholo.
• Ukudumba kwesisu ( i-gastritis ).
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo ( i-myocardial infarction) .
• Usulelo lwemiphunga.
• Ukulimala koxinzelelo / izilonda zokulala.
• I-Stroke okanye i-transient ischemic attack (TIA) .
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono.

Ngaba i-VBI ingaphinda ivele emva konyango?

Izinga lokubuya kwakhona kwe-VBI liphakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-15%. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba uyaphila, kukho ithuba lokuba iza kuphinda ibuye. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kwaye ugcine indlela yokuphila esempilweni.

Ukuba ndine-VBI, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-VBI, kubalulekile ukufunda ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokukunceda ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho. Ungadinga uncedo ngezinto ezifana nezi:

• Uqeqesho lwesinyi kunye namathumbu.
• Iingcebiso ngesondlo.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ekhaya.
• Ukufundisa indlela yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Olu hlobo lonyango lunokuba luncedo kuwe:

• Unyango lomsebenzi: Ukufundisa indlela yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla wedwa.
• Unyango lomzimba: Luphucula intshukumo yomzimba, amandla, kunye nokulinganisela.
• Unyango lokuthetha: Lunceda kwiingxaki zokuthetha nokuginya.

Ungadinga uncedo lomongikazi onyamekela ikhaya ukuze ajonge inkqubo yakho yokuchacha.

Isigidimi Esiyiwa Ekhaya: Sifunde ntoni koku?

Kulungile, ngoko ke, i-vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) esithethe ngayo namhlanje.Yimeko apho ukuhamba kwegazi ngasemva kwengqondo kuncipha. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ukungakwazi ukulawula umzimba, kunye nobunzima bokuthetha. Isizathu esiphambili kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yamafutha amaninzi (atherosclerosis).

Ungakhathazeki! Ixesha elininzi, le meko inokulawulwa ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunye namayeza. Abanye abantu banokufuna utyando.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ungazityesheli. Bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuze ufumane icebiso. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunokukunceda ukuba uzinyange lula kwaye kuthintele ukuba zingabikho izifo ezinzulu.

Izinto ezifana nonyango lomsebenzi, unyango lomzimba, kunye nonyango lokuthetha zinokukunceda wenze ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla bube lula. Hlala usempilweni!

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe - vertebrobasilar, i-VBI, i-cerebral ischemia, isiyezi, ukukhubazeka, i-TIA, i-atherosclerosis, i-Stroke