Khawuthelekelele umntu omaziyo kakuhle nowayesempilweni ngaphambili ngequbuliso eqala ukwenza izinto ezingaqhelekanga. Ulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakhe, abe nobunzima bokuhamba , aze athethe amazwi angaqhelekanga xa ethetha. Ukuba ezi zinto zenzeka ngesantya esingenakucingelwa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kusenokuba kungenxa yengxaki yobuchopho engaqhelekanga kodwa embi kakhulu. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo esinye esinjalo, iCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, okanye iCJD njengoko sonke sisibiza njalo. Nangona esi sisihloko soyikeka kancinci, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngaso.
Ngaba i-CJD kunye "nesifo seenkomo eziphambeneyo" ziyinto enye?
Abantu abaninzi babhidanisa i-CJD ne-"Mad Cow Disease." Nangona kunjalo, ezi zimbini azifani.
Ngamafutshane, iBovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) sisifo sengqondo esichaphazela iinkomo kuphela. Xa sisenzeka, iinkqubo zemithambo-luvo zeenkomo ziyawohloka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zingashukumi kwaye ziziphathe ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho uhlobo lwe-CJD olunokufunyanwa ngabantu ngokutya inyama yenkomo enesifo seengcongconi eziphambeneyo . Lubizwa ngokuba yi-Variant CJD (vCJD) . Kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu . Zimbalwa kakhulu iimeko ezixeliweyo kwihlabathi liphela. Ngoko ke asikuko oku okwenzekayo kwisifo se-CJD esiqhele ukuthetha ngaso.
Kutheni esi sifo se-CJD senzeka?
Eyona nto ibangela i-CJD kukutshintsha okungaqhelekanga kwiproteni emzimbeni wethu. Le proteni ingaqhelekanga, eguqukileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-prion .
Cinga ngeproteni esempilweni engqondweni yethu njengephepha eligoqwe kakuhle. Le protein iguqulweyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-prion ifika ize igoqe eli phepha lilungileyo ngendlela engafanelekanga. Emva koko elo phepha ligoqwe ngendlela engafanelekanga liqhubeka ligoqe amanye amaphepha alungileyo ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ngoko ke, iiseli zengqondo ziyatshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci. Ukuba uyijonga phantsi kwe-microscope, le tissue yengqondo yonakeleyo ifana nesiponji.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-CJD kuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenziwe ngayo i-prion.
| Uhlobo lwe-CJD | Isizathu kunye nengcaciso |
|---|---|
| I-CJD engaqhelekanga | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, iproteni esempilweni iguquka ngequbuliso ibe yi-prion. Uninzi lwezigulane ze-CJD zinalo olu hlobo. |
| I-CJD yoSapho | Oku kubangelwa sisiphene semfuza. Ukuba omnye wabazali une-gene eguqukileyo ebangela esi sifo, inokudluliselwa ebantwaneni. Kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu. Kuphela malunga ne-10%-15% yezigulane ze-CJD eziwela kolu luhlu. |
| I-CJD efunyenweyo | Olu lolona hlobo lunqabileyo. Umntu unokusuleleka yi-CJD ngezixhobo zonyango ezingcolisiweyo (umz. ngexesha lotyando), ukufakelwa amalungu omzimba, okanye inaliti yehomoni yokukhula engcolisiweyo. Le ngozi incitshiswe kakhulu ngamanyathelo okhuseleko angqongqo kwizibhedlele namhlanje. |
Zithini iimpawu ze-CJD?
Eyona nto iyingozi nge-CJD kukuba iimpawu ziqala ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ziba mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi mpawu ziyafana nezo ze-dementia.
Iimpawu eziphambili ezibonakalayo zezi:
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye nokudideka
- Ubunzima bokuhamba kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi
- Ukushukuma kwemisipha ngequbuliso (iintshukumo eziqhaqhazelayo)
- Utshintsho kubuntu (ukucaphuka ngequbuliso, ukucaphuka)
- Ubunzima bokucinga nokwenza izigqibo
- Iingxaki zokubona
- Ukungalali kunye nokudakumba
Umahluko phakathi kwesifo se-CJD kunye nesifo se-Alzheimer's
Ezi mpawu zinokukukhumbuza ngesifo sika-Alzheimer . Kodwa umahluko ophambili sisantya . Kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, izinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zenzeka kancinci ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Kodwa kwi-CJD, imeko yesigulana iba mandundu ngokukhawuleza, kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga emva kokuba ezi mpawu ziqalile.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo?
Ngelishwa, akukho vavanyo lunye olunokuqinisekisa i-CJD. Oogqirha benza uxilongo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zesigulana kunye nokuba zikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kurhanelwa ukuba isifo sikhona, kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba sikhona.
- Iskeni ye-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Oku kungathatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho. Kunokukhangela utshintsho oluthile engqondweni olwenzeka kwi-CJD.
- Uvavanyo lwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo kusetyenziswa izinzwa ezincinci ezinamathele entlokweni. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa iipatheni ezibonakala kwizigulane ze-CJD.
- Ukubhoboza eLumbar: Kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci kakhulu, kuthathwa ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal oluncinci ngaphakathi kwintambo yomqolo luze luvavanywe iiproteni ezithile ezibonwa kwi-CJD.
Eyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa esi sifo ngokuqiniseka okupheleleyo kukuthatha isampuli yezicubu zobuchopho (i-biopsy). Nangona kunjalo, ukuthatha isampuli enjalo engqondweni yomntu ophilayo kuyingozi kakhulu kwisigulana nakugqirha, ngoko ke akwenzeki njalo. Rhoqo, esi sifo siqinisekiswa ngokuqinisekileyo emva kokuba isigulana sifile.
Indlela esi sifo esiba mandundu ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha
I-CJD iqhubeka ngamanqanaba aliqela ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo eyenza kube ngamava abuhlungu kakhulu kwisigulana nakwintsapho yaso.
| Inqanaba lesi sifo | Iimpawu ezilindelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba lokuqala | Ukungathethi kakuhle xa uthetha, isiyezi, ukungaziva kakuhle kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo (imibono), ukucaphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukuzikhupha eluntwini, kunye nokungalali. |
| Inqanaba lamva | Ukungakwazi ukulawula amathumbu kunye nesinyi, ubunzima obukhulu bokuginya nokuthetha, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, i-paranoia, ukuphumla ebhedini, i-coma. |
Malunga nama-70% abantu abane-CJD bayafa emva kokuba bexilongiwe.Uza kufa kungekapheli nonyaka. Xa usiva oku, ungaziva usoyika kakhulu, ulusizi, kwaye unomsindo. Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Musa ukubandezeleka wedwa ngexesha elinje. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane inkxaso yengqondo efunekayo.
Ngaba kukho unyango lwe-CJD?
Ngelishwa, akukho nyango okanye unyango lwe-CJD. Abaphandi bazame amayeza amaninzi, kodwa akukho nanye eye yaphumelela.
Into ekuphela kwayo enokwenziwa ngoku kukulawula iimpawu . Oko kuthetha ukuba:
- Ukunika amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu.
- Ukunika amayeza okuqinisa izihlunu kunye nokuqaqamba.
- Ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezifunekayo ukuze isigulana sikhululeke kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Xa isifo siba sibi kakhulu, isigulana siya kufuna unyango olupheleleyo. Uphando luyaqhubeka lokufumana unyango lwesi sifo kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba unomdla, ungabuza ugqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi oluvavanya unyango olutsha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD) sisifo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga nesisasazeka ngokukhawuleza.
- Oku kubangelwa yiproteni eguquliweyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-prion etshabalalisa iiseli zobuchopho.
- I-CJD kunye ne-"Mad Cow Disease" zizifo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwe-CJD (vCJD) olunokufunyanwa ngokutya inyama yenkomo enesifo.
- Akukho nyango lwale sifo okwangoku. Konke okunokwenziwa kukulawula iimpawu nokwenza umguli azive ekhululekile.
- Ukuba umntu omaziyo ufumana utshintsho olukhulu kwinkumbulo, ekuziphatheni, nakwimisebenzi yomzimba ngexesha elifutshane, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko . Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile ukuze kucwangciswe kakuhle kwaye kunyanyekelwe.
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