Njengomama notata, nokuba sibanyamekela kangakanani na abantwana bethu abancinci, asinakubathintela ekuguleni okanye ekufumaneni ukwenzakala okuncinci. Ngoko ke, xa umntwana egula okanye eziva engonwabanga, sonke sizama ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi kwakhe. Elinye lamayeza adumileyo esiwasebenzisayo ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu ngamaxesha anje yiparacetamol, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-acetaminophen. Kodwa kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa unika abantwana eli yeza, ingakumbi iintsana ezincinci. Ukuba idosi iphantsi kancinci, kunokuvela iingxaki ezinkulu.
Ngoko ke yintoni i-paracetamol enikwa ezi ntsana zincinci?
Ngamafutshane, eli liyeza elinokuthengwa kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kwaye lisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu ebantwaneni. Isithako esisebenzayo kweli yeza yi-acetaminophen. Sifumana ezi phantsi kwamagama eempawu ezahlukeneyo ezifana neTylenol, Panadol, Calpol. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-5 milliliters (ml) yesiraphu ye-paracetamol enikwa abantwana abancinci ine-160 milligrams (mg) ye-acetaminophen.
Kuqhelekile ukuba sinike abantwana eli yeza. Ukuba nje linikwe idosi echanekileyo, likhuselekile kakhulu, kwaye lisebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha nabo becebisa ukuba lisetyenziswe.
Ngokwesiqhelo sisebenzisa i-paracetamol kwiimeko ezifana nezi:
- Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane
- Umkhuhlane wentsholongwane ofana nomkhuhlane
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Umqala obuhkungu
- Intlungu yamazinyo
Kodwa khumbula, eli yeza lilawula iimpawu okwethutyana kuphela. Ukuba iingxaki zomntwana wakho ziyaqhubeka, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho.
Masizazi ngqo iintlobo kunye nomahluko weparacetamol?
Nangona i-paracetamol iyiyeza elifanayo, iza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye namandla ahlukeneyo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezenzelwe abantu abadala, abantwana abadala kunye neentsana.
- Kwabantu abadala: Ezi ziza ngohlobo lweepilisi, iikhaphu, iipakethi zokusela, kunye nee-suppositories ezifakwa emqolo. Ezinye iipilisi ziqulethe i-325mg, ngelixa ezinye iipilisi 'ezinamandla angaphezulu' ziqulethe i-500mg. Kukwakho namayeza adibanisa i-paracetamol nezinye iintlungu, ezifana ne-ibuprofen. Amanye amayeza okukhwehlela nawomkhuhlane anokuba ne-paracetamol.
- I-Paracetamol yabantwana: Ezi zihlala zenzelwe abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweli-11 ubudala. Ziza ngesiraphu kunye neepilisi ezihlafunwayo.
- I-Paracetamol yeentsana: Ezi zizinto ezenziwe nge-liquids zeentsana ezingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Ziza nesirinji yeplastiki ukulinganisa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo beyeza.
Umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwe-paracetamol yosana kunye ne-paracetamol yabantwana
Ngaphambili, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kowama-2011, uxinaniso lwesiraphu yeparacetamol enikwa iintsana ezincinci lwaluphezulu. Oko kukuthi, kwakukho amayeza amaninzi kumlinganiselo omncinci wolwelo. Kodwa uxinaniso lwesiraphu enikwa abantwana abadala lwaluphantsi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abazali babengadingi ukunika abantwana babo uxinaniso olukhulu lolwelo xa benika amayeza.
Kodwa umahluko kwezi ngxinano zimbini ukhokelele kwiziganeko ezininzi ezingathandekiyo. Abanye abazali, ngenxa yokungazi, banike abantwana idosi efanayo yesiraphu enoxinano oluphezulu njengabantwana abadala. Isiphumo sibe kukuba abantwana basebenzise kakhulu, baba nesifo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuba yi-acetaminophen toxicity, kwaye kwafuneka bangeniswe esibhedlele.
Emva kwezi ziganeko, ukusukela ngo-2011, iinkampani eziphambili zamayeza kwihlabathi zigqibe ekubeni zivelise isiraphu ye-paracetamol yeentsana kunye neyabantwana ngoxinzelelo olufanayo (160 mg/5 ml).
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale ufunda ilebheli ebhotileni ngononophelo kwaye ujonge kabini umthamo kunye noxinzelelo ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana wakho naliphi na iyeza. Ukuba uneebhotile zamayeza ezindala ekhaya, jonga umhla wokuphelelwa kwazo. Kuphephe ukunika amayeza aphelelwe lixesha.
Idosi echanekileyo yeparacetamol yokunika umntwana
Ubungakanani be-paracetamol umntwana wakho ayifunayo buxhomekeke kubunzima bomzimba wakhe, hayi kwiminyaka yakhe . Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Musa ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi kweeveki ezili-12 (iinyanga ezi-3) i-paracetamol ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa idosi yesiraphu yeparacetamol, edla ngokuba yi-160mg/5ml, ngokusekelwe kubunzima bomntwana. Nangona ezi ziyingcebiso ngokubanzi, soloko ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
| Ubunzima bomntwana (ngeekhilogram) | Ubungakanani besiraphu omele bunikwe (160mg/5ml) |
|---|---|
| 2.7 kg - 5.3 kg | 1.25 ml |
| 5.4 kg - 8.1 kg | 2.5 ml |
| 8.2 kg - 10.8 kg | 3.75 ml |
| 10.9 kg - 16.3 kg | 5 ml |
| 16.4 kg - 21.7 kg | 7.5 ml |
| 21.8 kg - 27.2 kg | 10 ml |
| 27.3 kg - 32.6 kg | 12.5 ml |
| 32.7 kg - 43.1 kg | 15 ml |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-43.2 kg | 20 ml |
Ibaluleke kakhulu:
- Le dosi inganikwa kanye emva kweeyure ezi-4-6 .
- Musa ukunika iidosi ezingaphezulu kwezine kwiiyure ezingama-24 nangasiphi na isizathu.
- Musa ukusebenzisa iitisipuni zasekhitshini ukulinganisa amayeza. Sebenzisa isirinji okanye ikomityi yokulinganisa eza namayeza rhoqo.
Iingozi zokusebenzisa iParacetamol ngokugqithisileyo
Ukusela i-paracetamol eninzi kuyingozi kuye nabani na wanoma yiphi na iminyaka. Kukho umda wokuba isibindi sethu sinokuyinyamezela kangakanani i-paracetamol. Ukudlula loo mda kunokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwesibindi, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi, kwanokufa.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili abantwana abanokuyihlakulela ngazo le meko:
1. Ukugqithisa ngempazamo: Ukunika amayeza angaphezulu kunomlinganiselo omiselweyo okanye ukunika amayeza kwakhona ngaphambi kokuba kudlule iiyure ezi-4.
2. Ukunika iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza aqulethe i-paracetamol ngaxeshanye: Umzekelo, ukunika isiraphu ye-paracetamol xa kukho umkhuhlane, uze unike enye isiraphu xa kukho umkhuhlane (onokuba nawo une-paracetamol) emva kwexesha elifutshane.
Iimpawu zokugqithisa kweParacetamol
Ukuba umntwana wakho unenye yezi mpawu , mse kwisebe likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Intlungu kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokudinwa kakhulu
- Umchamo omnyama, igazi kumchamo, okanye ukuncipha kokuchama rhoqo
- Ukudideka, ukozela kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo
- Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo (i-jaundice)
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba umntwana wakho usele i-paracetamol eninzi, mse esibhedlele ngoko nangoko uze utsalele umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweePoison kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
Esibhedlele, unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni umntwana ebesele ethatha amayeza ixesha elingakanani kunye nobunzima bemeko. Unyango luquka ukuhlamba isisu, ukunika i-activated charcoal, kunye nokunika i-antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ngemithambo yegazi.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-3 ubudala unomkhuhlane we-100.4°F (38°C) okanye ngaphezulu.
- Ukuba umkhuhlane womntwana ungaphezulu kwe-104°F (40°C).
- Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala unomkhuhlane ohlala iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-24.
- Ukuba umntwana oneminyaka engaphezu kwemi-2 ubudala unomkhuhlane ohlala iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-3.
- Ukuba intlungu ayipheli nasemva kokusebenzisa i-paracetamol.
- Ukuba umntwana ubonakalisa iimpawu zokunganyamezelani komzimba ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba kolwimi, amalungu omzimba (yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko).
Ukuba umntwana wakho usebenzisa amayeza esifo esithile (umz. isifo sokuwa, isifo sephepha), qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba umnike i-paracetamol.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Soloko umisela idosi yeparacetamol ngokusekwe kubunzima bomntwana , hayi kubudala bakhe.
- Soloko usebenzisa isirinji okanye indebe yokulinganisa eza neyeza ukulinganisa iyeza. Akukho zipuni zasekhitshini!
- Kuphephe ukunika umthamo ongaphezulu kunomlinganiselo omiselweyo. Musa ukunika umthamo ongaphezulu kwe-4 kwiiyure ezingama-24.
- Ukuba unika umntwana wakho amanye amayeza (ingakumbi i-cold syrups), soloko ujonga ukuba anayo na i-paracetamol.
- Gcina onke amayeza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, kude nokufikelela kwabantwana.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nomthamo okanye imeko yomntwana wakho, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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