Ngaba umntwana wakho uqalise ukukhohlela njengomkhuhlane, waza waqala ukukhohlela kakubi kakhulu, ngalo lonke ixesha? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla ngelixa ukhohlela, kwaye ngaba kwenza isandi esingaqhelekanga "sokuphefumla" xa uphefumla? Olu asilokhwehlela oluqhelekileyo, lusenokuba lusulelo oluyingozi lokuphefumla olubizwa ngokuba " kukukhwehlela okungapheliyo " kwintetho eqhelekileyo, kwaye ngokwezonyango lwaziwa ngokuba yi-`( Pertussis )`. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku, ingakumbi ukuba unabantwana abancinci ekhayeni lakho.
Yintoni ukukhwehlela okukruqulayo? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esichaphazela umphimbo wethu kunye nendlela yokuphefumla. Sinokuchaphazela nabani na walo naliphi na ubudala, kodwa siyingozi kakhulu kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci. Siqala njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kodwa emva kweveki okanye ezimbini, sijika sibe kukukhohlela okunzima, okungenakuthintelwa.
Olu khohlela aluphumi ngaxeshanye. Ukukhohlela kuvela ngequbuliso, kuze kubuye emva kwexesha elithile. Oogqirha babiza olu hlaselo lokukhohlela ngokuthi "i-paroxysms". Xa olu khohlela luvela, kuba nzima kakhulu ukutya, ukusela, ukuphefumla, kwanokulala. Xa ukhohlela uphelile kwaye uzama ukuphefumla, uva eso sandi sikhulu esithi "whoop" siphuma emqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, iintsana ezincinci zinokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla ngaphandle kokukhohlela.
Abanye abantu bakubiza oku ngokuthi “kukukhwehlela kweentsuku ezili-100.” Oku kungenxa yokuba kungathatha iiveki, kwaneenyanga, ukuba ezi mpawu ziphele ngokupheleleyo.
Zithini iimpawu zokukhwehlela okungapheliyo? Inqanaba ngenqanaba
Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo akubi mandundu ngaxeshanye. Kuqhubeka kancinci kancinci kumanqanaba amathathu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo zigaba zintathu.
| Iqonga | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba lokuqala: Njengomkhuhlane | Oku kuqhubeke kangangeveki enye okanye ezimbini. Eli lixesha apho esi sifo sisasazeka kakhulu, kodwa sicinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo. Iimpawu zezi: – Ukuxinana kwempumlo kunye nempumlo egobhozayo - Umqala obuhkungu – Iinyembezi ziphuma emehlweni – Ukukhwehlela okuncinci okunyuka kancinci kancinci – Umzimba ongenabomi – Umkhuhlane omncinci (ngaphantsi kwe-100.4°F / 38°C) |
| Inqanaba lesi-2: Uhlaselo oluqatha lokukhohlela | Oku kungathatha iveki enye ukuya kwiiveki ezintandathu, okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezili-10. Ngeli xesha, iindlela zomoya zizaliswa yincindi etyebileyo kwaye kukho ukukhwehlela okukhulu. – Ukhonkotha engayeki imizuzu eliqela ngexesha. – Xa uphefumla emva kokukhohlela, uva isandi esithi “whoop”. – Usenokuhlanza xa ukhohlela kwaye umzimba wakho usenokudinwa kakhulu. – Ukukhohlela kunokwanda xa ulila, usitya, okanye uhleka. – Ndikhwehlela emini nasebusuku, kodwa kuba mandundu ebusuku. |
| Inqanaba Lesithathu: Ukubuyela Umva Kancinci Kancinci | Oku kungathatha iiveki ezi-6. Ngeli xesha, uhlaselo olukhulu lokukhohlela alufiki njengangaphambili. Kodwa ukukhohlela okuncinci kuyafika kudlule. Kancinci kancinci, ukukhohlela kuyancipha. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, umzimba usebuthathaka, ngoko ke ezinye izifo zokuphefumla zinokuvela ngokulula. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele. |
Lumka kakhulu ngeentsana ezincinci!
Iimpawu kwiintsana ezincinci zinokwahluka kwezo zabantu abadala nakubantwana abadala. Basenokungabi naso kwaphela isikhohlela, kodwa banokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ngaba umntwana wakho ubonakala enengxaki yokuphefumla?
- Ingaba isisu sakho singena xa uphefumla?
- Ingaba ulusu okanye imilebe ejikeleze umlomo ijika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini ? Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi- 'cyanosis '.
- Ngaba ukuphefumla kuyayeka okwethutyana? (i-apnea)
Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukulibazisa. Mthathe umntwana wakho umse kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Esi sifo sikhula kwaye sisasazeka njani?
Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiBordetella pertussis. Le ntsholongwane yonakalisa ulwelo lweendlela zethu zomoya kwaye ibangele ukuba zidumbe. Oku kudumba kubangela ukuba kubekho umkrwelo ongqindilili kwaye kubangele ukukhohlela okukhulu.
Esi sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu. Xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela ,Isasazeka kwabanye ngamathontsi amancinci (amathontsi okuphefumla) akhutshwa emoyeni xa uvula umlomo wakho. Khawuthelekelele ukuba umntwana okwiklasi yomntwana wakho unale sifo. Kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba nomntwana wakho uya kusifumana.
Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 emva kokuba umntu echaphazeleke yintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-21. Abantu banokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye ukususela kusuku iimpawu eziqala ngalo ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu emva kokuqala kokukhwehlela okukhulu.
Iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokukhwehlela okungapheliyo
Sithe oku akusikho ukukhwehlela nje ngenxa yeengxaki ezinobungozi ezinokubangelwa kuko. Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala.
| Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci | Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kubantu abancinci nakubantu abadala |
|---|---|
| – Isifo semiphunga `(Isifo semiphunga)` – Usulelo lwendlebe – Ukopha empumlweni – Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphefumla – Ukungondleki kakuhle – Ukonakala kwengqondo (encephalopathy) – Oku kunokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwengqondo okungapheliyo okanye nasekufeni. | – Isifo semiphunga `(Isifo semiphunga)` – Ukuphula ubambo endleleni eya eKahinā – Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo – Iintloko ezibuhlungu - Ukuhla ukusinda – Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo) |
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
- Iintsana ezingakhange zifumane ugonyo olufunekayo (okanye ezinoomama abangazange bafumane ugonyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa)
- Abantwana abanamandla aphantsi okuzikhusela komzimba
- Abantwana abane-asthma enzima
Ugqirha uluchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo olu sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uya kwenza ezi zinto ukuze axilonge kakuhle esi sifo:
- Ukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba: I-stethoscope ifakwa esifubeni somntwana, ivalwe, kwaye kwenziwa uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo.
- Ukubuza ngeempawu: Uza kubuzwa ngohlobo lokukhwehlela kwakho, isandi sako, kunye nokuba sele kukho ixesha elingakanani.
- Ukuvavanya isampuli ye-mucus: I-nasopharyngeal swab ithathwa ngokufaka intonga encinci empumlweni ize iyithumele kwilebhu ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba ikho na intsholongwane.
Ukuxelela ugqirha ukuba kukho umntu okufutshane nawe okhe wakhwehlela okanye wakhwehlela ixesha elide kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni isifo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokunyanga ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo?
Oogqirha banika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo. Amayeza aqhelekileyo anikwayo yi-azithromycin kunye ne-clarithromycin.
Nantsi into ebaluleke kakhulu: Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awayi kukuphelisa ukukhwehlela kwakho okanye anciphise ukuhlaselo kwakho rhoqo. Kodwa aya kukuthintela ekusasazeni isifo kwabanye. Kwakhona, ukuba uqala ukuwasela kwangethuba ukugula, anokunciphisa ubukhali beempawu zakho.
Ukuba imeko yomntwana wakho imbi kakhulu, kunokufuneka angeniswe esibhedlele ukuze afumane unyango. Apho, oogqirha kunye nabongikazi banokujonga ukuphefumla komntwana, banike ioksijini ukuba kuyimfuneko, baze bamnike izisombululo zetyuwa.
Lifikile ixesha lokubona ugqirha!
Kwiimeko ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba ubonisa umntwana wakho kugqirha.
- Ukuba umntwana akagonyelwanga ngokufanelekileyo ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo.
- Ukuba ubukhe wadibana nomntu onesifo sokukhwehlela.
- Ukuba ukukhwehlela kukhulu, kuya kuba mandundu imihla ngemihla, okanye kuhamba nokuhlanza.
- Ukuba ukhwehlela kwaye unomkhuhlane.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukugcina ubisi, ubisi oluyifomyula, okanye ukutya kuncinci.
Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza!
Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye ulusu lwakhe luba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu (ingakumbi imilebe kunye neminwe yakhe), fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane!
Izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukuze ufumane isiqabu
Ngelixa usela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha, unokufumana isiqabu ngokwenza ezi zinto ekhaya.
- Nika ubusi: Ubusi bunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela. Kodwa ungaze unike ubusi kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye! (Bunokubangela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(botulism)`).
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Ukuphumla kubalulekile ukuze umzimba uphile.
- Sela iziselo ezininzi: Ukusela izinto ezifana namanzi kunye nesuphu kuya kunciphisa umhlwa otyebileyo kwaye kube lula ukukhwehlela.
- Sebenzisa i-cool-mist humidifier: Oku kunceda ukukhulula i-mucus ngokunyusa umswakama kwigumbi.
- Yondla kancinci: Ukuyondla kancinci endaweni yokutya isidlo esinye esikhulu ngexesha kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuhlanza.
- Ziphephe izinto ezibangela ukukhwehlela:Uthuli, umsi, kunye neekhemikhali ezinobungozi (ezifana nezinye izinto zokucoca) zinokunyusa ukukhwehlela.
Ungazikhusela njani ekukhwehleleni okubangelwa yingqele?
Ukugonywa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nekuphela kwayo yokuzikhusela kwesi sifo siyingozi.
- Isitofu sokugonya `(DTaP)` esinikwa abantwana abancinci.
- Isitofu sokugonya i-`(Tdap)` sinikwa abantu abaselula, oomama abakhulelweyo, kunye nabantu abadala.
Ezi gonyo zinciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo kwaye, ukuba uyifumana, zinokunciphisa kakhulu ubukhali bayo kunye neengxaki zayo. Nangona kunjalo, okukhona ufumana igonyo ixesha elide, kokukhona ungenawo amasosha omzimba aneleyo. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neshedyuli yokugonywa kwakho nomntwana wakho.
Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba udibana nomntu onesifo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuthintela isifo, kwanangaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo akusiyo nje ingqele eqhelekileyo okanye ukukhohlela. Lusulelo olunzima olunokuba yingozi, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku kugonywa. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba wena nomntwana wakho niyaziqhelanisa nemigaqo yokugonywa kwakho.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesikhwehlela esibuhlungu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Unyango lwangethuba lunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesi sifo.
- Ukuba ubona umntwana enengxaki yokuphefumla okanye ejika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele esikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awanyangi ukukhwehlela, kodwa ayakuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kwabanye. Kubalulekile ukuthatha yonke idosi yamayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho.
Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, iPertussis ngesiSinhala, iintsuku ezili-100 zokukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela kwabantwana, ubunzima bokuphefumla, amayeza okukhwehlela, ugonyo lokukhwehlela okungapheliyo
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