Ngaba lixesha lokuba umntwana wakho omncinci afumane ugonyo lwakhe olulandelayo ngokwekhadi lakhe lokugonya? Uziva ulusizi xa umntwana wakho ekhala ngelixa efumana ugonyo, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo sonke ekufuneka siyiqonde kukuba la machiza afana nekhaka elikhusela umntwana kwizifo ezininzi eziyingozi. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngala machiza, okanye njengoko siwabiza njalo, yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni ngawo.
Yintoni kanye kanye isitofu sokugonya?
Ngamafutshane, isitofu sokugonya yinxalenye encinci kakhulu, ebuthathaka yentsholongwane okanye intsholongwane ebangela isifo, okanye intsholongwane ebulewe ngokupheleleyo. Ezinye izitofu zanamhlanje zinokuba nenxalenye yeproteni eyenziwe kwilebhu efana nentsholongwane.
Xa oku kungena emzimbeni, inkqubo yomzimba yethu yokuzikhusela iyasebenza ngoko nangoko. Kufana nokuqeqesha umkhosi. Umzimba ucinga ukuba kukho isifo sokwenyani esiya kuza. Emva koko, uqala ukwenza amajoni akhethekileyo abizwa ngokuba 'zii-antibodies' ekufuneka alwe naso eso sifo. Emva koko, ukuba intsholongwane ebangela eso sifo ifika emzimbeni, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela ilungiselelwe kwangaphambili kwaye iya kulwa naso eso sifo kwaye iyoyise. Ngenxa yoko, nokuba isifo siyayeka ukwenzeka ngokupheleleyo, okanye ukuba siyenzeka, siya kuba buthathaka kakhulu kwaye uya kuphila ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukugonywa?
Khawucinge nje, kulula kakhulu kwaye kubiza kancinci ukuthintela isifo kunokusinyanga emva kokuba sivele. Leyo yeyona njongo iphambili yokugonya.
Iigonyo azisikhuseli thina kuphela, kodwa nabanye abasingqongileyo, ingakumbi abo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, kwizifo ezinzulu. Khawucinge nje, izifo ezifana ne-masisi, i-mumps, kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, okwake kwabulala amawaka abantwana kwilizwe lethu, ngoku ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu ngenxa yezi gonyo. Iigonyo nazo zingunobangela wokuba izifo ezifana ne-polio kunye ne-smallpox ziphantse zipheliswe ehlabathini. Ezinye iigonyo kufuneka zinikwe kube kanye kuphela ebomini, kodwa ezinye iigonyo zifuna iidosi "zokunyusa" amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuze zigcinwe zikhuselekile.
Zeziphi izitofu umntwana wam afanele azifumane?
Kwilizwe lethu, ukuze ubhalise umntwana esikolweni, kufuneka ube nobungqina bokugonywa. Oku akuyi kukhusela umntwana wakho kuphela, kodwa nabo bonke abanye abantwana abakwiklasi yakhe. Itheyibhile engezantsi idwelisa ezinye zezona gonyo ziphambili umntwana anikwa zona ngokweNkqubo yeSizwe yokuGonya eSri Lanka.
| Isifo esithintelwa ngokugonywa | Igama lesiNgesi |
|---|---|
| Isifo sephepha | Isitofu sokugonya se-BCG |
| Ipoliyo | Ugonyo lwePoliovirus |
| Umphimbo, ukuqunjelwa, ukukhohlela okungapheliyo, i-hepatitis B, i-Haemophilus influenzae B | I-Pentavalent (DTP-HepB-Hib) |
| Imasisi, umkhuhlane, irubella | Isitofu sokugonya se-MMR |
| I-encephalitis yaseJapan (umkhuhlane wobuchopho) | Isitofu sokugonya se-Encephalitis yaseJapan (JE) |
| Inyongo, ileus (ekhulileyo) | I-Diphtheria yabantu abadala kunye neTetanus (dT) |
| I-covid 19 | Isitofu se-covid-19 |
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika umntwana wakho imigonyo njengoko kubonisiwe kwishedyuli ekwikhadi lakhe lokugonya. Kodwa ukuba ngesizathu esithile uphoswa yigonyo, ungakhathazeki. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane umgonyo ophosiweyo.
Ngaba kufuneka soyike iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zezitofu zokugonya?
Iigonyo zanamhlanje zikhuselekile kakhulu. Kodwa njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, iigonyo zinokuba nemiphumo emibi emincinci. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zincinci kakhulu.
- Ububomvu, ukuqaqamba okuncinci, okanye ukudumba kwindawo yokutofa.
- Umkhuhlane omncinci.
Ezi zinto zihlala ziphela ngokupheleleyo emva kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba umntwana abe nomkhuhlane omncinci. Lo mkhuhlane awuyongozi emntwaneni, kodwa unokwenza umntwana azive engakhululekanga. Iimpendulo ezinzulu ze-allergy aziqhelekanga.Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kuya kwenzeka emva nje kokugonywa. Iiofisi zoogqirha (iikliniki) zinazo zonke izibonelelo ezifunekayo zokujongana nemeko enjalo. Ukuba umntwana wakho une-allergies kuyo nayiphi na into, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha ngayo ngaphambi kokuba umnike ugonyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba amathuba okuba nemiphumo emibi (njengokufa okanye ukukhubazeka) ngenxa yezifo ezinokuthintelwa ngumjovo angaphezulu ngamawaka kunengozi encinci ebangelwa ngumjovo.
Iintsomi malunga nemithi yokugonya
I-intanethi kunye neendaba zoluntu zisasaze iingcamango ezininzi eziphosakeleyo malunga nemithi yokugonya. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona ziphambili.
Intsomi #1: "Kutheni kufuneka ugonyelwe izifo ezingasekhoyo?"
Le yinto abazali abaninzi abayibuzayo. "Kutheni sibagomela abantwana bethu kwizifo ezifana ne-masisi kunye ne-polio esingazange siyibone ngaphambili?" Impendulo elula kukuba ezi zifo ngoku azixhaphakanga ngenxa yemigonyo. Ukuba siyayeka ukunika imigonyo ngokusekelwe kwezi ngcamango ziphosakeleyo, ezo zifo ziyingozi ziya kuqala ukusasazeka kwakhona.
Intsomi #2: "I-thimerosal ye-mercury compound kwi-vaccines iyingozi."
I-Thimerosal yikhompawundi eyayikade isetyenziselwa ukugcina amachiza. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba inani elincinci kakhulu kwiigonyo alibangeli monakalo. Nangona kunjalo, njengesilumkiso, i-thimerosal isusiwe ngokupheleleyo kwiigonyo ezininzi zabantwana ukusukela ngo-2001.
Intsomi #3: "Amayeza okugonya abangela i-autism."
Le yintsomi enkulu neyona iyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ayiyonyani kwaphela. Iimpawu zesifo se-autism spectrum disorder zihlala zibonakala kumntwana oneminyaka efanayo neyogonyo lwe-MMR. Ukudibana kwezi zihlandlo zimbini kuye kwabangela ukuba abanye bakholelwe ukuba kukho unxibelelwano.
Kodwa isitofu se-MMR asizange sibe ne-thimerosal. Uphononongo olulodwa olubonise unxibelelwano phakathi kwezitofu kunye ne-autism luye lwangqineka luyinkohliso. Lonke uphando olulandelayo, kuquka uphando lweminyaka eli-10 lwabantwana abamalunga nama-700,000, luye lwabonisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba akukho nxibelelwano phakathi kwezitofu kunye ne-autism. Khumbula, umonakalo onokwenziwa emntwaneni zizifo ezifana ne-masisi kunye ne-mumps mkhulu kakhulu kunomonakalo ocingelwa ukuba ubangelwa sisitofu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukugonywa yindlela ebaluleke kakhulu nekhuselekileyo yokukhusela abantwana kwizifo ezinzulu.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba nomkhuhlane omncinci kunye nokubomvu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti emva kokugonywa. Ezi zinto ziya kuphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
- Intsomi yokuba imijovo ibangela i-autism ayiyonyani kwaphela. Oku kungqinwe zizifundo ezininzi zesayensi.
- Nika umntwana wakho imigonyo njengoko kubonisiwe kwishedyuli ekwikhadi lakhe lokugonya. Ukuba uphoswe yidosi, ungoyiki kwaye thetha nogqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unemibuzo, iinkxalabo, okanye amathandabuzo malunga neegonyo, musa ukukholelwa ulwazi olungeyonyani olukwi-intanethi, kodwa buza ugqirha wakho.
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