Ingabe ama-platelet akho aphezulu? Ake sixoxe nge-Thrombocytosis!

Ingabe nawe uke watholakala ukuthi unama-platelet aphezulu egazini lakho? Noma ingabe othile omaziyo unalesi simo? Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizoxoxa ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Thrombocytosis ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-thrombocytosis? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-thrombocytosis iwukuba unama-platelet amaningi egazini lakho. Manje ungase ubuze, “Ayini ama-platelet?” Lowo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu!

Ama-platelet awuhlobo lweseli elincane elitholakala egazini lethu. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukumisa ukopha lapho kukhona ukopha, njengalapho kukhona inxeba. Asebenza njengedamu elincane.

Kodwa kwenzekani uma inani lama-platelet landa kakhulu? Igazi lakho lingaba likhulu futhi linamathele. Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, lawa ma-platelet angaphezulu angabangela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ayingozi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .

Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izimo ze-Thrombocytosis eziyingozi ngokulinganayo. Ubukhali besimo, nokuthi ngabe udinga ukwelashwa noma cha, kuncike embangela.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-thrombocytosis:

Yebo, odokotela bathole izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Ake sixoxe ngalokho kancane.

1. I-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) noma i-Primary Thrombocytosis

Lokhu kuyisifo segazi esingavamile. Kwenzeka lapho umongo wakho wamathambo - ifektri yamaseli egazi ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho - ikhiqiza ama-platelet amaningi kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho, iningi lamaseli egazi emizimbeni yethu lenziwa kulo mongo wamathambo. Umuntu one-essential thrombocythemia ukhiqizwa ama-platelet amaningi ngendlela engavamile ngenxa yephutha kule nqubo yokukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi.

Lesi simo, esibizwa nge -ET (Essential Thrombocythemia) , sibhekwa njengesifo esivame kakhulu eqenjini legazi elibizwa nge -Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN) .

2. I-Thrombocytosis Esabelayo noma i-Thrombocytosis Yesibili

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-Thrombocytosis. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho wenza ama-platelet amaningi ngenxa yesinye isimo, ukutheleleka, ukulimala, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukususwa kwe-spleen. Kalula nje, umzimba wakho usabela kwenye into futhi wandise amazinga awo ama-platelet.I-reactive thrombocytosis ivame ukuba yesikhashana, okusho ukuthi uma imbangela eyisisekelo isixazululiwe, inani lama-platelet libuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Ubani othola i-thrombocytosis?

Lesi simo sivame ukutholakala kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60. Futhi, kubikwa ukuthi uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) lutholakala kwabesifazane ngokuphindwe kabili kunabesilisa.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-thrombocytosis?

Izizathu zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni nazo zihlukile.

Izimbangela ze-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)

I-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) yisimo sofuzo esitholakalayo. Akuyona into ozalwa nayo. Ibangelwa izinguquko, noma ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile ezihilelekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-platelet. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umongo wakho wethambo ukhiqize ama-platelet amaningi kakhulu.

Abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye abane- Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) banoguquko ku- JAK2 gene. Uguquko ku -CALR noma i-MPL genes nalo luvamile.

Ososayensi abakakwazi ukukhomba ngqo ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu kuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, kodwa ucwaningo luyaqhubeka.

Izimbangela ze-Thrombocytosis Esebenzayo

Lolu hlobo lwenzeka ngoba umzimba wakho ukhiqiza ama-platelet amaningi ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene. Noma, ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba ngenxa yokuthi ama-platelet amadala ayaqongelela esikhundleni sokubhujiswa ngesivinini esijwayelekile.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezingabangela i-Reactive Thrombocytosis :

• I-anemia , ikakhulukazi i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi .
• Ezinye izinkinga zegazi.
• Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza .
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo, njenge -pneumonia .
• Izimo zokuvuvukala - izimo ezibangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Ukulimala .
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso .
• Eminye imithi.
• Ukuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa kwesisu.
• Ukususwa kwe-spleen .
• Ukwelapha ukuntuleka kwe -vitamin B12 .

Lolu hlu luhlanganisa izimbangela ezimbalwa ezivamile. Kungaba khona ezinye izimbangela eziningi ze- Reactive Thrombocytosis .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-thrombocytosis?

Ngokuvamile, abantu abanezibalo eziphezulu zama-platelet ababi nazo izimpawu, okungenani hhayi ezigabeni zokuqala. Uma une -Reactive Thrombocytosis , ungase ube nezimpawu zesimo sezokwelapha esibangele lokhu.

Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokopha okungavamile kanye nokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wakho. Ungase ubone izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Kulimele kalula.
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, udidekile, noma unekhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukopha okuvela ekhaleni, emlonyeni nasezinsinini.
• Ukopha esiswini noma emathunjini.

Abanye abantu abane -Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) bangase babe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Erythromelalgia . Lokhu kubangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Bangase futhi babe nokungezwani nokuthuthumela ezandleni nasezinyaweni.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-thrombocytosis ingaholela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi okungavamile esiswini (isb., i-Budd-Chari syndrome ) futhi yandise ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .

I-thrombocytosis itholakala kanjani?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-thrombocytosis ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu, inkomba yokuqala onayo ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile (isb., i-Complete Blood Count - i-CBC ) kukhombisa inani lama-platelet elikhuphukile.

I-Thrombocytosis ichazwa ngokuthi inama-platelet angaphezu kuka-450,000 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi. Uma inani lama-platelet akho liphezulu, udokotela wakho cishe uzoyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi okunye emavikini ambalwa ukuze abone ukuthi izinga lihlala liphezulu yini. Ukwanda kanye kuphela kwenani lama-platelet bese kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga. Kodwa-ke, amazinga aphezulu angapheli angabonisa isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo.

Uma kwenzeka i-reactive thrombocytosis , ukuhlonza isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu (isib., i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi , umdlavuza, ukutheleleka) kungasiza odokotela ukuthi bakuxilonge futhi bakulawule. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela engakwazi ukuthola imbangela yesibili enjalo, bazokwenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze babone ukuthi une -Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) .

Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• I-smear yegazi elingaphandle:Lokhu kuhlola ukubona ukuthi ama-platelet egazini lakho abukeka engajwayelekile yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA/izakhi zofuzo: Lokhu kungabona izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ezifana ne -JAK2 , ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa ne -ET (Essential Thrombocythemia) .
• I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Lokhu kuhlola umongo wakho wamathambo ukuthi awuwona yini amaseli angavamile.

Iphathwa kanjani i-thrombocytosis?

Uma ungenazo izimpawu, ungadinga ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuphela.

I-reactive thrombocytosis (i-secondary thrombocytosis) ngokuvamile ayidingi ukwelashwa. Ngokuvamile, amazinga e-platelet abuyela esimweni esijwayelekile uma isimo esibangele inani eliphezulu lama-platelet (njengokulimala, ukutheleleka, noma ukusabela kokuhlinzwa) sesiphelile. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzobe elapha imbangela eyinhloko.

Uma une -Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) futhi ubhekene nezimpawu, udokotela wakho angase ancome izindlela eziningana zokwelapha, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuthatha i-aspirin yomthamo ophansi nsuku zonke: Ungathatha i-aspirin nsuku zonke ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Lo mthamo ophansi ngokuvamile awubangeli ukucasuka kwesisu noma ukuphuma kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, ungayithathi i-aspirin njalo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
• Ukuthatha imithi ehlisa amazinga e-platelet: Imithi efana ne -Hydroxyurea (amagama omkhiqizo: i-Droxia®, i-Hydrea®, i-Siklos®, i-Mylocel®) kanye ne -Anagrelide (igama lomkhiqizo: i-Agrilyn®) kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-platelet emnkantsheni wethambo. I-Interferon alfa (igama lomkhiqizo: i-Multiferon®) ivimbela ama-platelet angajwayelekile ukuthi ahlukane futhi aphindaphindeke.
• Ukuba nenqubo yokususa ama-platelet akho: Uma amazinga akho e-platelet ephezulu kangangokuthi usengozini yokuthola amahlule egazi asongela ukuphila, udokotela wakho angase ancome inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-plateletpheresis . Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa umshini ukuhlunga ama-platelet angaphezulu egazini lakho. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi ze-thrombocytosis , i-plateletpheresis ayidingeki.

Okubalulekile: Ungaqali noma uyeke noma yikuphi kwalokhu kwelashwa ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Konke kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho futhi kwenziwe ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sakhe.

Ingabe i-thrombocytosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

I-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-thrombocytopenia. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe lesi simo ukuze anciphise ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Uma kwenzeka i-reactive thrombocytosis (ebangelwa yizimbangela zesibili), amazinga e-platelet avame ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile uma imbangela eyisisekelo seyelashwe.

Ingabe i-thrombocytosis ingavinjelwa?

Izimo eziningi ezibangela i-thrombocytosis azinakuvinjelwa, okuhlanganisa ne-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) .

Ingabe i-thrombocytosis isongela ukuphila?

Amazinga aphezulu e-platelet awasongeli impilo, kodwa izinkinga ezingase zenzeke - njengokuqhekeka kwegazi noma ukopha okukhulu - zingaba yingozi.

Izimbangela eziningi ze-thrombocytosis zingezesikhashana, futhi azivamile ukuholela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi okukhulu. Ku- Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) , ingozi iphakeme kancane. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze, akunike imithi edingekayo, futhi enze izinqubo ezidingekayo zokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi okuyingozi. Ngakho ungakhathazeki.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-thrombocytosis?

I-reactive thrombocytosis ivame ukuxazululeka lapho inkinga eyisisekelo ilashwa. Nakuba inani lama-platelet akho lingase likhuphuke isikhathi esifushane (futhi mhlawumbe isikhathi eside ngemva kokususwa kwe-beetle yakho), i-thrombocytosis yesibili ngokuvamile ayibangeli amahlule egazi angajwayelekile.

I-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) , noma i-primary thrombocytosis, ingabangela ukopha okukhulu noma izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi. Ukuthatha imithi yokugcina amazinga akho e-platelet ejwayelekile kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lokhu. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuba nalesi sifo, i-bone marrow fibrosis (izibazi zomnkantsha) kungenzeka. Inani elincane labantu abane -Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) nabo bangaba ne -leukemia .

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uye kangaki ukuyohlolwa kwezokwelapha nokuthi kufanele yini uhlolwe igazi ukuze kuhlolwe inani lama-platelet akho.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uma uzwa izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze. Qaphela lezi zimpawu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngamazinga ami aphezulu e-platelet?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngiphinde ngihlolwe ukuze ngihlole amazinga e-platelet ami futhi?
• Yiziphi izivivinyo engizodinga ukuzenza ukuze ngithole imbangela ye-Thrombocytosis yami?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Yiziphi izinguquko engingazishintsha endleleni yami yokuphila ukuze ngiphathe lesi simo?

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho ikhombisa ukuthi ama-platelet akho aphezulu, ungesabi. Ama-platelet akho angaba phezulu ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Eziningi zalezi zizathu azidingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa uma amazinga akho ehlala ephakeme futhi unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzozama ukuthola imbangela. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela kanye nemithi ngokuvamile kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu ezihambisana ne-thrombocytosis.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nokho, sixoxe kakhulu nge-Thrombocytosis namuhla, akunjalo? Ngithemba ukuthi uyaqonda kahle lokhu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi uma uthola ukuthi amazinga akho e-platelet aphezulu. Akuzona zonke izimo ze-Thrombocytosis eziyingozi.

• I-Reactive Thrombocytosis uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, futhi ivame ukubangelwa esinye isizathu sesikhashana. Lokhu kuzophinde kuthuthuke uma leso sizathu seselashwe.
• I-Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) uhlobo olungavamile olungadinga ukuphathwa isikhathi eside.
• Qiniseka ukuthi uhlolwa futhi welashwa ngendlela efanele njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
• Ungazinaki izimpawu. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sokuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile, ukudumba, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile . Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Ngesiqondiso nokusekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ungasiphatha kahle lesi simo futhi uphile impilo enempilo.