Ingabe amathambo akho awatholi igazi elanele? Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Avascular Necrosis noma i-Osteonecrosis!

Wake wezwa ngokwenzekayo lapho amathambo akho elahlekelwa ukugeleza kwegazi? Kuzwakala kuyesabeka kancane, akunjalo? Kodwa kuyinto okudingeka siyazi. Kalula nje, lapho amathambo ethu engatholi igazi alidingayo, izicubu zamathambo ziqala ukufa kancane kancane. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-avascular necrosis noma i-osteonecrosis. Ingabe singakhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe?

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka emathanjeni ethu? Kuyini i-Avascular Necrosis?

Cabanga ngakho, njengawo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu, amathambo ethu adinga umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ukuze aphile futhi ahlale eqinile. Ngubani othwala lokhu? Igazi. Amathambo ethu awawona nje amatshe. Ayizicubu eziphilayo ezivuselelwa njalo, lapho amaseli amadala efa futhi kwakhiwa amaseli amasha. Njengokulungisa indlu, izindonga ezindala ziyadilizwa futhi kwakhiwa ezintsha, okuyinto eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwamathambo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuvuselelwa kwamathambo . Manje cabanga ngakho, kwenzekani uma ngesizathu esithile igazi eliya kula mathambo livinjelwa noma limiswa? Njengoba nje isitshalo sibuna lapho singatholi amanzi, amathambo awatholi umsoco nomoya-mpilo awudingayo. Khona-ke ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amasha amathambo kuyancipha, kodwa amaseli amadala ayaqhubeka nokufa. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ingxenye yethambo engatholi igazi iba buthakathaka, iqhekeke, futhi ekugcineni ingaqhekeka. Njengokhuni oludliwe yizintuthwane. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi (i-Avascular Necrosis).

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo? Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba naso?

Empeleni, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa akukhona ukuthi akukho. Isibonelo, ezweni elifana neMelika, kubikwa ukuthi abantu ababalelwa ku-10,000 kuya ku-20,000 ngonyaka bahlushwa yilesi simo. Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, kungakhathaliseki ubulili. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-40 basengozini enkulu kancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abasebasha, abaneminyaka yokusebenza nabo kudingeka bakhathazeke ngalokhu.

I-Avascular Necrosis ivame ukuvela kuphi?

Nakuba lesi sifo singathinta noma yiliphi ilunga emzimbeni, sivame ukubonakala kakhulu elunganeni le-hip . Yilapho umlenze wakho uhlangana khona nethanga lakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, singathinta nezinye izindawo eziningana. Lezi yizi:

• Amaqakala
• Umhlathi
• Amadolo
• Ingalo engenhla - i-humerus namahlombe

Cabanga ngakho, isinqe singenye yamalunga athwala isisindo emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke uma kunenkinga efana nalena lapho, kungaba nzima ukuhamba noma ngisho nokuma.

Kungani lokhu (i-Avascular Necrosis) kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela?

Kalula nje, noma yini evimba ukunikezwa kwegazi emathanjeni ingabangela lokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi, cishe ama-20% amacala, asikho isizathu esicacile esingatholakala . Kodwa izimbangela eziyinhloko zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili: 1. I-Traumatic Avascular Necrosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ithambo liphuka noma ilunga lihlukana engozini. Khona-ke imithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngethambo ingalimala. 2. I-Non-traumatic Avascular Necrosis:Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukuphakelwa kwegazi emathanjeni kuphazamiseka, kungaba ngenxa yesinye isifo noma ngenxa yemithi oyiphuzayo. Okukhethekile lapha ukuthi uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuvame ukuthinta amalunga afanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba . Isibonelo, uma une-avascular necrosis ehlombe lakho lesokudla, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi kuzokwenzeka nasehlombe lakho lesobunxele.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuphuka okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zibangele i-Traumatic Avascular Necrosis?

Lokhu akwenzeki kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuphuka, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka zisengozini enkulu.

• Ukuphuka kwemisipha yenyonga nokuqhekeka : Kuthiwa cishe abantu abangu-20% bangaba ne-avascular necrosis, ikakhulukazi uma i-hip joint iqhekeka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imithambo yegazi eyinhloko ehlinzeka ngegazi emathanjeni enyonga itholakala ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu.

Yiziphi izifo nezinye izinkinga ezibangela i-Nontraumatic Avascular Necrosis?

Kunezinto eziningana ezingadala lokhu:

• I-Osteoporosis : Isifo esibangela ukuba amathambo aqhekeke. Ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane asebekhulile (nakwabanye amadoda), i-avascular necrosis ingavela ngokuzumayo edolweni. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(SPONK - Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee)`.
• Izinkinga zegazi: Isibonelo, izifo ezifana ne -sickle cell anemia . Kulezi zifo, isimo samangqamuzana abomvu egazi siyashintsha futhi angabhajwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane.
• Isifo Sikashukela: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela nabo basengozini enkulu ngoba isifo sikashukela singalimaza imithambo yegazi.
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza : Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa ngemisebe , zingalimaza imithambo yegazi endaweni, okubangela i-avascular necrosis.
• Ukugula kokucindezeleka : Lapho ababhukudi bolwandle olujulile bekhuphuka ngokushesha, amabhamuza omoya angakheka egazini futhi avale imithambo yegazi.
• I-HIV
• I-Lupus: Lesi yisifo esithinta amasosha omzimba.
• Ukufakelwa Izitho Zomzimba: Le ngozi ikhona futhi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwezinto ezifana nokufakelwa izinso. Esinye isizathu salokhu eminye yemithi esetshenziswayo.

Yiziphi izinto endleleni yethu yokuphila ezandisa le ngozi?

Imikhuba ethile ingandisa ingozi yokuthola lokhu (i-Avascular Necrosis).

• Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi kungandisa ukugcwala kwamafutha egazini futhi kuvimbe imithambo yegazi.
• Ukubhema: Ukubhema nakho kuyingozi kakhulu emithanjeni yegazi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwama-corticosteroids: Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-`(Prednisone).` Lena imithi enikezwa izifo eziningi. Kodwa-ke, uma ithathwa isikhathi eside futhi ngemithamo ephezulu, lezi zinhlobo zemiphumela emibi zingavela.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Avascular Necrosis?

Izimpawu azibonakali zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ungase ungaboni lutho amasonto noma izinyanga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zimpawu ziyavela:

• Ubuhlungu obufika buphinde buphele: Ubuhlungu obufika buphinde buphele, ikakhulukazi uma kufakwa ingcindezi ethanjeni elithintekile, bese buphela lapho ingcindezi isuswa.
• Ubuhlungu nokuqina okwanda kancane kancane: Kungase kube buhlungu kancane ekuqaleni, kodwa kamuva ubuhlungu bungase bube bukhulu futhi kungaba nzima ukuhambisa ilunga.
• Ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe kwelunga: Isibonelo, uma kwenzeka ehlombe, kuba nzima ukuphakamisa ingalo. Uma kwenzeka enqulwini, kuba nzima ukugoba noma ukuqondisa umlenze.
• Ukuxhuga: Uma unalesi simo esinqeni noma edolweni lakho, ungase uxhugane uma uhamba.
• Ubunzima bokukhuphuka izitebhisi, ukuma nokuhamba.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela .

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-Avascular Necrosis?

Uma uya kudokotela, bazoqala bakubuze ngezimpawu zakho bese bekuhlola. Bese benza olunye noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• Ama-X-ray: Angabheka izinto ezifana nokuqhekeka kwamathambo kanye nesifo samathambo. Kodwa-ke, i-Avascular Necrosis ingase ingatholakali kuma-X-ray ezigabeni zokuqala.
• I-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - I-MRI): Lolu vivinyo oluhle kakhulu nolubucayi kakhulu lokuxilonga i-Avascular Necrosis. I-MRI ingabona ngokucacile ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kakhulu emathanjeni, ngisho nezindawo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuye kwehla khona.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Avascular Necrosis?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekulimaleni kwamathambo akho.

Uma umonakalo emathanjeni uncane, emathanjeni amancane, angathwali isisindo:

Kulezi zimo, ukuhlinzwa kungase kungadingeki. Udokotela wakho angase ancome izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Amaphakethe abandayo nashisayo (Amaphakethe abandayo, Ukwelashwa ngokushisa): Nciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• Ukuphumula: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumula ilunga elithintekile.
• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID): Ama-painkiller, njenge-ibuprofen, alawula ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• Ukwelashwa Komzimba:Ukuzivocavoca kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bamalunga nokwandisa ububanzi bokunyakaza.
• Izinto zokuhamba: Sebenzisa izinto zokuhamba njengenduku nezinduku zokusibekela ukuze unciphise isisindo esithweni esithintekile.

(I-Avascular Necrosis) Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa:

Ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma kuselungeni elithwala isisindo njenge-hip (i-avascular necrosis), kudingeka ukuhlinzwa . Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa ezingenziwa:

• Ukususwa Kwe-Core: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza izimbobo eziningana ezincane (ama-cores) ethanjeni elithintekile. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwethambo futhi kusiza imithambo yegazi emisha ukukhula. Ngezinye izikhathi , kusetshenziswa izingcezu zamathambo noma eminye imijovo ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo. Lokhu kuphumelela kuphela uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi.
• Ukufakwa Kwamalunga: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ilunga elonakele bese kufakwa ilunga lokwenziwa. Ukufakwa Kwamalunga Enqulwini Nokufakwa Kwamadolo kuyizindlela ezimbili zokuhlinzwa eziphumelela kakhulu (cishe ezingama-95%) eziqeda ubuhlungu futhi zisize abantu abane-Avascular Necrosis ukuthi baphinde bakwazi ukunyakaza kahle.

Ingabe i-Avascular Necrosis ingavinjelwa?

Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akunakuvinjelwa, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa ingozi. Kodwa kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi:

• Ukuyeka ukubhema: Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyenze nakanjani.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Kungcono ukunciphisa utshwala ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol: Ukwanda kwe-cholesterol egazini akukuhle emithanjeni yegazi.
• Uma uthatha ama-corticosteroids ngenxa yesifo esingamahlalakhona, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokunciphisa umthamo. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho kuqala.

Ingabe i-Avascular Necrosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi le-Avascular Necrosis. Ukwelashwa kungalawula kuphela ukuqhubeka kwesifo futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu. Abantu abaningi ekugcineni badinga ukuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa amalunga. Abantu abane-Avascular Necrosis nabo bangaba ne -osteoarthritis enzima ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

I-Avascular necrosis yisifo esiba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma utholakale unalesi simo, kufanele unake kakhulu izimpawu zakho, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu nobunzima bokuhamba. Bheka udokotela ngokushesha uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obungapheli ngisho nangemva kokuphumula noma ukuthatha imithi yobuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu bukhulu kangangokuthi kunzima ukuhamba noma ukunyakaza.
• Uma uqhuga ngaphandle kwesizathu .

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza le mibuzo uma uya kudokotela:

• Kungani ngithole i-Avascular Necrosis?
• Iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kimi?
• Yiziphi izinkinga zalezi zindlela zokwelapha?
• Hlobo luni lokunakekelwa okulandelayo engikudingayo ngemva kokwelashwa?

I-Avascular Necrosis yisimo esibuhlungu kakhulu futhi esisongela impilo. Uma unesifo esikhulisa ingozi yakho yokuthola lesi simo, noma uma uthatha imithi ekhulisa ingozi yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Angakuchazela izimpawu ze-Avascular Necrosis. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sifingqe ezinye zezinto okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-Avascular Necrosis yilapho igazi eliya emathanjeni liyeka ukunikezwa, okubangela ukuba amathambo afe.
• Lokhu kuvame ukuthinta isinqe , kodwa kungathinta nezindawo ezifana namadolo namahlombe.
• Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokuphuka kwamathambo, izifo ezithile (isib. isifo sikashukela, i-lupus), imithi ethile (isib. ama-corticosteroids), ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile, nokubhema .
• Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obuvamile, ukuqina kwamalunga, noma ukuxhuga, bona udokotela.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola lokhu.
• Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuphumula, imithi, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba , futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa (Ukunciphisa Ukucindezeleka Okuyinhloko, Ukufakwa Kwamalunga) kungadingeka.
• Nakuba singelapheki ngokuphelele, lesi sifo singalawulwa uma sibonakala kusenesikhathi futhi kuqalwe ukwelashwa.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!