Wake wezwa nge- acetylcholine , noma (ACh)? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngayo, noma uke wafunda ngayo ndawana thize. Iyikhemikhali encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ifana nendoda encane ephethe imiyalezo emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma nge-acetylcholine ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela i-Acetylcholine?
Kalula nje, i-acetylcholine iyi - neurotransmitter . Cabanga ngakho, ubuchopho bakho budinga ukuthumela imiyalezo emincane kagesi ukuze buhambise isandla sakho, bucabange, bukhumbule okuthile, zonke lezi zinto. I-Acetylcholine iyisithunywa samakhemikhali esisiza ukuthwala leyo miyalezo ngamaseli ezinzwa .
Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-neurotransmitter " evuselelayo " . Uyazi ukuthi kuyini lokho? "Kuvusa" iseli lemizwa, okungukuthi, kuyayivuselela, futhi kuyenze "ithumele" imiyalezo ngokushesha. Kufana nokungqongqoza emnyango womuntu olele bese uthi, "Nansi, thatha le ncwadi."
Igama elithi acetylcholine livela ezintweni ezimbili ezenza lokhu. Elinye iqembu le-acetyl . Lokhu kuvela ekwakhiweni okubizwa ngokuthi i-acetyl coenzyme A, okwenziwe nge-glucose kashukela. Elinye liyisakhamzimba esibizwa ngokuthi i-choline . I-Choline itholakala ngokwemvelo kumaqanda, isoya, isibindi, imifino kanye nemifino. I-Choline nayo yenziwa esibindini sethu.
I-Acetylcholine ihilelekile emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi ukunyakaza kwemisipha ngokuzithandela.Lokhu kudlala indima ebalulekile ezenzweni zethu eziqondayo, njengokunyakaza kwamalungu ethu nokuhamba. Kuvuselela amangqamuzana ezinzwa emisipheni yethu, okubangela ukuba afinyele. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi kubaluleke kakhulu kumaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu, kanye nasezinqubweni ezifana nenkumbulo, ukucabanga, nokufunda.
Isebenza kanjani i-acetylcholine (ACh)?
I-Acetylcholine igcinwa emaphethelweni amaseli ezinzwa, kuze kube yilapho kudingeka kuthunyelwe umlayezo. Lapho kufika “isignali” yokuthumela umlayezo, le acetylcholine egciniwe iyakhululwa. Uma isikhishwe, ingena esikhaleni esincane phakathi kwamaseli amabili ezinzwa. Lesi sikhala sibizwa ngokuthi i-synaptic cleft .
Ngemva kokuwela i-synaptic cleft, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-receptor i-acetylcholine engazibopha kuzo. Lezi yizi:
- Ama-receptor e-Nicotinic
- Ama-receptor e-Muscarinic
Ngemva kokubopha kula ma-receptor, umlayezo wamakhemikhali uhamba uye engqamuzaneni elandelayo yemizwa. Ngemva kokuthunyelwa komlayezo, i-acetylcholine ehlala ku-synaptic cleft ayimane nje ichitheke. Enye i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-acetylcholinesterase iyafika futhi iphule le acetylcholine ibe izingxenye zayo, i-choline ne-acetate. Bese lezi zingxenye eziphukile ziphinde zimuncwe, ziphinde zisetshenziswe, futhi zisetshenziswe ukuthwala omunye umyalezo wamakhemikhali. Uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu!
Kwenzekani ku-acetylcholine (ACh)?
I-Acetylcholine inezinzuzo eziningi emizimbeni yethu. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwesamukeli | Imisebenzi eyinhloko |
|---|---|
| Ama-receptor e-Muscarinic |
|
| Ama-receptor e-Nicotinic (i-Nicotinic) |
|
Zombili izinhlobo zama-receptor zihilelekile enkumbulweni yethu. Okusho ukuthi, zibalulekile enkumbulweni yesikhathi eside, enkumbulweni yesikhathi esifushane, ekwakhekeni kwezinkumbulo, ekuhlanganisweni kwazo, nasekubuyiselweni kwazo. Ngaphakathi kobuchopho, i-acetylcholine ihilelekile kwezinye izinto. Ikhuthaza ugqozi, intshisekelo/ukunaka, ukufunda, kanye nokulala kwe-REM (isigaba sokulala esiphupha kuso).
Yiziphi izimo ezenzekayo lapho amazinga e-acetylcholine (ACh) ehla?
Amazinga aphansi e-acetylcholine, noma ukuntuleka, angabangela izifo eziningana. Okubaluleke kakhulu kulezi yilezi:
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer : Abantu abanesifo sika-Alzheimer abanayo i-acetylcholine eyanele ebuchosheni babo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu.
- I-Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome : Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukwehla kokukhishwa kwe-acetylcholine emangqamuzaneni ezinzwa.
- I-Myasthenia gravis : Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba esibangela ukuba imisipha yamathambo ibe buthaka ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe.
Okubalulekile:Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ungazihlolisisi.
Yimiphi imithi ehlasela i-acetylcholine (ACh)?
Ama-inhibitor e-Cholinesterase ayiqembu lemithi esebenza ngokuvimbela i-enzyme ephula i-acetylcholine futhi yandise umsebenzi wama-receptor e-acetylcholine. Asetshenziswa ukwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer kanye ne-myasthenia gravis. I-Donepezil (Aricept®), i-Rivastigmine (Exelon®), kanye ne-Galantamine (Razadyne®) ngezinye zalezi zidakamizwa.
Yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe i-choline, okusiza ekukhiqizeni i-acetylcholine (ACh)?
I-Choline, isakhi esiguquka sibe yi-acetylcholine, itholakala ekudleni okuningi. Isibonelo:
- Isibindi senyama yenkomo
- Amaqanda (ikakhulukazi izikhupha)
- Umjikelezo ophezulu wenyama yenkomo
- Ubhontshisi othosiwe, ubhontshisi wezinso osemathinini
- Isifuba senkukhu esithosiwe
- Inhlanzi ye-cod `(i-cod)`
- I-quinoa ephekiwe
- Amakhowe e-shiitake aphekiwe, i-broccoli ebilisiwe kanye namahlumela aseBrussels
- Ubisi (1%) `(Ubisi (1%)`, i-yogurt ye-vanilla engenamafutha `(i-yogurt ye-vanilla engenamafutha)`
Zama ukufaka lokhu kudla ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla okunempilo kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni enempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
Ngakho-ke, manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi i-acetylcholine (ACh) iyi-neurotransmitter ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kobuchopho bethu, inkumbulo, kanye nemisebenzi yomzimba njengokufinyela kwemisipha. Uma amazinga ayo ehla, izinkinga zenkumbulo kanye nezifo ezihlobene nemisipha zingavela. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unezinkinga zempilo, khuluma nodokotela ngakho. Ungayeki ukwelashwa ngokuqagela. Hlala uphilile!
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