Udokotela wezifo zekhanda nentamo: Ngubani udokotela wezifo zamehlo?

Wake waba nenkinga ngendlebe yakho, ikhala, noma umphimbo wazibuza ukuthi uzobona bani? Mhlawumbe udokotela womndeni wakho ukuthumele kuchwepheshe. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngochwepheshe ongasisiza ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi. Lowo ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo . Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lide kancane, laba bantu belapha izifo eziningi ezihlobene nekhanda nentamo yethu.

Ubani lo 'otolaryngologist'? Kalula nje...

Udokotela we-otolaryngologist udokotela ogxile ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni izimo ezihlobene nekhanda nentamo yakho. Bangenza ukwelashwa okungekona ukuhlinzwa, kanye nokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa uma kudingeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi laba odokotela bangasiza ngezimo ezingelashwa ngemithi, kanye nezimo ezidinga ukuhlinzwa.

Leli gama lizwakala lingavamile, akunjalo? Libizwa ngokuthi 'Oto-laryn-go-lo-gist'. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kunzima ukukhumbula, abantu abaningi babiza laba odokotela ngelinye igama elifushane.

Ingabe lokhu kufana nodokotela 'we-ENT'?

Yebo, uqinisile! Cishe uke wezwa ngodokotela 'we-ENT' izikhathi eziningi. Igama elithi 'ENT' liyisifinyezo se- 'Ear, Nose, and Throat' . Lisho udokotela ogxile ezindlebeni, ekhaleni, nasemphinjeni . Ngakho-ke, ' Otolaryngologist ' ubizwa nangokuthi udokotela 'we-ENT'.

Manje ungase uzibuze, kungani usebenzise igama elide elithi 'otolaryngologist' kulokhu, kanti kulula ukumane uthi 'ENT'? Empeleni, elithi 'ENT' yigama elivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, ngoba kulula ukulikhumbula. Kodwa-ke, igama elifanele ngokwezokwelapha elithi 'otolaryngologist'.

'Odokotela bamehlo' abaningi bakhetha ukubizwa ngalelo gama, ngoba abagcini nje ngokwelapha indlebe, impumulo nomphimbo, kodwa futhi nezifo eziningi zekhanda nentamo. Ngakho-ke, bathi igama elithi 'ENT' alichazi ngokugcwele izinsizakalo zabo.

Uba kanjani i-Otolaryngologist?

Ukuba uchwepheshe onjengalona akulula. Kudinga ukuzinikela okukhulu kanye nemfundo.

Okokuqala, udinga ukuphumelela izivivinyo ze-Ordinary Level kanye ne-Advanced Level bese uthola iziqu zobudokotela (MBBS) eyunivesithi. Bese, ukuze ube 'yi-otolaryngologist', okungukuthi, ukuthola ulwazi olukhethekile oluhlobene nekhanda nentamo, udinga ukuphinda iminyaka emihlanu yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kokuhlala .

Cabanga ukuthi lokho kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufunda! Abanye odokotela badlulela phambili futhi bafunde ngezinye izinto ezikhethekile emkhakheni ofanayo. Isibonelo, kunezinto ezifana ne -otolaryngology yezingane ( ezigxile ezifweni zezindlebe, impumulo, kanye nomphimbo ezinganeni ezincane) kanye nokuhlinzwa okwakha kabusha ( ukuhlinzwa okulungisa izingxenye zobuso noma zentamo ezonakele, njengasengozini).

Yiziphi izifo eziyinhloko ezelashwa yi-'otolaryngologist'?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, laba odokotela nabahlengikazi belapha izifo eziningi ezithinta ikhanda nentamo. Lezi zingaba zincane njengokukhwehlela noma ikhala eligobhozayo, noma zibe zimbi njengomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo.

Ngenxa yalokhu, baqeqeshwe kokubili ekwelashweni okungahlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa. Ake sibheke izigaba eziyinhloko zezifo abazelaphayo.

Izimo zendlebe

Uma unezinkinga ngezindlebe zakho, lo ngudokotela okufanele umbheke.

• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe: Ukutheleleka okwenzeka endlebeni yangaphandle, endlebeni ephakathi, noma endlebeni yangaphakathi.
• I-Tinnitus : Ukuzwa kokukhala noma umsindo ezindlebeni. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungaba yinkinga ngisho noma belele ebusuku.
• Isiyezi: Umuzwa wokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa. Lokhu kungabangelwa yizinkinga endlebeni engaphakathi.
• I-Vertigo: Lokhu kuhlukile kancane kune-vertigo. Uma u-vertigo, uzizwa sengathi izinto ezikuzungezile ziyajikeleza, noma uzizwa sengathi uyajikeleza.
• I-eardrum ephukile: Imbobo e-eardrum, noma ulwelwesi lwe-tympanic .
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Eustachian tube: Ukuvaleka kwe-tube exhumanisa indlebe ephakathi nomphimbo ongaphezulu. Lokhu kungabangela umuzwa wokuminyana endlebeni.
• I-Otosclerosis: Ukukhula okungavamile kwamathambo endlebeni ephakathi.
• Isifo sikaMénière: Isifo esingavamile sendlebe yangaphakathi esingathinta ukuzwa kanye nokulinganisela.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa: Lokhu kungasukela ekubeni yisithulu okuncane kuya ekubeni yisithulu ngokuphelele.

Izimo zekhala

Laba odokotela baphinde belapha izinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezivela ekhaleni.

• I-Sinusitis: Ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka kwezikhwama zomoya (ama-sinuses) azungeze ikhala. Lokhu kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala.
• Ukungezwani komzimba:Ukungezwani komzimba okubangelwa izinto ezifana nempova, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nothuli.
• I-Rhinitis: Ukuvuvukala kwe-mucous membrane ngaphakathi kwekhala.
• Ukopha Impumulo: Ukopha Impumulo kungavela ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukutheleleka, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nokulimala.
• Ukuconsa kwangemuva kwempumulo: Uketshezi oluningi lugeleza ngemuva komphimbo. Lokhu kungabangela umuzwa oqhubekayo wokuhlanza umphimbo wakho.
• I-septum ephambukile: Ukuphambuka kwe-cartilage phakathi kwamakhala (septum) kuya kolunye uhlangothi.
• Ama-polyp ekhala: Ukukhula okungenawo umdlavuza okuvame ukuvela kubantu abane-allergies njalo, i-asthma, noma izifo ze-sinus.
• Izimila zasekhaleni nase-paranasal: Izimila ezikhula ngaphakathi ekhaleni zingaba umdlavuza noma zingabi umdlavuza.

Izimo zomphimbo

Laba ochwepheshe baphinde belapha izinto ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.

• Umphimbo obuhlungu: Kungabangelwa izifo, ukungezwani komzimba, noma ukuchayeka ezintweni ezithile ezicasulayo.
• I-tonsillitis: Ukutheleleka kwama-tonsils.
• I-Laryngitis: Ukuvuvukala kwebhokisi lezwi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izwi libe nomsindo obukhali.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia): Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla noma isiphuzo. Lokhu kungabangelwa inkinga emlonyeni, emphinjeni, noma emqaleni.
• Izimo ze-vocal cord: Izimo ezifana namaqhubu ezwi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-vocal cord, noma ukukhubazeka kwe-vocal cord.

Izinkinga zokulala

Ungase umangale, kodwa laba odokotela baphinde baphathe ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nokulala.

• Ukuhona: Ukuhona kungenzeka lapho izicubu ezithambile zomgudu womoya ongaphezulu zikhululeka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokulala. Lo msindo uvela lapho umoya udlula kulesi zicubu ezinciphile.
• I-obstructive sleep apnea: Lesi yisimo lapho indlela yomoya incipha noma ivaleke ngokuphelele ngenxa yokukhululeka kwezicubu zomoya. Lokhu kubangela ukuyeka ukuphefumula okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokulala (iziqephu ze-apneic).

Izimila zekhanda lakho nentamo

Laba odokotela bangasusa ngokuhlinzwa izimila (ezinomdlavuza kanye nezingezona umdlavuza) ezikhula ekhanda nasentanyeni. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Ama-Hemangioma: Lawa amahlumela angewona umdlavuza aqukethe imithambo yegazi eminingi. Avame kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
• Izimila ze-salivary gland: Lezi zingaba umdlavuza noma zingabi umdlavuza.
• Umdlavuza womlomo:Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo. Lungathinta izindebe, ngaphakathi kwezihlathi, ulimi, kanye nezindawo eziphezulu nezingezansi zomlomo.
• Umdlavuza we-Oropharyngeal: Umdlavuza othinta ingxenye ephakathi yomphimbo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu yi-squamous cell carcinoma.
• Umdlavuza we-Laryngeal: Umdlavuza othinta izintambo zezwi (i-larynx).
• Umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal: Umdlavuza othinta ingxenye engenhla yomphimbo (i-nasopharynx), oxhumanisa ikhala nalo lonke uhlelo lokuphefumula.
• Umdlavuza we-thyroid: Umdlavuza othinta i-thyroid gland ekhiqiza ama-hormone, ebumbeke njengebhabhathane entanyeni.

Kufanele sibonane nini nodokotela we-otolaryngologist?

Ngokuvamile, udokotela womndeni wakho (uDokotela Wokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko - PCP) uzokudlulisela kulolu hlobo lochwepheshe. Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela wamehlo:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu ongapheli.
• Ukuphuma koketshezi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (okungenani amasonto amabili noma ngaphansi)
• Ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside.
• Ukuminyana kwama-sinus njalo noma ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Isiyezi.
• I-Vertigo ( umuzwa wokuzungeza nxazonke zakho)
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia).
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa.
• Izwi elihoshozelayo eliqhubekayo noma uchungechunge lwemisindo.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuvamile.
• I-tonsillitis evame ukwenzeka (i-tonsillitis engapheli).
• Iqhubu elisha ebusweni noma entanyeni.
• Ukukhonkotha okukhulu.
• Ukuphefumula komoya.

Okubalulekile: Ukuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi unesifo esibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile.

Uyini 'udokotela we-Otolaryngologist oqinisekiswe yiBhodi'?

Lokhu kubalulekile futhi ukwazi. Ukuqinisekiswa 'kwebhodi' kusho ukuthi udokotela, ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa kwakhe kobungcweti, uye wathatha futhi wadlula ngokuzithandela izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuqinisekisa amakhono akhe kanye nokuzinikela kwakhe emsebenzini . Lokhu kufaka phakathi izivivinyo ezibhaliwe, zomlomo, ngisho nezisebenzayo.

Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nesinye isitifiketi sekhwalithi ephezulu solwazi lwabo namakhono. ISri Lanka inamabhodi aqaphela odokotela abangochwepheshe abanjalo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, 'udokotela we-Otolaryngologist', noma njengoba sonke sazi, udokotela we-'ENT', unguchwepheshe obaluleke kakhulu owelapha izifo ezihlobene nekhanda nentamo yethu.Uma unenkinga eqhubekayo yendlebe, ikhala, noma umphimbo, noma uma unezinye zezimpawu esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela womndeni wakho, futhi uma kudingeka, bonana nodokotela wezifo zamehlo.

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungaholela ekululameni okusheshayo kanye nokuvimbela izimo ezibucayi. Ngakho-ke, nakekela impilo yakho.

Udokotela wezifo zamehlo, izifo ze-ENT, indlebe, impumulo, umphimbo, ikhanda nentamo, izinkinga zokuzwa