Iningi lethu linomkhuba wokuthatha iphakethe lamaphilisi obuhlungu ekhemisi eliseduze uma siphethwe yikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, noma umkhuhlane omncane bese siliphuza engilazini yamanzi. Lawa athandwa kakhulu ngoba anikeza impumuzo esheshayo. Kodwa bangaki kithi abazi kahle ukuthi yini ekuleli phakethe lemithi, ukuthi lithinta kanjani imizimba yethu, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele sizithathe ngenkathi siwasebenzisa? Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngala maphilisi obuhlungu abantu abaningi abawasebenzisayo kodwa abangawazi kahle.
Uyini lomuthi? Ake siwuqonde kalula.
Empeleni lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yokwelapha izinhlungu.
1. I-Acetaminophen: Yilokhu sonke esikwaziyo ngokuthi i-Paracetamol. Ngokuyinhloko kusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane.
2. I-aspirin: Lokhu kunciphisa nobuhlungu nomkhuhlane. Kuphinde kusize ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu bamalunga (i-arthritis).
Kalula nje, impuphu eyenziwe ngokuhlanganisa le mithi emibili inikeza impumuzo esheshayo ebuhlungwini obuncane kuya kobuphakathi, umkhuhlane, kanye nokuvuvukala.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu . Ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo. Ngoba lo muthi awufanele wonke umuntu.
| Isimo sempilo noma umkhuba | Kungani kufanele utshele udokotela ? (Kalula nje) |
|---|---|
| I-asthma noma ezinye izifo zokuphefumula | I-aspirini ingenza izimpawu ze-asthma zibe zimbi nakakhulu kwabanye abantu. |
| Izinkinga zokopha | I-aspirin inciphisa ukujiya kwegazi, okwandisa ingozi yokopha. |
| Ukuphuza njalo | Ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi nesisu iphezulu kakhulu uma lo muthi uthathwa notshwala. |
| Isifo sezinso | Lo muthi ungathinta abantu abangasebenzi kahle kwezinso. |
| Isifo sesibindi | I-Acetaminophen (i-paracetamol) isetshenziswa kakhulu esibindini. Uma isibindi sibuthakathaka, singalimala. |
| Ukopha kwesisu noma izilonda | I-aspirini yandisa ingozi yezilonda zesisu nokopha. |
| Ukukhulelwa noma ukuzama ukukhulelwa | Kungaba nemiphumela emibi enganeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezinyanga zesibili nezesithathu zokukhulelwa. |
| Ukuncelisa ibele | Imithi ingadlulela obisini lwebele, ngakho-ke kufanele ubuze udokotela wakho njalo. |
| Ukungezwani neminye imithi, ukudla noma izinto ezithile | Uma une-allergies ku-acetaminophen, i-aspirin, noma eminye imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho. |
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?
Indlela esetshenziswa ngayo nayo ihlukile kancane. Ngokuvamile iza ngesimo sempushana. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukuvula iphakethe lempushana bese uyibeka ngqo olimini lwakho bese uyivumela incibilike . Bese uphuza amanzi. Landela imiyalelo eselebula lomuthi ngqo. Ungayithatha ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma uzizwa uphatheke kabi, kungcono ukuyithatha nokudla. Ungalokothi usebenzise okungaphezu komthamo onqunyiwe.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Lo muthi awuhloselwe ukuthathwa njalo nsuku zonke. Kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela uma kudingeka, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ubuhlungu noma umkhuhlane.
Ulwazi olukhethekile mayelana nezingane kanye nabantu abadala
- Izingane: Nakuba lo muthi unganikezwa izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-12 ezimweni ezithile ezikhethekile, kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela ngawo.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65: Imizimba yabantu asebekhulile ingase isabele kakhulu kulo muthi, ngakho-ke bangadinga umthamo ophansi kunojwayelekile.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu? (Ukudlula umthamo)
Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, ungalibali . Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha. Noma shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko. Uma usola ukuthi usuthathe omningi kakhulu, noma ngabe awuboni zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Ezinye izinto okungafanele zithathwe nalo muthi futhi ezingadala ukusebenzisana
Lo muthi wokuqeda izinhlungu ungase uhlangane neminye imithi oyithathayo, ngakho tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini nemikhiqizo yamakhambi).
| Ungawuthathi lo muthi kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umuthi. | |
|---|---|
| Imithi efana ne-Abrocitinib, i-Cidofovir, i-Defibrotide, i-Ketorolac, ne-Probenecid. (Njengoba le kuyimithi enikezwa izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho kufanele azi ngayo uma uyithatha). | |
| Sebenzisa ngokucophelela (kungenzeka ukusebenzisana) | |
| Utshwala | Kukhulisa kakhulu ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi nesisu. |
| Izinto zokunciphisa igazi (isib. i-Warfarin, i-Apixaban) | I-aspirin iphinde inciphise igazi, okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokopha. |
| Eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela | Kungathinta amazinga kashukela egazini. |
| Amanye ama-NSAID (isib. i-Ibuprofen, i-Naproxen) | Ngenxa yokuthi i-aspirin nayo iyi-NSAID, yandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi njengezilonda zesisu. |
| Ama-steroid (isib. i-Prednisone) | Kwandisa ingozi yokopha esiswini. |
Izixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha lo muthi
1. Ingozi esibindini (ngenxa ye-paracetamol)
Lo muthi uqukethe i-acetaminophen (i-paracetamol). Uma uthatha ngengozi eminye imithi equkethe i-paracetamol (isb. eminye imithi yomkhuhlane) ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi . Ngakho-ke, funda njalo ilebula yemithi oyithathayo. Uma ungabaza, buza udokotela wakho.
2. Ukopha esiswini kanye nezilonda (ngenxa ye-aspirin)
I-aspirin ingalimaza ulwelwesi oluvikelayo lwesisu, okubangela ukuvuvukala kwesisu, izilonda, kanye nokopha. Lokhu kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso . Le ngozi iyanda ngokubhema, ukuphuza utshwala kanye nokuguga.
Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza igazi noma into efana nekhofi, noma ukuphuma kwendle emnyama noma enegazi , funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
3. Ukungezwani okukhulu kwesikhumba
Akuvamile ukuthi kube nokusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba, ngisho namasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuqala lo muthi. Uma uzwa umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, amabhamuza abomvu noma onsomi, ukuxebuka, noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayithola?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungaba nemiphumela emibi. Eminye iyingozi, eminye ivamile.
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele uyibike kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, nobunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Izimpawu zokopha | Indle emnyama, ukuhlanza igazi/ikhofi, umchamo onsundu/obomvu, amabala abomvu/onsomi esikhumbeni. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi | Ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, ukuphuzi kwamehlo/isikhumba, umchamo ophuzi/onsundu omnyama, ukukhathala okungavamile. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwezinso | Ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, izandla nezinyawo. |
| Izinkinga zokuzwa | Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukukhala ezindlebeni. |
| Ngokuvamile akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho (kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma kuqhubeka) | |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukucasuka kwesisu, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukuqwasha. | |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lawa maphilisi okubulala izinhlungu, tshela udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha onazo kanye nayo yonke eminye imithi oyiphuzayo.
- Lena akuyona imithi yansuku zonke. Yithathe kuphela uma kudingeka , ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe, uma unezinhlungu noma umkhuhlane.
- Gwema ukuthatha eminye imithi equkethe i-paracetamol kanye nalo muthi. Kungabangela ukulimala kwesibindi.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, indle emnyama, noma ukuhlanza igazi, kungaba uphawu lokopha esiswini. Funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, ungazisebenzisi lezi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
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