Ingabe nawe uyathimula njalo? Ingabe unekhala eligobhozayo, ikhala elicijile, namehlo abomvu, alumayo? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi baphinde babe nomkhuhlane. Kodwa uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka futhi zingapheli ngemva kwesonto noma amabili, noma uma zivela futhi ziphinde zibuye ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, kungase kungabi umkhuhlane ovamile. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomkhuhlane we-hay , isimo esivamile kodwa esingaqondwa kahle phakathi kwabantu abaningi.
Kuyini umkhuhlane we-hay?
Okokuqala, yize inegama elithi “ umkhuhlane ” egameni layo, umkhuhlane we-hay awusiwo umkhuhlane. Empeleni uwukungezwani komzimba . Ngokwezokwelapha, sikubiza ngokuthi ‘i-allergy rhinitis’.
Kalula nje, okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amasosha omzimba wethu asabela ngokweqile ezintweni ezisendaweni esikuyo ezivame ukuba yingozi emzimbeni (isibonelo, impova , uthuli).
Lokhu kungafika ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. I-Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: Lolu hlobo lwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka kuphela. Isibonelo, lesi simo singase senzeke ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezihlahla ezithile noma lapho amazinga empova yotshani ephezulu.
2. I-Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: Lolu hlobo lungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Lubangelwa kakhulu izinto ezingaphakathi endlini. Isibonelo, uthuli lwendlu, izibungu ezincane zothuli emicamelweni nasemateleni, izinhlayiya ezincane nezinwele eziwela esikhumbeni sezilwane ezifuywayo (izinja, amakati), kanye nesikhunta esikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi njengezindlu zangasese nezindlu ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Kungani sithola umkhuhlane we-hay? Ziyini izimpawu?
Uma une-hay fever, nakhu okwenzekayo: Lapho into engenangozi njengempova noma uthuli oluphefumulayo lungena emzimbeni wakho, isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sicabanga ukuthi, "O, isitha esiyingozi singene."
Bese, ukuze ulwe naleso “sitha,” umzimba ukhipha inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali afana ne-‘( Histamine )` kanye ne-‘(Leukotrienes)` egazini. La makhemikhali abangela ukuthi ulwelwesi lwekhala, amehlo, nomphimbo luvuvuke,Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ziyavela.
Kalula nje, lezi zimpawu ziwumzamo womzimba wokuxosha leso "sitha" noma ukusivimba ukuthi singangeni.
Lezi yizimpawu ezivame ukubonakala:
- Ukuthimula okuqhubekayo.
- Impumulo ecijile noma ukuphuma kwamanzi ekhaleni.
- Ukukhwehlela.
- Ukuluma, ukubomvu, kanye nokudabuka kwamehlo.
- Umuzwa wokuluma emlonyeni, emphinjeni, noma ezindlebeni.
- Ukuconsa kwangemuva kwempumulo umuzwa womhluzi owehla ngemuva komphimbo.
- Izindilinga ezimnyama ngaphansi kwamehlo (ezibizwa nangokuthi 'izibani ezikhanyayo').
Ngenxa yokuminyana kwamakhala, imithambo esezimbotsheni ezizungeze ikhala ingavuvukala, okubangela ukushintsha kombala ngaphansi kwamehlo. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuvuvukala ekhaleni kungavimba izimbotshana futhi kubangele i-sinusitis. Futhi, ama-polyp ekhala angakheka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni kungenzeka.
Umkhuhlane we-hay uvame ufuzo . Uma abazali bakho noma abafowenu nodadewenu benokunye ukungezwani komzimba, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nalesi simo. Abantu abane-asthma noma i-eczema nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane we-hay.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?
Abantu abaningi bazama ukuphila nalezi zimpawu. Kodwa akudingeki kube njalo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, lezi zimpawu zingalawulwa kahle . Ngakho-ke, uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
- Uma lezi zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ziphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke kanye nomsebenzi wakho .
- Uma ungatholi impumuzo emithini ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, noma uma leyo mithi ibangela imiphumela emibi njengobuthongo.
- Uma unezinye izinkinga zempilo, njenge-asthma, izifo ezivame ukwenzeka emathunjini, noma ama-polyp ekhaleni.
- Uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka futhi zingathuthuki.
Ukubona udokotela nokuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula ukungezwani komzimba kwakho.
Izindlela zokwelapha kanye nemithi
Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Ukugwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ungathola impumuzo enkulu ngokubona ukuthi yini ekwenza uzwele futhi uziqhelelanise nalezo zinto ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izinhlobo zemithi
Ithebula elingezansi libala ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziswa ukulawula umkhuhlane we-hay.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Ukusebenza namanothi |
|---|---|
| Izifutho zekhala ze-corticosteroid | Isebenza kahle kakhulu ezimpawini ezifana nokuminyana kwamakhala, ukulunywa, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. Ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside. (Isibonelo: i-Fluticasone, i-Mometasone) |
| Ama-antihistamine | Ziza ngesimo samaphilisi, izifutho zamakhala, kanye namaconsi amehlo. Zinciphisa ngokushesha izimpawu ezifana nokuthimula, amehlo alumayo, kanye namehlo anamanzi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezintsha ezingabangeli ukozela (isib. i-Cetirizine, i-Loratadine). |
| Imithi yokuqeda ukuminyana | Zinciphisa ukuvuvukala ekhaleni futhi ziqeda ngokushesha ukuminyana kwamakhala. Kodwa-ke, akukhuthazwa ukuzisebenzisa njalo izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-5 . Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuminyana kwamakhala ukuba kubi futhi. |
| Isiguquli se-Leukotriene | Ivimba ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-leukotriene ekhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus emzimbeni. Lokhu (isib. i-Montelukast) kuwusizo kakhulu kubantu abane-allergies kanye ne-asthma. |
Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ehlukile kancane. Kuhilela ukujova inani elincane kakhulu le-allergen onayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uyijwayele. Lokhu akusebenzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba, kodwa kusebenza kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nempova kanye nezibungu zothuli. Lokhu kwelashwa kudinga ukuvakashelwa udokotela masonto onke futhi kungathatha iminyaka eminingana. Lokhu kwelashwa kuyatholakala futhi njengephilisi elibekwa ngaphansi kolimi (Sublingual Immunotherapy).
Izinto ongazenza ukuze uzivikele ekungezwani komzimba
Ngaphezu kokuthola ukwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukugwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.
Uma une-allergies ezintweni zangaphandle njenge-pollen:
- Hlala endlini ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwempova ephezulu nangezinsuku ezinomoya.
- Gcina amafasitela evaliwe. Sebenzisa i-'Air Conditioner (AC)' uma kungenzeka.
- Gqoka izibuko noma izibuko zelanga uma uphuma.
- Gqoka imaski uma usebenza ngaphandle.
Uma une-allergy ezintweni ezifana nothuli lwendlu kanye nesikhunta:
- Sebenzisa izembozo ezingangeni uthuli emicamelweni nasemamatileni.
- Hlanza njalo amashidi okulala kanye nama-pillowcases ngamanzi ashisayo .
- Gcina umswakama endlini yakho uphansi.
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokuphatha izilwane ezifuywayo. Ungavumeli izilwane ezifuywayo zingene ekamelweni lakho lokulala .
- Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa ithayela, ukhuni, noma iphansi le-linoleum esikhundleni sekhaphethi.
- Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-vacuum cleaner ene-`HEPA filter`.
Enye into ukugeza impumulo yakho ngamanzi anosawoti . Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukuminyana kwamakhala futhi kususe izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba kanye ne-mucus ekhaleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa isisombululo sosawoti ongasithenga ekhemisi noma emanzini anosawoti enziwe ekhaya ngamanzi abilayo. Kodwa cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho ngalokhu futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane we-hay awuyona i-flu, kodwa uyinkinga yokungezwani komzimba. Ngakho-ke uma unezimpawu ezivamile ezifana nomkhuhlane, qaphela.
- Ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela ukungezwani komzimba kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni. Ingabe uthuli lwendlu? Impova? Isilwane esifuywayo? Cabanga ngokucophelela ngalokhu.
- Asikho isidingo sokuhlupheka ngalezi zimpawu. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu neziphephile ezitholakalayo namuhla.
- Esikhundleni sokuzama ukuzelapha, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho bese uthola uhlelo lokwelashwa olukufanele.
Umkhuhlane Wezinsini, I-Allergic Rhinitis, Ukungezwani Nomzimba, Ukuthimula, Ukuminyana Kwekhala, Amehlo Alumayo, IsiSinhala, iSri Lanka
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