Ingabe nawe uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa njengoba ukhula? (Presbycusis) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ucele othile ukuthi "aphinde akhulume" uma ungakuzwa kahle lokho akushoyo? Noma kufanele ukhuphule ivolumu ye-TV kancane? Mhlawumbe awukwazi ukuzwa imisindo ecashile njengezinyoni ezikhalayo noma umsindo wewashi le-alamu njengoba wawuvame ukwenza. Lezi yizimpawu ezivamile zokuthi ukuzwa kwethu kuqala ukwehla kancane kancane ngokuguga. Ngokwezokwelapha sibiza lesi simo ngokuthi ' i-presbycusis '. Kalula nje, lokhu ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okwenzeka ngokuguga . Kuthinta abantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke. Eqinisweni, kuthiwa cishe abantu ababili kwabathathu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 banalesi simo. Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okuphelele kwalokhu, kodwa ngezinto ezifana nezinsiza zokuzwa, singalawula lesi simo ngezinga elikhulu futhi sithole usizo lokuzwa kangcono.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-presbycusis?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, into eyinhloko ukuthi awuzwa kahle njengoba wawuvame ukuzwa. Lezi zimpawu azibonakali ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa ziyanda kancane kancane. Uma ubhekene nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kungaba uphawu lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuhlobene nokuguga:

• Ukungakwazi ukuzwa imisindo ephansi kakhulu, ezwakala kakhulu, njengokucula kwezinyoni noma umsindo wewashi le-alamu. Cabanga nje, uma ubuvame ukuvuka ekuseni uzwa umsindo wezinyoni zikhala, manje awusawuzwa nhlobo.
• Uma ukhuluma ngocingo, ubuka i-TV, noma ulalele okuthile kukhompyutha , uvame ukukhuphula ivolumu. Abanye abantu endlini bangase bacabange ukuthi ivolumu iphezulu kakhulu.
• Umuzwa wokuzwa imisindo ehlukene njalo ezindlebeni. Z… Umsindo wokukhala noma wokubhonga. Siphinde siwubize ngokuthi i-tinnitus .
• Kungaba nzima ukuqonda kahle ukuthi umuntu uthini endaweni egcwele abantu, njengasephathini noma endaweni yokudlela, lapho umsindo uphezulu khona. Amagama angase abonakale exubile futhi ezwakala ephukile.

Kungani ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwenzeka kanje? Yiziphi izimbangela ze-presbycusis?

I-Presbycusis empeleni iwukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa ukulimala kwamangqamuzana endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwe-sensorineural . Kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko eziyingozi ezingathinta lesi simo:

• Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho, isibonelo umama wakho, ubaba, ugogo, noma umkhulu wakho, eke waba nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa njengoba ekhula, nawe ungase ube sengozini. Lokhu kungaba ufuzo.
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile (i-Ototoxicity): Kunemithi ethile, uma isetshenziswa njalo, engalimaza amangqamuzana endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi futhi ibangele ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-ototoxicity . Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele lapho usebenzisa imithi engeyona leyo enqunywe udokotela.
• Ukuchayeka emsindweni omkhulu:Abantu abasebenza ezindaweni ezinomsindo isikhathi eside, noma abalalela umculo njalo ngevolumu ephezulu ngama-headphone, bangaba nezinkinga zokuzwa ngokushesha. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abanokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa umsindo (ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa umsindo) bangase babe namathuba amaningi okuthola i-presbycusis, isimo esenzeka njengoba bekhula . Cabanga nje, uma ubusebenza efektri enemishini enamandla kusukela usemusha, noma uma ubuhlala useduze nezikhulumi emakhonsathini omculo, kungakuthinta.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimbangela eziyinhloko, kunezinye izifo ucwaningo oluzithole zihlotshaniswa nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa njengoba sikhula. Izifo ezinjalo zifaka:

• Isifo senhliziyo, ikakhulukazi isifo semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD) .
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) .
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) .
• Izimo ezifana nohlangothi .

Lezi zifo zingaphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi endlebeni engaphakathi, okungabangela nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?

I-Presbycusis ayikona nje ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Uma unenkinga yokuqonda okushiwo othile, ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile ngokukhuluma nabanye. Ukubuza ukuthi , "Usanda kusho ukuthini?" ngokuphindaphindiwe kungaba namahloni. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni abanye abantu bazihlukanise nomphakathi futhi bazame ukuba bodwa. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lesi simo singabangela okulandelayo:

• Ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini.
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yokuba nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka .

Cabanga nje, abangani bakho bahleka ngento ehlekisayo, kodwa awukwazi ukuyizwa kahle futhi awukwazi ukuhleka. Lokho kungakwenza uzizwe udangele, akunjalo?

Itholakala kanjani i-presbycusis?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa, qala ngokubona udokotela womndeni wakho (umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko). Uzohlola izindlebe zakho.

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela uzobheka ngaphakathi kwezindlebe zakho ukuze abone ukuthi i-eardrum yakho yonakele, ivuvukile, noma ithelelekile. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-otoscope . Inelensi yokukhulisa enokukhanya.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa: Okulandelayo, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezindlebe, udokotela wezindlebe , ozokwenza ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kokuzwa. Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-presbycusis ukuhlolwa kwethoni emsulwa.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ufaka ama-headphone bese ulalela imisindo ngamazinga ahlukene (iphimbo) kanye nevolumu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthi yimuphi umsindo othule kakhulu ongawuzwa.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-presbycusis?

Yebo, ngemva kokuhlolwa ngudokotela wezindlebe, ungatshelwa ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-presbycusis onalo. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuncike ekutheni iyiphi ingxenye yendlebe yakho yangaphakathi eyonakele. Ukuze uqonde lezi zinhlobo, kuyasiza ukwazi okuncane ngendlela indlebe yethu yangaphakathi esebenza ngayo nokuthi sizwa kanjani.

• Indlebe yethu yangaphakathi iqukethe ingxenye efana ne-snail ebizwa ngokuthi i-cochlea . Ngaphakathi kwayo kunezinkulungwane zamaseli amancane afana nezinwele abizwa ngokuthi i-stereocilia .
• Uma la maseli ezinwele ezwa ukudlidliza komsindo okuvela endlebeni yethu ephakathi, ayakuguqula kube yi-electric impulse bese eyithumela emthanjeni wethu wokuzwa .
• Lo mthambo wokuzwa uxhumanisa izindlebe zethu nobuchopho. Ubuchopho buyamukela lezi zimpawu bese buzichaza njengomsindo.

Manje ake sibheke izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-presbycusis:

1. I-sensory presbycusis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana ezinwele angaphandle ku -Organ of Corti, atholakala phansi kwe-cochlea, elahleka.

2. I-Neural presbycusis: Ukuze sizwe kahle, amangqamuzana ezinzwa ku-cochlea kanye nendlela yokuzwa eya ebuchosheni kudingeka asebenze kahle. Njengoba sikhula, lawa maseli ezinzwa angancipha kancane kancane. Leli yigama elinikezwa ukukhubazeka kokuzwa okwenzeka ngenxa yalokho.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-presbycusis ukugqoka izinsiza zokuzwa. Izinsiza zokuzwa zikhulisa imisindo esendaweni yangaphandle futhi ziyilethe ezindlebeni zethu. Kodwa-ke, izinsiza zokuzwa azikwazi ukwelapha ngokuphelele lesi simo noma ukubuyisela ukuzwa okulahlekile. Kodwa-ke, zingaba usizo olukhulu ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke nasekuxhumaneni nabanye.

Ingabe ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-presbycusis?

Cha, izinsiza zokuzwa zivame ukunconywa njengokwelashwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlonza ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo onalo, udokotela wakho angathola umbono wokuthi lesi simo sizothinta kanjani impilo yakho. Isibonelo, umuntu one-neural presbycusis angase abe nobunzima obukhulu ekuqondeni inkulumo, noma ukuhlukaniswa kwenkulumo .

Kwenzekani uma nginalesi simo?

I-Presbycusis yisimo esiqhubekayo esikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Lokhu kusho ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ukuzwa kwakho kungase kube ngaphansi kancane kunalokho okuyikho namuhla. Kodwa, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Lesi simo singaphathwa kahle ngokusebenzisa izinsiza-kuzwa. Abantu abaningi abalahlekelwa ukuzwa kwabo njengoba bekhula baphila ngempumelelo ngale ndlela.

Ingabe i-presbycusis ingavinjelwa?

Njengoba nje ukuguga kungenakuvinjelwa, kunzima nokuvimbela ngokuphelele lesi simo. Kuyingxenye yemvelo yenqubo yokuguga. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazenza ukulawula izinga lapho kwenzeka khona ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, noma ukunciphisa ubukhali besimo:

• Sebenzisa ama-earplug noma amanye amadivayisi okuvikela ezindaweni ezinomsindo ophezulu. Isibonelo, uma uya ekhonsathini yomculo noma usebenza endaweni yokwakha.
• Lalela i-TV nomsakazo ivolumu yehlisiwe. Ungakhuphuli ivolumu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ulalele umculo noma ubukela ama-movie ngama-headphone.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuzivikela emisindweni emikhulu, hlala kude nabo ngangokunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, uma uya ekhonsathini ungenazo izimbobo zokufaka izindlebe, hlala kude nezipikha.
• Uma ubhema, yeka. Ukubhema kuthinta ukujikeleza kwegazi lethu kanye nokuzwa kwethu. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa ababhemayo bangaba nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa besebancane kunabanye. Uma udinga usizo lokuyeka ukubhema, xhumana nodokotela.
• Nakekela impilo yakho iyonke. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, nesifo senhliziyo kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuzivikela kulezi zimo kungasiza futhi ekulawuleni ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.

Ngizinakekela kanjani ?

Ngisho noma izinsizakuzwa zingakusiza ukuthi uzwe kangcono, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa akukwazi ukubuyiselwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuphila nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ngisho nangezizinsizakuzwa, kungaba yinselele ngezinye izikhathi. Nazi ezinye izeluleko zokuphatha lesi simo:

• Tshela abanye ngesimo sakho: Tshela umndeni wakho, abangani, nabantu emsebenzini ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa. Bangakusiza-ke. Isibonelo, bangabuka ebusweni lapho bekhuluma nawe futhi bazame ukukhuluma ngokucacile.
• Vikela izindlebe zakho: I-Presbycusis ingenziwa ibe yimbi kakhulu ngenxa yomsindo omkhulu, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka ama-earplug noma nini lapho usendaweni enomsindo.
• Gqoka izinsiza zakho zokuzwa njalo: Abanye abantu bayayeka ukusebenzisa izinsiza zabo zokuzwa ngoba ziyazilimaza izindlebe zabo. Kodwa-ke, uma une-presbycusis, ukugqoka izinsiza zakho zokuzwa njalo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni isimo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu. Uma uzwa ukungakhululeki ngenkathi ugqoka izinsiza zakho zokuzwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho wezindlebe. Angazilungisa ukuze zikufane nawe.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami wezindlebe?

Cishe kuzodingeka ubonane nodokotela wezindlebe okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe ukuzwa ukuze abone ukuthi ukuzwa kwakho sekuye kwaba kubi yini. Uma usenenkinga yokuzwa ngisho nangemva kokugqoka izinsiza zakho zokuzwa , qiniseka ukuthi ubonana nodokotela wezindlebe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kokuzwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi une-presbycusis, ukubuza le mibuzo kuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono lesi simo:

• Kungakanani ukulahlekelwa kwami ​​​​kwezindlebe?
• Uncoma uhlobo luni lokwelashwa? Ingabe udinga izinsiza zokuzwa?
• Lesi simo sithinta kanjani impilo yami yansuku zonke?
• Yini enye okufanele ngikhathazeke ngayo?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Presbycusis, ukulahlekelwa kancane kancane kokuzwa njengoba siguga, iyingxenye yenqubo yokuguga. Uma unenkinga yokuqonda okushiwo othile, noma uma kufanele uphakamise njalo ivolumu ku-TV, kungaba uphawu lokuthi ukuzwa kwakho kuya ngokuya kuba buthakathaka. Nakuba kungenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, ukunakekela izindlebe zakho kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuzweni kwakho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela. Uzokwazi ukuhlola isimo sakho, akuthumelele ukuhlolwa kokuzwa uma kudingeka, futhi akunikeze iseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Khumbula, lapho kutholakala ngokushesha, kuba lula kakhulu ukukuphatha!

I- Presbycusis, Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuhlobene nobudala, Ukuzwa, Izinsiza zokuzwa, I-Tinnitus, Udokotela Wezindlebe, I-Cochlea