Ingabe isibindi sakho sihlushwa utshwala? Ake sixoxe nge-Hepatitis Ebangelwa Utshwala namuhla!

Sonke siyazi ukuthi utshwala abulungele umzimba. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kusukela ekuzijabuliseni okuncane, bungaba umkhuba futhi bubangele umonakalo omkhulu emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Esinye isimo esibi esingase senzeke esibindini sethu ngenxa yotshwala sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Alcohol-Induced Hepatitis'. Nakuba leli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ngamazwi alula, lokhu kusho ukuthi isibindi siyavuvukala noma siyavuvukala ngenxa yotshwala.

Utshwala bulimaza kanjani isibindi sethu kanje?

Cabanga ngesibindi sethu njengefektri enkulu emzimbeni wethu. Konke esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo kudlula kule fektri ukuze kuhlanzwe futhi kucutshungulwe. Isibindi sihlukanisa izakhamzimba futhi sisuse ubuthi obuyingozi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke uma siphuza utshwala, buqonda ngqo kulesi sibindi. Kodwa utshwala buyi -toxin esibindini. Abunikezi noma yikuphi ukudla okunempilo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, buyaphuka futhi bukhiqize amakhemikhali ayingozi emzimbeni.

Manje, uma umuntu eqhubeka nokuphuza utshwala obuningi, noma enenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala , isibindi sakhe asikwazi ukucubungula zonke izinto ezinobuthi namafutha. Isibindi siyagcwala ngokweqile. Kwenzekani-ke? Lezi zinto ezinobuthi namafutha ziqala ukwakheka esibindini bese ziqala ukusonakalisa. Lo monakalo ubangela ukuvuvukala , okungukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuvuvukala empeleni kuwumzamo womzimba wokuziphulukisa nokuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe.

Njengalapho unomkhuhlane, lokhu kuvuvukala kufanele kube okwesikhashana. Kodwa uma isibindi sihlala sicindezelwe utshwala, ukuvuvukala kuyaqhubeka. Isibindi sigcwala uketshezi olufana namanzi bese sivuvukala. Uma lokhu kuvuvukala kukhulu futhi kuqhubeka isikhathi eside, izicubu zesibindi ziyalimala kancane kancane futhi amaseli esibindi aqale ukufa.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola i-Hepatitis Ebangelwa Utshwala?

Abantu asebephuze kakhulu iminyaka eminingi bavame ukuba sengozini enkulu. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abantu abathola lesi simo abanjalo. Abanye abantu bazwela kakhulu otshwaleni. Bangaba nokusabela kwesibindi ngisho noma bephuza inani elijwayelekile. Abanye bangase baphuze kakhulu futhi bangatholi lesi simo se-hepatitis.

Lokhu kungathonywa ukungafani kwezakhi zofuzo . Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala noma isifo sesibindi , nawe ungase ube sengozini enkulu kancane. Ubulili nabo budlala indima. Amadoda avame ukuba nokubekezelela utshwala okuphezulu kancane.

Kodwa, akubona bonke abantu abafanayo. Ngokwezokwelapha, asinakusho ukuthi 'leli inani eliphephile lotshwala'. Abanye abantu bangaba nesifo sofuba esibangelwa utshwala kanye nesifo sokuqina kwesibindi ngisho noma benotshwala obungenakuqhathaniswa.Ukubhekana nezimo ezinjalo.

Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo (i-Hepatitis Ebangelwa Utshwala)?

Uma une-hepatitis encane kakhulu noma ekuqaleni, ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungase uqale ukuzwa nokubona izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ingcindezi engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla yesisu sakho, lapho isibindi sakho sitholakala khona.
• Umuzwa wokuthi isibindi sivuvukile noma sikhulisiwe .
• Isisu esivuvukile, njengokungathi isisu sigcwele amanzi .
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo .
• Isicanucanu .
• Indle ephuzi, enamanzi .

Manje, njengoba lesi sifo se-hepatitis siba sibi kakhulu futhi siqala ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesibindi, uzoqala ukubona izimpawu zezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo:

• Imfiva .
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo) .
• Ukuphuzi kwamehlo amhlophe - lokho kusho i-jaundice .
• Ukuphuka okulula kanye namabala egazi esikhumbeni (i-thrombocytopenia) .
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kobuchopho, njenge-dementia (i-hepatic encephalopathy) .
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile kanye nokuphelelwa yimpilo .

Kungakanani okufanele uphuze ukuze ufike kuleli qophelo?

Akukho silinganiso esithile sotshwala esithinta wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ingozi iphezulu uma uphuza kakhulu isikhathi eside. Ukuphuza kakhulu kuhlukile kancane kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kwabesilisa, cishe kuyiziphuzo ezine ezijwayelekile ngosuku, noma amayunithi angaphezu kuka-14 ngesonto. Kwabesifazane, cishe kungamayunithi amathathu ngosuku, noma amayunithi angaphezu kuka-7 ngesonto.

Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile ngezinye izikhathi kungachazwa njengokuphuza utshwala obuningi njalo - lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi 'ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile' . Kuchazwa njengokuphuza amayunithi angaphezu kwamahlanu otshwala ngobusuku obubodwa kwabesilisa kanye namayunithi angaphezu kwamane kwabesifazane. Ukuphuza lokhu okungenani izikhathi ezinhlanu ngenyanga nakho kubhekwa njengokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile. Ngisho noma uphuza utshwala isikhathi esifushane, njengezinyanga eziyisithupha, ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo sofuba esibangelwa utshwala iyanda kakhulu. Iningi labantu abathola lesi simo yilabo asebephuze iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu, bayeka ukuphuza isikhashana, base beqala ukuphuza futhi.

Ingabe lesi sifo siyathelelana?

Cha. Lesi sifo sofuba esibangelwa utshwala asilona igciwane njengezinye izinhlobo zesifo sofuba. Awukwazi ukusabalalisa lesi sifo komunye umuntu njengegciwane. Kodwa-ke, ukuphuza kakhulu okungapheli kungaba 'njengegciwane' ngokombono wezenhlalo. Lapho abangani nomndeni behlangana futhi bephuza kakhulu, bakhuthazana ukuba bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okufanayo okuholela ekubhebhethekeni kwesibindi okubangelwa utshwala.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo, okuhlanganisa nokusebenzisa kwakho utshwala. Uma esola ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa utshwala , uzokuhlola ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo ohambisanayo ezithweni zomzimba. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa okuningana, isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Ukuhlolwa okufana nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi, ikakhulukazi ama-enzyme esibindi, kusetshenziselwa futhi ukuhlola amazinga aphezulu otshwala. Kulezi zinsuku, ukuhlolwa okufana ne-"phosphatidyl ethanol" kanye ne-"urine ethyl glucuronide" nakho kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola utshwala egazini nasemchameni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuze kubhekwe isibindi sakho futhi kubhekwe ukuvuvukala noma umonakalo. Isibonelo, ukuskena kwe-ultrasound , i-FibroScan® (lapho itholakala khona), i-CT scan, noma i-MRI scan.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi . Udokotela wakho kungadingeka athathe isampula yezicubu zesibindi sakho ukuze ihlolwe elebhu. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka inalithi encane esibindini sakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-hepatitis yotshwala. Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kuphela ukuyeka ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele . Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukwenza kanjalo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Ukuyeka utshwala ngokuzumayo kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nemiphumela emibi eyingozi.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ngenkathi ululama ekuyekeni utshwala. Angakudlulisela ekwelashweni kwezinkinga zokusebenzisa utshwala. Angasiza futhi ekwelapheni ezinye zezinkinga zokusebenzisa utshwala kanye nesifo sofuba.

Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungafaka:

• Ukwelashwa ngokudla okunempilo . Kokubili ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala kanye nokulimala kwesibindi kungabangela ukungondleki kahle. Lokhu kungenxa yezinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, kanye nokungakwazi ukucubungula izakhamzimba ngendlela efanele. Ukungondleki kahle kungenza kube nzima ukululama kulezi zimo. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze izinguquko ekudleni, izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo, kanye nemithi evuselela isifiso sokudla ukuze akusize ululame. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungase unikezwe ukudla okunempilo (ukudla ngepayipi) ngenkathi usesibhedlela.
• Ama-steroid esikhashana . Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu ze-hepatitis yotshwala, odokotela bangase banikeze ama-steroids okwesikhashana ukuze banciphise ukuvuvukala kwesibindi futhi basize amaseli esibindi akhule kabusha.

Ingabe lesi simo singaguqulwa?

Yebo, uma lesi sifo singakathuthuki kakhulu, singaqedwa ngokuyeka ukuphuza. Abantu abangayeki ukuphuza bayaqhubeka nokuba nesifo sokuqina kwesibindi kanye nokwehluleka kwesibindi . Izicubu zesilonda esezivele zakhekile esibindini sakho azikwazi ukuqedwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuyeka ukuphuza, ungavimbela umonakalo owengeziwe futhi uvikele ingxenye esele yesibindi sakho. Kuzodingeka uyeke ukuphuza ngokuphelele, unomphela , kodwa ungalulama.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Abantu abayeka ukuphuza utshwala ngemva kokuxilongwa babonisa intuthuko enkulu phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili (6-12). Amacala amancane avame ukuphola ngokuphelele. Amacala amakhulu angase abone intuthuko kancane kancane eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Ezinye isibindi zingase zibe nezibazi ezihlala njalo, kodwa uma nje ugwema utshwala ngokuphelele, akukho monakalo ohlala njalo.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani nalesi simo?

Uma ungayeki ukuphuza ngemva kokuxilongwa, isikhathi sakho sokuphila sizoncipha. Amadoda angayeki ukuphuza anethuba elingu-70% lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu. Abesifazane abangayeki ukuphuza banethuba elingu-30%. Umphumela mubi nakakhulu kubantu abane-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala kanye nesifo sesibindi esithuthukile. Cishe abantu abangu-40% abane-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala bafa zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha bexilongiwe.

Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyicabangele ngempela. Awuboni ukuthi kungakanani umehluko okwenziwa ukuyeka utshwala?

Ingabe i-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala kanye ne-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala yinto efanayo?

Cha, womabili la magama abhekisela esimweni esifanayo: ukuvuvukala kwesibindi okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. Igama elithi 'utshwala' lisetshenziswa ngoba igama elithi 'utshwala' liyacasula kancane futhi alichazi ngempela lesi simo. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba womuntu wonke uhlukile, abanye abantu bangaba nesifo sofuba esibangelwa utshwala ngaphandle kokuba nenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimo ezimbili zivame ukubonakala ndawonye.

Ngakho-ke uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala kanye ne-cirrhosis?

I-cirrhosis yisigaba sokugcina sesifo sesibindi. Kwenzeka lapho ukuvuvukala okungapheli, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-hepatitis, kulimaza isibindi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba amaseli asezicutshini ezivuvukele efa, izicubu zesilonda ziyakhula kancane kancane kulezo zindawo. Lapho ingxenye enkulu yesibindi iba nesilonda, ibizwa ngokuthi i-cirrhosis. Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, i-hepatitis yotshwala ibangela u-50% wazo zonke izimo ze-cirrhosis.

I-cirrhosis ekugcineni ibangela isibindi sakho ukuthi siyeke ukusebenza kahle. Njengoba izicubu zesibindi ezinempilo zithathelwa indawo yizicubu zesibazi, ivimba ukugeleza kwegazi futhi inciphise ikhono lesibindi lokucubungula izakhamzimba nokuhlunga ubuthi. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukungondleki kahle, ubuthi egazini, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, kanye nokufa . Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, izifo zesibindi ezihlobene notshwala zibangela u-80% wabo bonke abantu ababulawa ubuthi besibindi.

I-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala ikhula kancane, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Abantu abaningi abazi ngomonakalo ongenziwa ukuphuza kakhulu isikhathi eside esibindini sabo. Kodwa-ke, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulungisa imiphumela ye-hepatitis ebangelwa utshwala. Uma unomlando wokuphuza kakhulu futhi/noma unezimpawu zesifo sesibindi, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Angahlola isibindi sakho, ahlole umonakalo, futhi akusize wenze izinguquko emikhubeni yakho ezothuthukisa impilo yakho.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba?

Kulungile, nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Utshwala buyingozi esibindini: Ngisho noma uphuza kancane ukuze ujabule, uma uphuza kakhulu, bungalimaza isibindi. Isibindi singavuvukala futhi sibe nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Hepatitis Ebangelwa Utshwala".
• Akubona bonke abantu abafanayo: Abanye abantu bangaba nezinkinga ngisho nangemva kokuphuza kancane. Ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi 'inani eliphephile lotshwala'.
• Qaphela izimpawu: Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu ohlangothini lwesokudla lwesisu sakho, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma i-jaundice, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
• Ukuyeka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha: Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwalesi simo ukuyeka ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukwenza lokhu ngeseluleko sikadokotela.
• Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuyelapheka: Uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngaphambi kokuba sibe sibi kakhulu, futhi uma utshwala bumiswa, umonakalo esibindini ungabuyiselwa emuva kakhulu futhi umonakalo owengeziwe ungavinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izibazi ezinkulu, njenge-cirrhosis, kunzima ukubuyela emuva.

Isibindi sakho siyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho. Kukuwe ukuthi usinakekele. Ungabeki impilo yakho engozini ngenxa yotshwala.

Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi , ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, isifo sesibindi, i-cirrhosis, i-hepatitis, ukuyeka utshwala, ukulimala kwesibindi