Wake wambona umuntu edla okuthile noma elunywa yisinambuzane bese ngokuzumayo uzizwa ugula, unenkinga yokuphefumula, futhi uzizwe ukhathazekile? Mhlawumbe une-allergy encane. Kodwa namuhla asikhulumi ngento elula kangaka, kodwa mayelana nokusabela okubi kakhulu kwe-allergy okungaba yingozi empilweni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wena nabathandekayo bakho nazi ngalokhu.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-anaphylaxis?
I-Anaphylaxis, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylactic shock, iwukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okungaba yingozi empilweni futhi kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uma unalolu hlobo lokusabela, kufanele uthole umthamo we-epinephrine (owaziwa nangokuthi i-adrenaline) ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ungelashwa, lesi simo singaba yingozi.
I-Epinephrine ingalawula lezi zimpawu ezinzima zingakapheli imizuzu. Uma lokho kungasebenzi, umthamo wesibili unganikezwa zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30. Lo muthi uyatholakala ngencwadi kadokotela. Ufika ngamapeni okujova okulula ukuwasebenzisa kanye nama-spray asekhaleni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi uthathe amaphilisi e-antihistamine (isib. i-Pyridoxine) kuphela uma kwenzeka ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kanje. Akwanele.
I-Anaphylaxis yisimo esingavamile, kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba naso. Uma une-allergy ngenxa yesidakamizwa noma i-latex, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kwanoma yiluphi ukwelashwa, ngisho nodokotela wamazinyo. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuphatha ikhadi elinolwazi mayelana ne-allergy yakho noma ukugqoka isongo sezokwelapha.
Uma uke waba ne-anaphylaxis ngaphambili, ingozi yakho yokuba nayo futhi iphakeme. Futhi uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nalesi simo noma une-asthma, ingozi yakho iphakeme nakakhulu.
Ake sibone izigaba lapho lesi simo esiyingozi siqala khona.
Ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kuvame ukuqhubeka ngezigaba eziningana. Kodwa kungenzeka futhi ngokushesha kakhulu. Izimpawu ziqala kancane futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke uma ubona izimpawu kusenesikhathi, ungathola usizo ngaphambi kokuba isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
| Isiteji | Izimpawu ozibonayo |
|---|---|
| Isigaba 1 (izimpawu ezincane) | Kungaba nzima ukubona ukuthi lokhu kuyi-anaphylaxis noma kuyi-allergy evamile. Ungase ube nokulunywa, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. Uma wazi ukuthi usengozini, qaphela lezi zimpawu. |
| Isigaba sesi-2 (izimpawu ezivame kakhulu) | Izimpawu manje sezinkulu kancane, zisakazekela ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba. Izilonda zingabonakala emzimbeni wonke. Ubuso, izindebe, nolimi kuyavuvukala. Amehlo ayamanzi. Kuba nzima ukugwinya. Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, noma isifo sohudo nakho kungase kwenzeke. Kulesi sigaba, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sikadokotela. |
| Isigaba sesi-3 (izimpawu ezinzima) | Kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphefumula. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho. Ijubane lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho lingase lehle (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka). Ungase uzizwe unesizungu, uphelelwe amandla, noma ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. |
| Isigaba 4 (esisongela impilo) | Lesi yisigaba esiyingozi kakhulu. Umfutho wegazi wehla kakhulu. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubuthakathaka kakhulu. Izindlela zokuphefumula ziyavuvukala, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula kahle, futhi ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. Lesi simo singaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma ngisho nasekufeni. |
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-anaphylaxis?
Nakuba izimpawu zokuqala zingase zibonakale njengokusabela okuvamile kokungezwani komzimba (ukuqubuka, amaqhubu), izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu zingavela zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30. Ngokuvamile kuba khona izimpawu ezingaphezu kweyodwa kulezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula kanzima
- Ubuhlungu besifuba , ukulunywa, noma ukuqina
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, isiyezi, ukudideka, noma ubuthakathaka
- Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukubomvu kwesikhumba kanye nokulunywa
- Ukuminyana kwamakhala noma impumulo egobhozayo kanye nokuthimula
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo)
- Ukuvuvukala nokulunywa kwezindebe noma ulimi
- Ukuvuvukala komphimbo, ukushoshozela , ubunzima bokugwinya
- Ukuhlanza, uhudo, ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka, isikhumba esikhanyayo
- Ukungaqondi kahle amazwi ngesikhathi ekhuluma
- Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwengqondo
Abanye abantu bathi ngaphambi kokuba lesi simo esibi senzeke, babezizwa benomuzwa wokubhujiswa, njengokungathi "kukhona okubi okuzokwenzeka."
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusabela kwesibili kungenzeka zingakapheli amahora ayi-12 kusukela kukusabela kokuqala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-biphasic anaphylaxis.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Kalula nje, i-anaphylaxis iwukusabela ngokweqile kwesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela entweni engeyona ingozi ngempela (isib. ukudla). Lokhu kungase kungenzeki okokuqala into ingena emzimbeni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kusabela kungaba kubi kakhulu.
Izimbangela ezivamile phakathi kwezingane
Ukudla kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-anaphylaxis ezinganeni.
- Amantongomane
- Ukudla kwasolwandle (i-Shellfish - efana ne-shrimp, i-crab, i-squid)
- Inhlanzi
- Ubisi
- Amaqanda
- Isoya
- Ukolweni
Izimbangela ezivamile phakathi kwabantu abadala
Kwabantu abadala, lesi simo singabangelwa imithi .
- Ukudla Kwasolwandle (Inhlanzi Enezigobolondo)
- Amantongomane ezihlahla afana nama-cashew, ama-almond, nama-pecan
- Amantongomane
Ezinye izimbangela ezivamile
- Imithi: I-Penicillin (etholakala ngomjovo hhayi ngefomu lamaphilisi), imithi yokubulala izinzwa, imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu efana ne-aspirin ne-ibuprofen, kanye nemithi yokubulala izinzwa.
- Ukuhlaba kwezinambuzane: Ukuhlaba okuvela ezilwaneni ezifana nezinyosi, iminyovu, kanye nezimpondo.
- I-Latex: Itholakala kumagilavu esibhedlela, amabhaluni, nezinye izinto. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela ngisho nasekunukeni lokhu.
Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela ayitholakali. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-idiopathic anaphylaxis.
Udokotela wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-anaphylaxis?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-allergy enkulu noma usengozini ye-anaphylaxis, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Uzokubuza nge-allergy yakho futhi angase enze nokuhlolwa okuthile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kulinganisa izinga le-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-tryptase. Leli zinga lingakhuphuka egazini kuze kube amahora amathathu ngemva kwe-anaphylaxis.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi une-allergy yini ekudleni namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene.
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kanye nokwelashwa esibhedlela
Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokusheshayo kwe-anaphylaxis yi-epinephrine . Uma usengozini, kufanele uhlale uphethe okungenani imithamo emibili ye-epinephrine enqunywe udokotela wakho.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo?
Uma wena noma omunye umuntu eba nezimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, nikeza i-epinephrine ngokushesha . Ngemuva kwalokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimpawu ziphela ngokuphelele futhi ngokushesha, iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) noma ushayele i-ambulensi ngokushesha . Kukhona ingozi yokusabela kwe-biphasic.
Esibhedlela, ungadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe:
- Ukunikeza umoya-mpilo ukuze kusize ekuphefumuleni.
- Nikeza uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni kanye nama-steroid noma ama-antihistamine.
- Ukuphefumula umuthi ofana ne-Albuterol ukuze kube lula ukuphefumula.
Ungase ugcinwe uqashwe esibhedlela amahora ambalwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kwenzeka yini ukusabela kwesibili.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuphinda kwenzeke?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ekwenza ungezwani nomzimba bese uyigwema ngokuphelele.
- Ikhithi Yezimo Eziphuthumayo: Gcina njalo i-epinephrine injector noma i-nasal spray oyinikezwe udokotela wakho eduze. Vuselela umuthi ngaphambi kokuba uphelelwe yisikhathi.
- Yazisa odokotela bakho: Tshela bonke odokotela bakho (kufaka phakathi udokotela wamazinyo) mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho.
- Hlola amalebula okudla: Uma une-allergies yokudla, funda amalebula ezintweni ozithengayo esitolo ngokucophelela. Buza ngakho ngaphambi koku-oda ukudla endaweni yokudlela.
- Gqoka isongo lesexwayiso sezokwelapha: Lokhu kwazisa abanye ngesimo sakho futhi kuyasiza ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
Ngisho noma kunjalo, ungase ube sengozini yokuthile okubangela ukungezwani komzimba ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile kuwe, emndenini wakho nakubangani bakho ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma lokho kwenzeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
- Thola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela ukuthi ube nomzimba ongezwani nawo bese uyigwema.
- Uma usengozini yokuba ne-anaphylaxis, hlala uphatha okungenani imithamo emibili ye-epinephrine oyinikezwe udokotela wakho.
- Sebenzisa i-epinephrine ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu bese uya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Yazisa umndeni, abangani, kanye nabantu basemsebenzini ngesimo sakho bese ubachazela ukuthi benzeni uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
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