Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma njengoba sonke sazi, "umfutho wegazi," yisimo abantu abaningi ezweni lethu ababhekene naso njengamanje. Mhlawumbe nawe uthatha imithi yalokhu, noma othile emndenini wakho angase abe nalesi simo. Uma udokotela ekubhalela imithi yomfutho wegazi lakho, kunezinhlobo eziningi zaleyo mithi. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngomunye wemithi esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Leyo yi-ARBs, noma i-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers.
Kalula nje, iyini le ARB?
Ama-ARB (ama-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers) ayizinhlobo zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha hhayi nje umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kodwa nezinye izimo eziningana, njengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo nesifo sezinso. Afika ngesimo samaphilisi, okusho ukuthi aphuzwa ngomlomo. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, incazelo yalo ilula kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngakho.
- I-Angiotensin II iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuqinisa imithambo yegazi yethu.
- I-receptor yindawo ethile ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi lapho le hormone ingabopha khona. Ifana nenkemba yesihluthulelo.
- I-blocker yinto evimbayo.
Lokho okwenziwa yilo muthi ukuvimba i-hormone (ukhiye) ekubopheni i-receptor (ipuleti) emithanjeni yegazi. Ngemuva kwalokho imithambo yegazi ayivaleki, ivuleka kahle, ukuze igazi likwazi ukuhamba kalula, futhi ingcindezi nayo iyancipha. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimo lapho odokotela bevame ukunikeza lolu hlobo lomuthi we-ARB ngezansi.
| Isimo | Indlela imithi ye-ARB esiza ngayo |
|---|
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Kunweba imithambo yegazi, okuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula. Lokhu kunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. |
| Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okubangelwa Ukuqina Kwenhliziyo | Kuyasiza ekunciphiseni umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni futhi kwandise ukusebenza kahle kokupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. |
| Isifo Sezinso | Kuyasiza ukulawula ukulimala kwezinso, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, futhi kwehlise ijubane lapho lowo monakalo uvela khona. |
| Ukuvimbela isifo sohlangothi | Ngenxa yokuthi imithambo yegazi ibanzi, amathuba okuthi amahlule amancane egazi avimbe imithambo yegazi eya ebuchosheni ayancipha. |
| Ngemva Kokuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo | Kuyasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo enhliziyweni futhi kuvimbele okunye ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. |
Yimiphi imithi ye-ARB evame ukunikezwa?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engaphansi kwesigaba se-ARB. Kunendlela elula kakhulu yokuzibona. Amagama ale mithi avame ukuphela ngo
-“-sartan.” Maka ibhokisi lemithi udokotela akunike lona, lingase libe negama elifana naleli. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa amanye ama-ARB asetshenziswa kakhulu.
| Igama Elijwayelekile Lomuthi | Igama lomkhiqizo elivamile (Isibonelo Segama Lomkhiqizo) |
|---|
| I-Losartan | I-Cozaar® (uhlobo lwe-ARB olusetshenziswa kakhulu) |
| I-Valsartan | I-Diovan®, i-Prexxartan® |
| I-Irbesartan | I-Avapro® |
| I-Candesartan | I-Atacand® |
| I-Olmesartan | I-Benicar® |
| I-Telmisartan | I-Micardis® |
Okubalulekile: Amagama emikhiqizo abhalwe lapha ayizibonelo nje. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi unikeze lo muthi ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elihlukile. Ungakhathazeki ngalokho.
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni.
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Ake sithi kukhona ipayipi lamanzi, kwenzekani uma ucindezela phakathi kwepayipi bese ulibamba? Umfutho wamanzi ngaphakathi kwepayipi uyakhuphuka, akunjalo? Imithambo yethu yegazi injalo. I-hormone ethi `Angiotensin II` emzimbeni wethu icindezela imithambo yethu yegazi njengokungathi icindezela ipayipi lamanzi. Lapho imithambo yegazi incipha, isikhala segazi sidlula kuyo siyancipha. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo kufanele ipompe igazi
ngamandla amakhulu. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma umfutho. Ukuze le hormone ethi `Angiotensin II` yenze umsebenzi wayo, idinga ukunamathela endaweni ethile emithanjeni yegazi, okuyi-`receptor``. Imithi ye-ARB yenza into elula kakhulu.
Iyahamba ihlale kuleyo receptor. Bese i-hormone ethi `Angiotensin II` ayinandawo yokunamathela. Kufana nokuthi uma uya kohlala esihlalweni bese omunye umuntu ehleli kuso, awukwazi ukuhlala phansi.
Kalula nje, imithi ye-ARB ivimba ukusebenza kwe-hormone evimba imithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuvumela imithambo yegazi ukuthi ivuleke kabanzi futhi yehlise umfutho wegazi .
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulo muthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-ARB angabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi ababi nemiphumela emibi. Evame kakhulu engenzeka yile:
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuba nesiyezi ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi emzimbeni wakho ukujwayela umfutho wegazi ophansi. Lesi simo sivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile kwezinso:Akuvamile kakhulu, ama-ARB angathinta ukugeleza kwegazi ezinso. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma usuvele unesifo semithambo yezinso. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngemva kokuqala ukuthatha lo muthi, udokotela wakho
uzoyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi (ukuhlolwa kwe-Serum Creatinine) ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa njengoba udokotela wakho encoma.
Ngidinga ukuthatha lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uvame ukuba yisimo sokuphila konke. Uma uyeka ukuthatha imithi yakho, umfutho wegazi wakho ungase ubuyele ezingeni lawo langaphambilini. Ngakho-ke,
ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe i-ARB noma omunye umuthi womfutho wegazi impilo yakho yonke.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-ACE inhibitors nama-ARB?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngeklasi yemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-ACE inhibitors. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zemithi zisebenza ngokunciphisa imiphumela ye-angiotensin. Kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene.
- Ama-ACE inhibitors : Lawa asebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ethi `Angiotensin II` ebangela inkinga. Kufana nokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwefektri eyenza abantu ababangela inkinga.
- Ama-ARB: Lawa awavimbi ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ethi `Angiotensin II`, kodwa avimba ikhono le-hormone lokubopha emithanjeni yegazi.
Omunye wemiphumela emibi eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yemithi yokuvimbela i-ACE
ukukhwehlela okomile okuqhubekayo nokubuhlungu. Uma uba nalolu hlobo lokukhwehlela ngenkathi uthatha i-ACE inhibitor (isb., i-Enalapril, i-Lisinopril), udokotela wakho cishe uzoyeka imithi bese eqala i-ARB esikhundleni salokho.
Ingabe kudingeka ngiqaphele eminye imithi nokudla lapho ngithatha ama-ARB?
Yebo, impela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ngenkathi uthatha imithi yakho yomfutho wegazi.
Eminye imithi
Eminye imithi yomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nokungezwani komzimba etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho. Futhi, ukuthatha
imithi yobuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID (njenge-ibuprofen, i-diclofenac, i-naproxen), kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi yobuhlungu futhi kulimaze izinso zakho. Ngakho-ke
buza udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi yobuhlungu. Qaphela kakhulu i-potassium.
Imithi ye-ARB ingakhuphula amazinga e-potassium egazini. Ngakho-ke,
- Ungathathi izithasiselo ze-potassium ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Ezinye "izithako zokufaka esikhundleni sikasawoti" ezisetshenziswa abantu abadla ukudla okulawula usawoti ziqukethe i-potassium chloride. Funda ilebula ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa.
Uma amazinga e-potassium egazini enyuka, kungabangela izimo eziyingozi njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
Kuthiwani ngotshwala?
Uma uphuza utshwala njalo futhi ngokweqile, kungakhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho kakhulu. Futhi, uma uphuza utshwala obuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, umfutho wegazi lakho ungehla ngokuzumayo futhi ungaquleka. Ngakho-ke uma uphuza utshwala, kwenze ngokulinganisela.
Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha imithi ye-ARB ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Cha. Akuphephile nhlobo. Yomibili imithi ye-ARB kanye ne-ACE inhibitor ingadala umonakalo omkhulu enganeni engakazalwa uma ithathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Izinkinga zokuzalwa
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso
- Amazinga aphezulu e-potassium
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi
- Ukuzalwa Komntwana Ofile
Lezi zinkinga ezinkulu zingase zenzeke. Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme futhi ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukuba nomntwana,
tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi ohlukile ophephile kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
Ingabe ama-ARB awuhlobo 'lwephilisi lamanzi' (i-Diuretics)?
Cha. Ama-ARB awawona ama-diuretic, noma "amaphilisi amanzi" njengoba sivame ukuwabiza kanjalo. Amaphilisi amanzi asiza umzimba ukuthi ukhiphe amanzi engeziwe kanye nosawoti emchameni. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bazokunikeza
inhlanganisela ye-ARB kanye ne-diuretic (ngokuvamile i-thiazide diuretic) ephilisini elilodwa . Uma umuthi wakho ubhalwe ngokuthi "i-Losartan H" noma "i-Valsartan HCT," lokho kusho ukuthi uqukethe kokubili i-ARB kanye ne-diuretic. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yomfutho wegazi, ngakho kungaba nzima ukuthola ukuthi yimuphi ofanele wena. Ama-ARB ayisigaba sokuqala semithi enikezwa odokotela, futhi asebenza kahle kubantu abaningi. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngale mithi, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-ARB ayisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu semithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesifo sezinso.
- Lokhu kusebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo se-hormone esinciphisa imithambo yegazi futhi sigcine imithambo yegazi ivulekile.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.Uma wenza kanjalo, umfutho wegazi lakho ungaphinde ukhuphuke ngendlela eyingozi.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu (ama-NSAID).
- Akukhuthazwa ukuthatha lo muthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma uma ukhulelwe. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma ukhathazekile ngomuthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
I-ARB ngesiSinhala, ama-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers, Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme, Imithi Yokucindezela, iLosartan, iValsartan, Ukuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo
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