Wake wahlolwa igazi wabona amagama amaningi nezindinganiso ezahlukene embikweni okunzima ukuziqonda? Udokotela wakho cishe uzokuchazela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi thina ngokwethu siyadideka kancane ngokuthi lezi zinto zisho ukuthini. Isibonelo, elinye lamagama ongawabona kweminye imibiko yegazi yi-"Anion Gap". Namuhla sizokhuluma, kalula, ngokuthi iyini le-Anion Gap nokuthi kungani ibalulekile kithi.
Kalula nje, iyini le-Anion Gap?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukwazi okuncane ngegazi lethu. Kunamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene egazini lethu. Amanye alawa anokushaja kukagesi okuhle (+), kanti amanye anokushaja kukagesi okubi (-). Lezi zinhlayiya ezishajayo sizibiza ngokuthi ama-electrolyte . I-Sodium, i-potassium, i-chloride, ne-bicarbonate yizinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-electrolyte.
Ngakho-ke, i-Anion Gap iyindlela elula yokubala. Umehluko phakathi kwezindleko eziyinhloko ezinhle (+) (njenge-sodium) kanye nezindleko eziyinhloko ezimbi (-) (njenge-chloride ne-bicarbonate) egazini lakho. Ukuze kube sobala, "isikhala" phakathi kwezindleko ezilinganiswayo ezinhle nezimbi.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu akulona ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlukile. Leli nani le-Anion Gap libalwa elabhorethri kusetshenziswa amanani e-sodium, chloride, kanye ne-bicarbonate atholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi okuvamile (njengephaneli ye-electrolyte, i-BMP, i-CMP).
Kungani odokotela bekhathazekile ngaleli nani le-Anion Gap?
Leli nani lisinika umbono ngento ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Leyo ibhalansi ye-acid-base egazini lethu . Njengoba nje injini yemoto idinga ukuba namazinga afanele kawoyela namanzi ukuze isebenze kahle, i-acidity yegazi lethu idinga ukuba ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile ukuze amaseli emzimbeni wethu asebenze kahle.
- Uma i-asidi egazini ikhuphuka kakhulu, ibizwa ngokuthi i-acidosis .
- Uma i-asidi egazini iba phansi kakhulu futhi i-alkalinity ikhuphuka, ibizwa ngokuthi i-alkalosis .
Zombili lezi zimo zingaba yingozi ngoba zibonisa ukuthi kukhona okungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, uma inani le-Anion Gap lishintshwa, kuyinkomba ebalulekile kudokotela ukuthola isimo esifana ne-acidosis.
Kunini lapho udokotela ecabanga ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kuyadingeka?
Ngokuvamile, ungase ukubone lokhu uma unezimpawu ezingakhululekile. Isibonelo:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukudideka
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwezimpawu, leli nani le-Anion Gap lingase libe embikweni wakho njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke.
Ngilungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi? Kwenzekani uma kudonswa igazi?
Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, ngakho-ke akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uzile ukudla amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele udle noma uphuze noma yini. Kubalulekile futhi ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingathinta imiphumela yalolu vivinyo.
Uyazi kahle indlela yokudonsa igazi.
1. Ngesikhathi uhleli esihlalweni, umhlengikazi noma udokotela we-phlebotomist uzothola umthambo engalweni yakho.
2. Bese kubekwa ibhande lerabha (i-tourniquet) engalweni engenhla ukuze umthambo ubonakale ungcono.
3. Uma umthambo usutholakele, indawo iyahlanzwa kahle, kufakwe inaliti encane, bese kukhishwa igazi elincane epayipini lokuhlola. Kuleli qophelo, kungase kuzwakale sengathi intuthwane encane iyakuluma.
4. Ngemva kokuba inani legazi elidingekayo seliqoqiwe, inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa ucezu lwekotini endaweni bese lucindezelwa.
5. Uma ukopha sekuphelile, kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni bese umsebenzi usuphelile.
Lonke lolu hlelo luthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.
Imiphumela ithini?
Uma kufika umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi, kukhona okunye okuza nenani le-Anion Gap. Lelo "ububanzi obujwayelekile". Lokhu kungahluka kancane kusuka elabhorethri kuya elabhorethri. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqhathanisa inani lakho nenani elijwayelekile elinikezwe embikweni uqobo ukuze ubone ukuthi lijwayelekile noma cha.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi leli nani lingasinika ziphi izinkomba uma likhuphuka noma lincipha.
| Inani le-Anion Gap | Kungasho ukuthini (izibonelo) |
|---|---|
| Isikhala Esiphezulu Se-Anion | Lokhu kusho ukuthi igazi lakho line-asidi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-acidosis . Lokhu kungabangelwa yi:
|
| Igebe Eliphansi le-Anion | Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angaphinda ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela ulungile. Uma kunenani eliphansi kangaka, izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu kungaba:
|
Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke uma inani lami le-Anion Gap lingajwayelekile?
Lutho neze. Ukuthi inani lakho le-Anion Gap lingaphandle kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile akusho ukuthi unesifo esibi kakhulu. Khumbula, lokhu kumane kuyinkomba.
- Kungaba ngenxa yephutha elincane elenzeke ngesikhathi kuqoqwa, kuthuthwa, noma kuhlolwa isampula yegazi.
- Kungaba ngenxa yemithi oyiphuzayo.
- Kungase kube ngenxa yoshintsho lwesikhashana emzimbeni wakho.
Uma udokotela wakho ebheka lo mphumela, uzocabangela izinto eziningi, njengezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo. Uma inani le-Anion Gap lingajwayelekile futhi kukhona ukungabaza ngakho, uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungakhathazeki ngezindinganiso ezisembikweni wakho bese ukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngakho nodokotela wakho. Nguye ongakunikeza incazelo engcono kakhulu.
Siyazi ukuthi ukubona umphumela wokuhlolwa ongajwayelekile kungaba yinto eyesabekayo. Kodwa khumbula, zonke lezi zivivinyo zenzelwa ukuqonda kangcono impilo yethu nokubona ngokushesha nokwelapha noma yiziphi izinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anion Gap akuyona ukuhlolwa okuhlukile. Ibalwa kusukela kumanani atholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi okuvamile.
- Lokhu kubheka kakhulu ibhalansi ye-acid-base yegazi lakho .
- I-Anion Gap ephezulu ivame ukukhombisa ukwanda kwe-asidi egazini (i-acidosis). Lokhu kungabangelwa yizici ezahlukahlukene, kusukela kusifo sikashukela kuya kwisifo sezinso.
- I-Anion Gap ephansi ayivamile kakhulu. Ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwehla kweprotheni ye-albumin egazini.
- Ngisho noma imiphumela yakho ingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, ungasheshi ufinyelele eziphethweni ngokwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze akucacisele.
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