Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthola amabala amhlophe emzimbeni wakho abukeka 'njengesikhumba esimpunga '? Noma ukhathele inkinga enoboya engaphezi? Mhlawumbe olunye lwezinzipho zakho noma izinzipho zezinyawo seluphenduke lwaba phuzi, lwaba lubi, futhi luyaphuka. Eziningi zalezi zinto zingabangelwa yinto encane ehlala emzimbeni wethu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-fungus . Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi ziyini lezi zifo ze-fungus , kanye nemithi enikezwa zona, okungukuthi imithi yokukhunta .
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antifungal?
Ama-antifungal uhlobo lomuthi odokotela abawunikezayo ukwelapha izifo zesikhunta. Njengoba nje ama-antibiotic enikezwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ama-antifungal anikezwa ukutheleleka kwesikhunta. Le mithi yenza izinto ezimbili.
1. Ukubulala ngokuphelele isikhunta esibangele ukutheleleka.
2. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuyayivimba isikhunta ukuthi singakhuli futhi sisabalale emzimbeni.
Kodwa-ke, umphumela wokugcina uwukusiza imizimba yethu ukuthi isuse leso sifo sokukhunta.
Ngakho-ke iyini le 'fungus'?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume ngemithi yokubulala isikhunta, ake siqonde kancane ukuthi iyini le fungi. Isikhunta yizinto eziphilayo ezincane ezingatholakala noma kuphi endaweni esizungezile. Zingaba yimvubelo, isikhunta, noma inhlanganisela yazo zombili. Zizala ngokukhiqiza ama-spores amancane. La ma-spores angatholakala enhlabathini noma antante emoyeni.
Cabanga ngakho, ezinye izikhunta zikhona ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo, uhlobo lwemvubelo olubizwa ngokuthi i-Candida . Lezi zihlala ngokungenangozi ezindaweni ezifana nesikhumba sethu, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, kanye nesitho sangasese sangasese kwabesifazane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu lubuthakathaka noma ngezinye izizathu, lezi zikhunta ziqala ukwanda ngokungalawuleki. Yilapho-ke kuvela khona izifo.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo zesikhunta?
Eqinisweni, noma ubani angathola ukutheleleka ngefungus. Izinto ezivamile esizibonayo ezisizungezile, njenge-ringworm, i-eczema , kanye ne-dandruff, ngokuvamile azizimbi kakhulu futhi zingelashwa kalula.
Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, lokhu kutheleleka ngefungus kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Labo ngabantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka.. Imizimba yabo inenkinga yokulwa nokutheleleka okuncane kwesikhunta. Sibiza lezi zinhlobo zokutheleleka ngokuthi "izifo ezithola ithuba." Okusho ukuthi, izifo ezisizakala ngobuthakathaka bomzimba futhi zisakazeke ngezinga elikhulu. Abantu abasengozini bahlanganisa:
- Abantu abane- AIDS .
- Abantu abanezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba njenge-lupus.
- Iziguli ezinomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi lezo ezithola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali).
- Abantu abake bafakelwa izitho zomzimba.
- Abantu abake bafakelwa umnkantsha (ukufakelwa amaseli e-stem).
Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okufana nalokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi empilweni, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngakho.
Yiziphi izifo ezivamile nezingathi sína eziphathwa ngemithi yokukhunta?
Uhla lwezifo ezingelashwa ngemithi yokukhunta lubanzi kakhulu. Zisukela ezifweni ezincane zesikhumba kuya ezifweni ezithinta ubuchopho. Ake sizihlukanise zibe izigaba ezimbili.
| Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okuvamile phakathi kwethu | |
|---|---|
| Igama lokutheleleka | Incazelo elula |
| Unyawo lomdlali, ukulunywa yi-Jock, i-Ringworm | Njengoba sazi, lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-eczema". Kwenzeka ngezindilinga emilenzeni, emisipheni, nasezindaweni ezahlukene zesikhumba, okuhambisana nokulunywa. |
| I-Dandruff | I-Dandruff ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwesikhunta esikhumbeni. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Seborrheic Dermatitis . |
| Isikhunta sezinzipho | Izinzipho zibonisa izimpawu ezifana nokushintsha kombala okuphuzi/okunsundu, ukuqina, nokuphuka kalula. Zithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. |
| I-Thrush / i-Esophageal candidiasis | Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo emlonyeni, emphinjeni, noma emqaleni. Kubangela uqweqwe olumhlophe nolunamathelayo emlonyeni. Kuvamile ezinganeni ezincane. |
| Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane | Izimpawu zalesi sifo zifaka phakathi ukulunywa, ukusha, kanye nokukhishwa okumhlophe okuvela esithweni sangasese sowesifazane kwabesifazane. |
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izifo zesikhunta zingathinta izitho zangaphakathi zomzimba, okubangela izimo ezibucayi kakhulu.
| Izifo ezibangelwa yifungus eziyingozi kakhulu nezithinta kakhulu | |
|---|---|
| Uhlelo lomzimba luthintekile | Izibonelo |
| Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu | I-Aspergillosis, i-Pneumocystis pneumonia, umkhuhlane wesigodi |
| Ukutheleleka okubangelwa igazi | I-Candidemia (ukutheleleka kwemvubelo egazini) |
| Ukutheleleka okuhlobene nobuchopho | I-Meningitis (i-meningitis ingabangelwa futhi yi-fungi) |
| Ukutheleleka kwamehlo | I-histoplasmosis yeso |
| Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus | I-Rhinosinusitis |
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ama-antifungal awafani. Ahlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni asebenza ngayo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi ofanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lokutheleleka onalo, ubukhali balo, kanye nempilo yakho. Ake sibheke ngokushesha izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
- Ama-Azole: Lawa ama-fungicide okwenziwa. Asebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme ebalulekile kumaseli e-fungus. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-fungus ayikwazi ukukhula noma ukuzala. Kufana nokubulala i-bass edinga ukwakha indlu. Isibonelo: `Fluconazole (Diflucan®)`.
- Ama-Echinocandins: Lawa ayisizukulwane esisha semithi. Asebenza ngokuhlasela ngqo udonga lweseli lwesikhunta. Njengoba nje uma udiliza udonga endlini, alukwazi ukuhlala ngaphakathi, lapho udonga lonakele, iseli lesikhunta liyabhujiswa. Isibonelo: `Micafungin (Mycamine®)`.
- Ama-Polyene: Lawa angama-antifungal atholakala ngokwemvelo. Asebenza ngokunamathela olwelwesini lwangaphandle lweseli lesikhunta bese edala izimbobo kulo. Lokhu kuvumela izinto ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kweseli ukuthi ziphume futhi iseli life. Isibonelo: `Nystatin (Bio-Statin®)`.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi ofanele wena nokuthi udinga ukuwuthatha isikhathi esingakanani. Ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi othengiwe ngomunye umuntu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuthola imithi yokulwa namagciwane?
Le mithi iza ngezindlela ezahlukene, kuye ngokuthi ikuphi kanye nobunzima bokutheleleka.
- Okuphathelene nesikhumba: Lokhu kuza ngesimo sama-creams, amafutha okugcoba, ama-gel, ama-lotion, kanye nama-spray. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthelelekeni kwesikhumba nezinzipho.
- Imithi yomlomo: Le mithi iza ngesimo samaphilisi noma uketshezi. Inikezwa izifo zesikhumba ezisakazekile, noma izifo ezindaweni ezifana nezinzipho nezinwele.
- Imijovo/IV: Le mithi inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) noma njengomjovo wezifo ezingathi sína nezithinta umzimba. Le mithi inikezwa esibhedlela.
- Ama-suppositories esitho sangasese sowesifazane: Lawa asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
Nakuba ungathenga izinto ezifana nokhilimu ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela (Over-the-Counter - OTC), uma inkinga iqhubeka noma ivela njalo, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi elwa namagciwane ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomuthi kanye nomthamo.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile | Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, isifo sohudo, ukulunywa kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala lapho kusetshenziswa khona umuthi, kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba. |
| Imiphumela emibi engavamile, kodwa emibi kakhulu |
|
| Uma kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha | |
| Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engavamile eshiwo ngenhla, yeka ukuthatha umuthi bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. | |
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi isikhunta siba 'esimelana' nemithi? (Ukumelana Nesikhunta)
Lesi ngesinye sezihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu esikhuluma ngazo namuhla. Ukumelana Nesikhunta yilapho isikhunta simelana nomuthi othile wokulwa nesikhunta. Kalula nje, isikhunta sesibe 'umlutha' walowo muthi, futhi 'sibe' namandla kunomuthi. Ngemuva kwalokho, lowo muthi awusakwazi ukubulala isikhunta.
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka:
- Ukuyeka umuthi ngaphambi kokuqeda isikhathi esibekiwe: Iphutha elikhulu ukuyeka umuthi ngokushesha nje lapho uzizwa ungcono kancane. Lokhu kushiya isikhunta esinamandla kakhulu esingakafi ngokuphelele futhi sivumelane nomuthi.
- Ukungathathi umthamo ofanele: Ukungathathi umuthi ngesikhathi noma ukweqa imithamo kungaholela ekungangeni ngokwanele kwemithi emzimbeni, okwandisa ukumelana kwesikhunta.
- Ukusetshenziswa okungadingekile kwemithi yokukhunta: Ngezinye izikhathi, okhilimu bokukhunta bafakwa entweni engeyona igciwane lesikhunta. Lokhu kungaveza isikhunta kuleyo mithi futhi kubangele ukuthi singamelani nayo.
Uma isikhunta simelana nemithi, kuba nzima kakhulu ukwelapha ukutheleleka. Ngezinye izikhathi, kufanele unikeze imithi enamandla enemiphumela emibi eminingi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho nasempilweni yomphakathi wonke ukuthatha imithi enqunywe udokotela wakho, ngesilinganiso esifanele nangesikhathi esifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokulwa nesikhunta uhlobo lomuthi owelapha izifo zesikhunta. Ibulala isikhunta noma ivimbele ukukhula kwaso.
- Ukutheleleka kungasukela ekuqubukeni kwesikhumba okuvamile kanye namaqhubu kuya ezimweni ezingathi sína ezithinta igazi namaphaphu.
- Ama-antifungal afika ngezindlela ezahlukene, njengokhilimu, amaphilisi, kanye nemijovo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Thatha umthamo ophelele wemithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho isikhathi sonke. Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi ngoba nje uzizwa ungcono. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela isikhunta ukuthi singabi namandla okumelana nomuthi (ukumelana nesikhunta).
- Uma uhlangabezana nomphumela omubi kakhulu (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, amabhamuza esikhumba) ngenkathi uthatha umuthi, funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngokushesha.
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