Inkinga yezempilo evamile kubantu abaningi ezweni lethu "umfutho wegazi ophakeme". Mhlawumbe wena, ilungu lomndeni, noma umngane uphuza imithi yalesi simo. Kodwa empeleni le mithi yenzani? Kungani umuntu ngamunye enikezwa uhlobo oluhlukile lwemithi? Kungani ingcindezi ngezinye izikhathi ingasehli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi? Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula nangendlela enobungane.
Yimiphi le mithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi?
Kalula nje, le yimithi esiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi wakho ophezulu futhi iwubuyisele esimweni esijwayelekile. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela efanayo. Cabanga ngemithambo yegazi yakho njengamapayipi athwala amanzi. Lapho umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka, umfutho wegazi ngaphakathi kwala mapayipi uyanda.
Eminye imithi isebenza ngokwandisa le "mihlanga" noma imithambo yegazi . Lokhu kuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula ngaphandle kokuvaleka. Eminye imithi isiza umzimba ukuthi ukhiphe uketshezi oluningi nosawoti ngomchamo . Olunye uhlobo lomuthi luvimba ama-hormone akhiqizwa ngokwemvelo emzimbeni akhulisa umfutho wegazi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokhetha imithi yakho ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, ubulili, ukuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, nokuthi umfutho wegazi wakho uphakeme kangakanani. Ngakho-ke imithi oyinikwayo ingase ihluke ngokuphelele kuleyo enikwa umakhelwane wakho. Isimo sawo wonke umuntu sihlukile.
Ngokuvamile, kudingeka imithi engaphezu kweyodwa ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho. Udokotela wakho angase aqale ngomuthi owodwa bese kancane kancane engeza eminye imithi ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho. Futhi, uma umuthi ungasebenzi noma ubangela imiphumela emibi engabekezeleleki, angase awuyeke lowo muthi bese ekuqala umuthi ohlukile.
Kungani kufanele uthathe imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi? Ziyini izinzuzo?
Inhloso eyinhloko yokuphuza imithi yomfutho wegazi ophezulu ukuvikela inhliziyo yakho. Lapho umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile ukupompa igazi. Kufana nenjini epompa amanzi ngepayipi elivalekile kancane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungenza inhliziyo yakho ibe buthaka.
Ngokuthatha imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi, sinciphisa lo mthwalo ongadingekile enhliziyweni. Ngaleyo ndlela,
- Ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo iyancipha.
- Ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi iyancipha.
- Ingozi yokwehluleka kwezinso iyancipha.
- Ingozi yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo iyancipha.
Le mithi yenza kube lula ngenhliziyo yakho ukupompa igazi ezithweni zomzimba wakho ezibalulekile amahora angama-24 ngosuku.
Izinhlobo zemithi yokucindezela kwegazi kanye nemiphumela yayo emibi
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi enikezwa umfutho wegazi. Eminye yemithi yokuqala ekhethwa odokotela yi-Thiazide diuretics, i-ACE inhibitors, kanye ne-Calcium channel blockers. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Indlela esebenza ngayo (ngamagama alula) | Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|---|---|---|
| Imithi yokuhlanza (I-Thiazide, i-Loop, i-Potassium-sparing) | Izinso zisusa uketshezi oluningi kanye nosawoti emzimbeni ngomchamo. Kuphinde kusize ekukhuliseni imithambo yegazi. | Amazinga aphansi/aphezulu e-potassium/magnesium, isiyezi, amazinga aphezulu e-uric acid. |
| Izithibi ze-ACE | Ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-angiotensin II, i-hormone ebangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe. | Ukukhwehlela okomile, amazinga aphezulu e-potassium, isiyezi, i-angioedema (ukuvuvukala kobuso nentamo - lokhu kuyingozi, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha). |
| Imithi yohlobo lwe-ARB (ama-ARB) | Ivimbela i-hormone i-angiotensin II ukuthi isebenze emithanjeni yegazi. | Ukwanda kwamazinga e-potassium, isiyezi. |
| Izithiyo zesiteshi se-calcium | Ivimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingangeni emithanjeni yegazi futhi ikhulule imisipha kuleyo mithambo yegazi. | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhuphukile/okwehla, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze engezansi. |
| Ama-Beta-blocker | Kunciphisa imiphumela yama-hormone akhulisa umfutho wegazi ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka futhi kuthulisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. | Ukukhathala/ukukhathala, isiyezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwehlayo, ukuquleka. |
Umfutho wegazi wami usaphezulu yize ngithatha imithi. Kungani kunjalo?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani umfutho wegazi lakho ungase ungalawuleki, noma ngabe uphuza imithi yakho ngendlela efanele.
- Ungadinga imithi engaphezu kweyodwa: Ngezinye izikhathi umfutho wegazi lakho awukwazi ukulawulwa ngomuthi owodwa nje. Ungadinga imithi emibili, emithathu, noma emine.
- Ukungawuthathi umuthi ngendlela efanele: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke . Uma uphuthelwa usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, ukufundwa komfutho wegazi lakho kungashintsha.
- Ukudla Okungafanele: Uma udla ukudla okunosawoti omningi (ama-pickle, izinhlanzi ezomisiwe, amasoso, ukudla okusemathinini, ama-noodle asheshayo), ukusebenza kahle komuthi kungancipha.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Ngezinye izikhathi umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungabangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesibili". Isibonelo, kungabangelwa izinkinga zamahomoni "umfutho wegazi ophezulu" noma ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinso "ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi yezinso". Uma umfutho wegazi wakho usaphakeme kakhulu naphezu kokuthatha imithi eminingana, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Eminye imithi: Eminye imithi oyiphuzayo (eminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu) noma imithi yamakhambi nayo inganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi yomfutho wegazi.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wakho?
- Uma unemiphumela emibi engabekezeleleki ngenxa yemithi yakho (isib. ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, isiyezi esinzima, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho), ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho wedwa. Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho bese ushintshela komunye umuthi.
- Uma ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi wakho kuphezulu kakhulu noma kuphansi kakhulu uma ulinganisa umfutho wegazi ekhaya.
- Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho uhlela ukwenza kanjalo, njengoba kunemithi ephephile nemithi engaphephile.
Ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile, ngezinye izikhathi uma usukuma ngokuzumayo, umfutho wegazi wakho uyehla (i-orthostatic hypotension), okubangela ukuthi uzizwe unesiyezi futhi uwe. Lo muthi ungenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, sukuma kancane futhi ngokucophelela uma usukuma.
Iyini indlela yokuphila enhle?
Kanye nokuphuza imithi, ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo kubalulekile ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti: Yeka ukufaka usawoti ekudleni kwakho bese udla ukudla okunosawoti omningi.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Utshwala buyandisa umfutho wegazi.
- Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile: Yenza ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Ukulawula isisindo somzimba: Ukwanda kwesisindo kuthinta ngqo umfutho wegazi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungumbulali othule. Uma ungelashwa, ungaholela ezimweni ezimbi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, unhlangothi, kanye nesifo sezinso.
- Thatha umuthi wakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesikhathi esifanele, nsuku zonke . Ungalokothi ushintshe noma uyeke umthamo womuthi wakho wedwa.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ongase ube nayo ngemithi yakho. Angakusiza ukuthi ukhethe imithi engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okungenasawoti omningi, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukulawula isisindo) kanye nokuphuza imithi.
- Iya ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi futhi uqaphe isimo sakho.
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