Uma uphonsa ushukela phansi, kuzoba nomugqa wezintuthwane ngemizuzu emihlanu. Uma ukhohlwa ukuvala isitsha ekhishini, kuzoba nezintuthwane lapho. Ngezinye izikhathi ziyafika zikulume, futhi kubuhlungu kakhulu. Le nkinga yezintuthwane iyinkinga evamile emakhaya ethu, akunjalo? Cishe wonke amakhaya anale nkinga. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngendlela yokususa lezi zintuthwane ezicasulayo ngokuphepha nangaphandle kokulimaza impilo yakho.
Obani izintuthwane? Ingabe zimbi ngempela?
Izintuthwane ziyiqembu lezilwane elibaluleke kakhulu ezweni lezinambuzane. Ngokwesayensi, zingaphansi kwe-oda `(Hymenoptera)`. Izintuthwane zinikeza isevisi enkulu endaweni ezungezile kunalokho ongakucabanga.
- Ingenisa umoya enhlabathini: Uma imigodi ngaphansi komhlaba, inhlabathi iba nomoya ongcono.
- Ilawula ezinye izinambuzane: Idla ezinye izinambuzane ezicasulayo njengezintuthwane kanye nezimpukane.
- Ihlanza indawo: Isiza ekuhlanzeni indawo ngokudla izilwane ezifile nezinto ezibolile.
- Ukudla kwezinye izilwane: Izintuthwane ziwukudla okuhle kwezilwane ezifana nezinyoni.
Ngakho-ke uyabona, izintuthwane ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa yilezi zintuthwane ezingenamsebenzi eziba yinkinga enkulu uma zingena emakhaya ethu. Yilapho-ke lapho kudingeka sizilawule khona.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivamile zezintuthwane ezingena emakhaya ethu?
Nakuba kunezinhlobo zezintuthwane ezingaphezu kuka-12,000 emhlabeni, zimbalwa izinhlobo ezifika emakhaya ethu. Ukuhlonza lezi zinhlobo zezintuthwane kuwusizo olukhulu ekuzilawuleni. Ake sibheke izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezivame ukutholakala emakhaya ethu.
| Uhlobo Lwezintuthwane | Ukubukeka nokuziphatha | Okufanele ukunake |
|---|---|---|
| Izintuthwane Ezimnyama / Izintuthwane Zasekhaya | Bancane, bamnyama. Ngokuvamile ungazibona zilinde emgqeni. Zithanda kakhulu ukudla okumnandi, ushukela, kanye nezinhlamvu zerayisi. | Akulimazi kakhulu, kodwa kuyacasula ukungena ekudleni. Akulula ukuthi kusakaze izifo. |
| Izintuthwane Zomlilo | Umbala obomvu noma onsundu. Zinongwe kancane. Uma uzidla, uzizwa uvutha, njengokungathi kukhona umlilo. | Ubuthi bunamandla. Bungabangela amabhamuza nokuvuvukala uma budliwa. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. |
| Izintuthwane Zombazi | Njengoba inkulu kakhulu, inombala omnyama, ilimaza izinto ezifana neminyango, amafasitela, kanye nokhuni oluphahleni. | Zilimaza ifenisha yokhuni kanye nezakhiwo zokhuni ekhaya. Ungabona izinqwaba zothuli lwezinkuni ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala. |
| Izintuthwane Ezinamaphiko / Ama-Swarmers | Izintuthwane ezivamile zibukeka sengathi zinamaphiko. Lezi yizintuthwane ezizokwakha isidleke esisha. | Uma uzibona ngaphakathi endlini yakho, kusho ukuthi kukhona isiduli esikhulu sezintuthwane ndawana thize ngaphakathi noma eduze. |
Kungani lezi zintuthwane ziza emakhaya ethu?
Izintuthwane zidinga nezinto eziyisisekelo ukuze ziphile. Okungukuthi, ukudla, amanzi, kanye nendawo ephephile. Amakhaya ethu ayizindawo lapho zingazithola khona kalula zonke lezi zinto ezintathu.
- Ukufuna ukudla: Ngisho nocezu oluncane lokudla oluwela phansi ekhishini, i-cube kashukela, noma isitsha okhohliwe ukusivala, kuyidili elikhulu lezintuthwane.
- Ukuthola amanzi: Ithonsi lamanzi eduze kwesinki, umswakama endlini yokugezela, noma impompi evuzayo kwanele kubo.
- Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu: Uma imigodi yabo yonakaliswa yizinto ezifana nemvula enkulu noma isomiso ngaphandle, bangena ezindlini ukuze bathole indawo ephephile.
- Ukuthola indawo entsha: Ake sithi wakha indlu entsha eduze kwendlu yakho. Uma umba umhlabathi lapho, izintuthwane ziyaphuka futhi izintuthwane kufanele zithole indawo entsha. Bese zingena kalula ezindlini zethu.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze siqede inkinga yezintuthwane?
Ngaphambi kokuba sisebenzise izibulali zezintuthwane, kunezinto eziningi ezilula neziphephile esingazenza. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "Ukuphathwa Kwezinambuzane Okuhlanganisiwe (IPM)". Lokho kusho ukusebenzisa izindlela zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo nezinobungani nemvelo.
1. Izinto zokuqala kuqala: Azikho izibulala-zinambuzane!
- Vimba imigwaqo eya endlini:Ngisho nomfantu omncane odongeni noma isikhala eduze kwefasitela kungaba yindawo enhle yokuthi izintuthwane zingene ekhaya lakho. Bheka lezi zindawo bese uzivala ngento efana ne-silicone (`caulk`).
- Gcina kuhlanzekile: Ngemva kokudla, sula itafula nekhishi kahle. Uma ukudla kuwela phansi, kuhlanze ngokushesha.
- Gcina ukudla ngokuphephile: Gcina izinto ezifana noshukela, ufulawa, namabhisikidi emathinini noma emabhodleleni angangeni moya, avaliwe kahle.
- Lungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi: Lungisa amapayipi avuzayo kanye namapayipi ngokushesha. Gcina isinki nendlu yokugezela zomile.
- Imizila yezintuthwane ecacile: Uma ubona umugqa wezintuthwane zihamba, hlanza umzila kahle ngamanzi anensipho. Izintuthwane zihamba ngomzila wephunga lamakhemikhali eziwushiya ngemuva. Uma lowo mzila ususuliwe, 'isignali' yokuthi ezinye izintuthwane zilandele iyanyamalala.
- Ithini likadoti: Khipha udoti nsuku zonke. Geza ithini likadoti njalo bese uligcina lihlanzekile.
2. Uma usebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane...
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokwenza lokhu okungenhla, kungaba nzima ukulawula izintuthwane. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungadingeka usebenzise izibulala-zinambuzane. Kodwa kudingeka ukwenze ngokucophelela okukhulu.
- Sebenzisa isicupho: Indlela engcono kakhulu nephephile yokubulala izintuthwane ukusebenzisa izicupho zesicupho. Lezi izicupho ezincane zepulasitiki. Ngaphakathi kukhona ubuthi obuxutshwe nokudla kwezintuthwane. Izintuthwane eziqashayo zithatha lokhu kudla bese zibuyela esidlekeni ukuyopha indlovukazi nezinye. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, isidleke sonke sizobhujiswa. Ungathola izicupho eziqukethe izinto ezifana ne-`(Boric acid)`, `(Fipronil)`, `(Hydramethylnon)`.
- I-Diatomaceous earth: Lona umkhiqizo wemvelo. Wenziwe ngezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezincane zasemanzini ezifile. Lo mphuphu wonakalisa isembozo sangaphandle sezintuthwane, uziqede amanzi futhi uzibulale. Ungasetshenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
- Qaphela ngezifutho kanye nezimbobo: Lokhu kubulala izintuthwane ezibonakalayo kuphela, hhayi isidleke. Futhi, amakhemikhali akulezi zinto ayingozi emaphashini ethu futhi angaphefumulwa ngengozi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma usebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane , hlala uzigcina kude nezingane ezincane nezilwane ezifuywayo . Funda imiyalelo esephaketheni ngokucophelela. Ungalokothi uzisebenzise eduze kwezindawo zokulungiselela ukudla noma izitsha. Uma othile edla isibulala-zinambuzane esinjalo ngengozi, shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Center e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko. Futhi, iya esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.
Wenzani uma uthola ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokudla intuthwane?
Uma uluma intuthwane evamile, uzwa ukuhlaba okuncane nokulunywa. Kodwa uma uluma intuthwane eqinile njengentuthwane, ubuhlungu bukhulu kakhulu.
- Uma kwenzeka ubuthi obujwayelekile:Geza indawo lapho intuthwane ilunywe khona ngensipho namanzi. Faka iphakethe leqhwa ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
- Uma kwenzeka ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-Anaphylaxis): Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Abanye abantu bangaba nokungezwani komzimba nobuthi bezintuthwane. Bheka lezi zimpawu:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyacinana
- Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
- Isiyezi , ukuquleka
- Kusakazeka njengokuqhuma emzimbeni wonke
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu ezibucayi, ungachithi isikhathi bese uya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo. Futhi, uma udle izintuthwane eziningi noma ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kungapheli ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda izintuthwane ukugcina ikhaya lakho nendawo ezungezile ihlanzekile. Susa noma yikuphi ukudla okuwile phansi ngokushesha.
- Vala noma yiziphi izikhala ezindongeni nasemafasiteleni lapho izintuthwane zingangena khona endlini.
- Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane, zama izindlela eziphephile njengokudla kotshwala. Lokhu kuzosiza ekubhubhiseni lonke iqembu lezintuthwane.
- Uma usebenzisa noma yisiphi isibulala-zinambuzane, sigcine siphephile futhi singatholakali ezinganeni ezincane nasezifuyweni.
- Uma uba nezimpawu ezinkulu zokungezwani komzimba njengobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokuvuvukala kobuso ngemva kokulunywa yisilwane esifana nenyosi, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Uma ungakwazi ukulawula ukutheleleka kwezintuthwane zakho noma uma ukulunywa kubangela izinkinga, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.
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